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relevance of punishment
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The Inner Heaney: Buried Beneath a Bog
Seamus Heaney is one of the most profound and influential writers in Irish history. His poetry primarily consisted, in the beginning, of events from his childhood to his early adult years, highlighting the maturation process of that age period. His poetry changed during the Troubles of Northern Ireland, the Irish Civil Rights Movement that included terrorism from the Irish Republican Army in order to achieve emancipation from Britain, which changed to a darker tone and had an inner conflict between inherent freedoms versus the pressure to express social needs of the people. With this, he wrote about Irish history and the troubles of Northern Ireland while still incorporating nature, especially bogs, into
In Heaney’s poem “Blackberry Picking”, the narrator describes the blackberries as sweet so he picked as many as he could find and stored them. He then expresses that “it wasn’t fair that all the lovely canfuls smelt of rot. Each year I hoped they’d keep, knew they would not” (Blackberry Picking). Heaney wrote this based on his own experiences of blackberry picking where he realizes that time turns the berries’ once sweet juices into something vile. Visual imagery is used as an element to vividly describe the deterioration of nature and discuss that as time goes on, things that seem so beautiful and vibrant eventually turn to dust. The blackberries symbolize the narrator’s, or in this case Heaney’s, innocence as he comes to the honest conclusion that death is inevitable and that nothing, especially the blackberries, lasts forever; making every moment so precious since time is relentless. Heaney describes the narrator in “Death of a Naturalist” as happy and enthusiastic about taking frogspawn until “angry frogs invaded the flax-dam; [he] ducked through the hedges to a coarse croaking that [he] had not heard before” (Death of a Naturalist). The use of alliteration in “coarse croaking” portrays the “angry frogs” who express their deep-seated dislike of the boy, or the narrator, who continues to collect “jampotfuls” of the frogspawn. Since the narrator is Heaney, the
In “Bog Queen”, the Bog Queen states that “the plait of my hair, a slimy birth-cord of bog, had been cut and I rose from the dark, hacked bone, skull ware, frayed stitches, tufts, small gleams on the bank” (Bog Queen). The Bog Queen, which represents Northern Ireland, discusses her quest for revenge against Britain for exploiting her, by symbolizing her unnatural removal from the earth. The violent imagery described was Heaney’s way to show Northern Ireland’s ferocity for independence and redemption after many years of involuntary slavery; moreover, he wishes the Bog Queen/Ireland’s features left alone by the British leaving the nature at peace. In Punishment the narrator, Heaney, states while looking at one of the uncovered bog bodies “I who have stood dumb when your betraying sisters, cauled in tar, wept by the railings, who would connive in civilized outrage yet understand the exact tribal, intimate revenge” (Punishment). Heaney expresses his grief over the innocent victims of crimes committed by the tribal men, who represent the Irish Republican Army, both of whom committed similar acts of brutality even with the large separations of periods. Heaney believes that the acts of atrocities committed by the Irish Republican Army are unjust based off of the physical irregularities as described earlier in the poem comparing them to decaying
Specifically, the grandfather in this poem appears to represent involvement with nature because of his decisions to garden as he “stabs his shears into earth” (line 4). However, he is also representative of urban life too as he “watched the neighborhood” from “a three-story” building (line 10). The author describes the world, which the grandfather has a small “paradise” in, apart from the elements desecrated by humans, which include “a trampled box of Cornflakes,” a “craggy mound of chips,” and “greasy / bags of takeouts” (lines 23, 17, 2, and 14-15). The passive nature of the grandfather’s watching over the neighborhood can be interpreted in a variety of different ways, most of them aligning with the positive versus negative binary created by the authors of these texts. The author wants to show the reader that, through the grandfather’s complexity of character, a man involved in both nature and more human centered ways of life, there is multifaceted relationship that man and nature share. Through the also violent descriptions of the grandfather’s methods of gardening, the connection between destructive human activities and the negative effects on nature is
