An Information System (IS) is defined as "a set of interrelated components that collect, manipulate, store, and disseminate data and information and provide a feedback mechanism to meet an objective" (Stair & Reynolds, 2006). This feedback mechanism is used by organizations, which enables organizations to achieve specific goals such as increasing profit margins and/or improving customer service. Information systems consist of four components which are input, processing, output, and feedback. In this paper, the accuracy of and the method of data input for certain situations, the convenience and quality and the method of output for certain situations, the different types of storage devices and how these devices are optimal for different situations, and the role of chosen devices in determining the speed of a computer is explained.
Method of Data Input
The accuracy of data input into an information system is very important. Data is raw facts entered into an information system, which, when these facts are brought together to add value, becomes information. For example, an employer's name, hours worked, and job title entered into a system becomes valuable information to a manager when it is pay day for the employer. If the data is not accurately entered into the system, the data becomes useless. There are different methods used for data input in different situations. A good method to use when requiring data input for printed questionnaires is by using a scanning device called an optical data reader which in turn uses optical mark recognition forms, which are also called mark sense forms. Using these forms for printed questionnaires enables accurate census taking by just scanning the forms. In this process, there is no room for human error and the results are accurate. In a situation such as taking a telephone survey, methods using voice recognition devices are used. This type of input device recognizes human speech, records, and converts the human voice into digital signals. In order to input data from bank checks into a banking system, Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR) Devices are used to read the MICR data placed at the bottom of checks that enables speedy check clearing processes. In a situation that inputs data using retail tags, point-of-sales devices are used such as keyboards, bar-code readers, printers, and screens. The sales information is entered into the system and the POS system calculates the total. Lastly, when dealing with long documents, the best method to use to input data is optical character recognition, which uses an optical character reader to convert handwritten or typed documents into digital data.
In design of user interface, input controls are an essential element of any type and permits clients to execute different functions to make sure that input data is accurate, protected and complete. Data input controls make sure suitability, comprehensiveness, and accuracy of data throughout its transformation into application of computer or into data of a computer from its actual source. Both scheduled automated processing and manual online input may be used for penetration of data into an application of computer from. The designer of input control must define the satisfactoriness of both and manual controls over input of data to make sure that data is input correctly with most favorable exercise of computerized editing and validation and that procedures of error handling helps the accurate and timely resubmission of all approved data. Audit and Management Advisory Services educate clients that edits of input should be employed with a computer or form application, these input edits range from checks for unacceptable characters, invalid
A management information system (MIS) is an information collection and analysis system that facilitates access to program and participant information."(mays.tamu.edu, 2013) This system is usually computerized. Businesses use MIS at all levels of operation to collect, process and store data. Management uses this data in the form of information needed to carry out the daily operations of the business. Everyone who works in business, from someone who pays the bills to the person who makes employment decisions, uses MIS. In fact, many (if not most) companies concentrate on the alignment of MIS with business goals to achieve competitive advantage over other companies. "The major components of the MIS are the database, the model base, and the user interface. The database is used to store important data, the model base has the required statistical models in order to analyze the large amounts of data, and the user interface allows the user of the software to navigate through it and use it with ease."(mays.tamu.edu, 2013)
An information system is a “collection of software, hardware, procedures, data and computer networks used by people in organizations” (). Managers can use computer-based
Asemi observe that Management Information System (MIS) is one of the information systems that is computer based. Besides, Asemi defines MIS as “an organizational method of providing past, present and project information related to internal operations and external intelligences. It supports the planning, control and operation functions of an organization by furnishing uniform information in the proper time frame to assist the decision makers,” (2011). The aim of MIS is to satisfy the general information need of the entire manager in an organization. Before the advent of computers, the process of decision-making was one that was full of built-in advantages and ad hoc methods. Computers technologies have changed the landscape of the decision-making process completely by making the process less demanding and easy to undertake. The reason for this situation is that information technology has made access to information more automated, efficient, effective, timely, and less ambiguous. Consequently, the ordinary t...
Within the scope of our findings, there were no major conflicting ideas about the use of electronic barcode medication-administration systems. One study even reported that there were no new types of error in the medication administration process after implementing the barcode medication-administration system into their care (Seibert,H.H., et. al, 2014). There were however some differences in the type of barcode scanning systems used in the research, which can cause some conflicting ideas as to which system was better for reducing medication errors or more user
Information systems are a vital necessity to healthcare institutions in the United States and other nations with the ominous need to keep up with technology, research, and science in the 21st. Century. Most of healthcare institutions in Africa still depend on physical documentation, written by hand and afterword’s stored in binders locked away in storing facilities. With the growing populace in Africa, gathering information concerning patients health documents is costly, hard to maintain, and unethical. Therefore, in this case scenario I’m going to target my research, in developing countries in Africa in general, who are striving to improve ideal management information system. The goal is to aim efforts to improve public health through enhanced supervision through healthcare information, such the ability to collect, store and analyze accurate health data, service transfer proficiency, improve data accuracy, value of involvement, increase accountability and to learn about trends. The objective of this information system is to record information on health events and check the quality of services at different stages of health care. The data collected will also help to notify forthcoming healthcare policy determinations.
A barcode is a visual representation of data that is checked and utilized for data. Bar code is simple to control equipment and tool inventory. In facilities supervisors can use barcodes to link work orders, purchase orders, spare parts and equipment which can be further used to track and collect cost. In barcodes historical data can be used to predict the seasonal fluctuation accurately. Barcodes are printed specifically on the paper or a plastic object, therefore actualizing a standardized identification framework is far less expensive than the RFID innovation.
One challenge that arise is how to share information between different sectors. Information is usually filled out or manually entered into information systems. Information silos makes it difficult to share information because the information is stored in multiple places. Advances in programs such as ICT and (WORM) write once, read many has lowered the price in data purchases which in return cause omnipresent data storage to various leaders in the
A MICR input system will magnetize the information at the bottom of the check for simple interpretation. Retail tags- The best data input for retail tags would be a bar code scanner. This is called an optical scanning input device. By using a bar code scanner manual input if numbers into a keypad is not necessary. ... Specific codes apply to certain types of merchandise Long documents- Document scanners with a DMS (Document Management Service) to store data after it has been scanned would be the best choice. Lais Sami, (2002,)...
RFID, or radio frequency identification, is the new system that is replacing the use of barcodes. RFID tags allow users to more quickly obtain information from the object that the RFID tag identifies (Evans, 2012, p. 190). RFID tags are more helpful and will eventually replace barcodes entirely because they allow the user to scan the object without physically touching or optically reading anything on it. Rather than reading an identification number that is then looked up in a database, it is possible to gather information directly from the tag (Bonsor).
Accoding to GSI (2009); the barcode technology is in use to monitor product information in every stage of beef industry. The barcode is an optical machine-readable representation of data that is physically attached to a product and stores information about the product at hand. They are inexpensive and simplistic in implementing. However, there are several downsides related to the use of barcode according to TURCK(2012). Firstly, barcodes are read only hence it is not possible for users to add information as products continue in the process flow. Secondly, barcodes require line-of-sight with the reader, which means a product must be properly aligned in order for the barcode reader to identify product by its code. It can influence employee productivity by being time-consuming to achieve proper alignment. Moreover, the same inherent resilience and reusability are not designed for barcodes. Last but not least, the ink of barcodes can be smeared due to rubbing or exposure to water. This makes the barcode illegible; hence employees have to stop their task and replace new label. This causes...
I was not able to get to a local computer store because, well there isn’t one. The one that was here in town is now an antique shop. I went to Best Buy recently and saw a phone that I really liked. It is called the Samsung Instinct. I have Sprint so I knew I could use the phone. I explored the website later on that night and thought this would be a great opportunity to talk about my really cool new phone.
...ystems or information technology. Moreover, the purpose of the record is a record to store the entire crisis and problems in up the product into the system can be restored. The purpose of storage is for making corrections and the possibility of returning the product will be an entry in a loss to the company. Records can be referred by the department of finance, administration and management. Similarly, every management job requires the recording and storage of data to be reviewed in the event of confusion. Therefore, information systems or information technology is very important in the business sector nowadays.
The checkouts used in modern supermarket chains are all capable of EFT and are therefore all considered EFTPOS. In the next few years checkouts or ‘tills’ in all retail shops will use the ICC Barcodes The goods found in supermarkets are labelled with barcodes used to identify specific items on a central database. When the good is scanned a request is sent from the checkout to this main database where the request is handled and the appropriate information returned to that terminal and the correct amount reduced from the stock of that item. The bar codes are formed of lines of different widths and as each line represents a number the resulting code is the information sent to the main computer.
The first thing that we must consider about Information Security is that there is not a final destination at which we can arrive. IT Security is an ongoing set of processes and activities that requires attention and expertise on a daily basis. It is important to understand that systems are not secured by themselves and it is our responsibility to maintain and improve them periodically as required. It is of vital importance to establish the appropriate mechanisms and requirements in order to support the company’s CIA triad. The following report will provide you guidance about auditing and hardening techniques applied though the 7 Domains by utilizing IT Security Best Practices.