In Galway Kinnell’s “Blackberry Eating,” the author utilizes several literary devices that enhance the symbolic meaning behind the poem. Kinnell uses repeated alliterations throughout the poem through several constant uses of soft sounds that are interrupted quickly by heard sounds to produce pathos for the readers. The slow rhythm of the poem creates a sense within the readers of savoring the blackberries of the poem. The whole poem is an extended metaphor that represents the relationship of tangible blackberries and intangible words. Through sensory imagery, including sight, touch and taste; the author creates a parallel to both the reader’s senses and the word that are contained within the poem. This style that the author has created formulates
Stade, George, and Karen Karbiener. “Heaney Seamus.” Bloom’s Literature. Facts on File, Inc. Web. 30 Mar. 2014
The imagery in this passage helps turn the tone of the poem from victimization to anger. In addition to fire images, the overall language is completely stripped down to bare ugliness. In previous lines, the sordidness has been intermixed with cheerful euphemisms: the agonizing work is an "exquisite dance" (24); the trembling hands are "white gulls" (22); the cough is "gay" (25). But in these later lines, all aesthetically pleasing terms vanish, leaving "sweet and …blood" (85), "naked… [and]…bony children" (89), and a "skeleton body" (95).
Heaney emphasizes the importance of the experience of Blackberry picking by using diction that relates to sensory imagery and human urges. He describes the flesh of the first berry of summer to be “sweet like a thickened wine” a beverage with a taste that lingers—just as he describes the blackberries to, as they “Leave stains upon the tongue.” As if the first harkened that the best was yet to come, he jumped at the chance to be drunk on blackberries, for the one taste had left him with a lust and hunger for more. Driven by something deeper than the simple desires of their younger years, they went “out with milk cans, pea tins, jam pots” without a thought to the many dangers, "the briars that scratched and the wet grass that bleached their boots." And they emerged with berries “burning” in their containers, their palms sticky as with blood with the reference to Bluebeard when he murdered his wives. Clearly this childhood experience is no a mere description of play. The metaphors and diction, especially those which relates to the sense, show that this experience touched the young Heaney at a different level.
There is particular consideration given to the political climate in this story. It is incorporated with social and ethnic concerns that are prevalent. The story also addresses prejudice and the theme of ethnic stereotyping through his character development. O'Connor does not present a work that is riddled with Irish slurs or ethnic approximations. Instead, he attempts to provide an account that is both informative and accurate.
Paddy’s Lament is about the terrible sufferings of the Irish people during the potato famine and of the cruel treatment that the Irish went through at the hands of the British people. The British did nothing to help the Irish survive when if they just shared their food they could have saved millions of people from a horrible death. They wrote in their newspapers that the Irish were lazy and didn’t want to work. At the time before the famine, the Irish loved their homeland and few wanted to immigrate to other countries. They had little money to buy a passage to America. They would send one member of the family to America and he would get a job to help those back home. As the famine got worse, the English were looking bad to the rest of the world and decided on a plan to ship all the Irish they could to America and Canada. This way they would rid themselves of the Irish problem. The British paid passage to families who would immigrate. The Irish were happy to leave, but the conditions on the British ships were deplorable. They had to stay on deck through the whole voyage, and about one in three people died. So many Irish people died that they became known as coffin ships. When they arrived in New York, the Irish were examined by a health examiner. Some families were separated from others, and children were separated from their mothers. The Irish were taken to tenements to live in. The conditions of the tenements were horrible. There were so many people living in them that the places we...
In the first stanza of the poem the speaker describes the fearful dream she had. Bogan introduces the symbol of a mighty horse that embodies the fear and retribution carried from the speaker's childhood, fear and retribution that have been "kept for thirty-five years" (3). Bogan effectively uses metaphorical language as she describes the fear personified inthe horse as it "poured through his mane" (3) and the retribution as it "breathed through his nose" (4). The source of her fear is unclear, but it may be that the horse is a symbol of life that can be both beautiful and terrifying. The imagery created when the speaker tells us, "the terrible horse began / To paw at the air, and make for me with his blows" (1-2) describes a sense of entrapment as life corners her and spews forth repressed fear and retribution, emotions that must be faced.
In the poem ‘Requiem for the Croppies’, Seamus Heaney uses many language techniques to convey the struggle of the people of Ireland during the rebellion against the controlling forces of the English invasion. Throughout this poem, Heaney shows the struggle of the Irishmen during the rebellion through the use of poetic language techniques like alliteration, repetition and personification.
... It is estimated over these five horrifying years, that around two million Irish died. One million deaths are attributed to starvation while another million is attributed to immigration and sickness. It has taken many years for the Irish to recover the loss of 25% of their population, many of these deaths being children and the elderly. This led to an immense age gap in the general population. The Irish have also been to slow to recover from the emotional and political toll that the famine had on Ireland’s people. To remember and learn from past mistakes, the Irish built an Irish Potato Famine Memorial in Dublin. It has grotesque statues of starving people walking down the Custom House Quay carrying what little belongings they had left. This is a haunting reminder of what hunger and greed can do to a country and how it’s influence can spread across the entire world.
Lawrence uses figurative language in order to present his ideas of societies expectations of a man. Lawrence changes the structure and style of “Snake” in order to highlight the struggles of the narrator. Specifically, when writing about the snake he uses repetitive and flowing words. He also uses traditional devices like alliteration, for example “and flickered his two-forked tongue from his lips.” The use of these technics gives the snake an almost human like feel that the reader can connect to. At the same time, Lawrence writes about the log used to hurt the snake in a different style creating such a contrast between the snake’s description and the log. The words describing the log are much different, “and threw it at the water trough with a clatter.” The changing styles helps emphasize the internal struggle the narrator is experiencing as he tries to figure out if he should do as society dictates and kill the snake like a man or do as he wishes and leave the snake in peace as his guest at the water
Heaney, Seamus. "Opened Ground, Selected Poems 1966-1996." Follower. New York, NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1998. 10.
Nature is often a focal point for many author’s works, whether it is expressed through lyrics, short stories, or poetry. Authors are given a cornucopia of pictures and descriptions of nature’s splendor that they can reproduce through words. It is because of this that more often than not a reader is faced with multiple approaches and descriptions to the way nature is portrayed. Some authors tend to look at nature from a deeper and personal observation as in William Wordsworth’s “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”, while other authors tend to focus on a more religious beauty within nature as show in Gerard Manley Hopkins “Pied Beauty”, suggesting to the reader that while to each their own there is always a beauty to be found in nature and nature’s beauty can be uplifting for the human spirit both on a visual and spiritual level.
The consistent pattern of metrical stresses in this stanza, along with the orderly rhyme scheme, and standard verse structure, reflect the mood of serenity, of humankind in harmony with Nature. It is a fine, hot day, `clear as fire', when the speaker comes to drink at the creek. Birdsong punctuates the still air, like the tinkling of broken glass. However, the term `frail' also suggests vulnerability in the presence of danger, and there are other intimations in this stanza of the drama that is about to unfold. Slithery sibilants, as in the words `glass', `grass' and `moss', hint at the existence of a Serpent in the Garden of Eden. As in a Greek tragedy, the intensity of expression in the poem invokes a proleptic tenseness, as yet unexplained.
The poem September 1913 focuses on the time where the Irish Independence was at its highest. Yeats repeats the phrase “romantic Ireland” a lot in this poem as it refers to the sacrifice of the materialistic things for independence and freedom. To further emphasize the importance and greatness of the revolution, Yeats pointed out the names of heroic individuals who gave their lives to fight for the cause. Yeats did not give any detail about the Irish heroes but he does state that “they have gone about the world like wind” (11). The heroes were so famous; their names could be heard and talked about all over the world. In this poem, Yeats does not go directly in to detail about the historical events that happened but fo...