Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
seven pillars of effective reading instruction
seven pillars of effective reading instruction
literacy training program
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: seven pillars of effective reading instruction
Abstract
This research paper is intended to gather information on the subject of the practice implemented for reading and writing in primary level. However, the research paper continues to evolve to meet the needs of a world marked by continuous change or effective action. Crafted from the primary level literacy course, this broad in scope and thoroughly concerned with concrete problems or data rather than with fundamental principles text continues to cover the information needed by both new and experienced teachers in order to teach effective literacy in the primary level, thereby following this with the specific strategies to use in the classroom to develop successful teenage or primary readers and writers. Nevertheless, arousing or capable of arousing deep emotion in students toward independence in reading and writing is the most important instructional goal during the primary years. Although, providing proper equilibrium literacy teaching is a central or dominant task, but demanding objective for many primary teachers.
In addition to this, the research paper further provides the balance that both new and skilled or experienced teachers need to be successful in the classroom. Hence, making into a whole or make part of a whole the best of what we know about teaching, reading and writing, and implementing the ideas that will lead us into the future of education.
Introduction: Many educational decisions on the implementation of the process to be undertaken on how to teach reading and writing in the classroom are made by teachers globally. Although, these decisions are made in an intuitive manner by a number of teachers, however, a characterized by order and planning procedure of keeping under surveillance is able to accomplish...
... middle of paper ...
... instructional activities and experiences, and distinguishing effective procedures,” (Cooper, 1997, p.513).
In conclusion to this, most teachers who educate young people are presently declaring to be true or admit the existence of the fact that the objective of having nearly all primary students to understand literacy or reading and writing is not being doubtful of accomplishing or dealt with. Furthermore, as stated by Snow, Burns and Griffin that they recognized that “ensuring success in reading requires different levels of effort for different segments of the population” (Griffins, Burns and Snows, 1998, p.16). However, good classroom instruction is at the first level of support for the success of primary literacy. Moreover, children who are identified as having reading difficulties need intensive individualized instruction from a highly experienced teacher.
Finding a definition of literacy is not as easy as it sounds. The Webster definition says that to be literate is to be” able to read and write.” But to some researchers, this definition is too simplistic, leading to multiple models of literacy. Most Americans adhere to the autonomous model, which falls closest to the standard, dictionary definition. Believers in this form say that literacy is a cognitive activity that students learn like any other basic skill. It has a set of proficiencies that one must master in order to be capable of decoding and encoding text (Alvermann, 2009; SIL International, 1999). A competing theory is the ideological model, which claims literacy is intrinsically linked to culture, and therefore what constitutes a “literate” individual is ever-changing. Society is the largest influence on literacy, according to this thought, and it is affected by politics, religion, philosophy and more (Alvermann, 2009; SIL International, 1999). These two are just the tip of the iceberg. For example, some studies recognize “literacy as competence,” which is a “measure of competence to do a given task or work in a given field,” (SIL International, 1999) such as being computer literate. Although more researchers are recognizing and exploring multiple literacies, the one that most influences American schools is the autonomous, cognitive model – the ability to read and write. For many, it seems a simple task, but millions of adolescents are struggling or reluctant readers, and there are many reasons why young readers have difficulty with reading. XXXXXX------NEED HELP WITH THESIS STATEMENT HERE PLEASE—(This paper will focus on the effects of low reading skills, some of the possible causes of reluctant and struggling readership...
The years prior to when an individual reaches the opportunity to attend college, is one of much importance. Especially when it comes to Literacy, this alone spreads into all subject areas. Literacy should be considered one of the most important aspects of a student’s career, if not the most important. Research by Bob Wise (2009) suggests that the main problem in today’s districts is that a good amount of administrations believe that literacy comes after school reform on the list of important topics. The belief is that the problem is not associated to all adolescents; therefore it should be the responsibility of the English teachers. The problem there is that students start to fall behind in all subjects and many end up having to repeat grade levels. Teachers in all subject areas should put a strong emphasis on literacy, and when the student starts to struggle, there responsibility should be to refer them to extra help or provide assistance themselves, its never beneficial for the student if the educators belie...
Reading and writing are two of the most important functions performed on a daily basis by individuals. One problem in America is that a significant amount of the population cannot perform one or both of these tasks. These two tasks are commonly referred to as literacy. What encompasses a literate individual is a controversial topic. For example, if someone can read a sentence and decipher what it means does this mean the person is literate. Or should the individual be able to interpret a sentence as well as write and respond to a given situation to be considered literate. Due to this vagueness in what encompasses a literate individual, I will not state statistical information about the state of literacy in the United States. The statistical information is not important, rather the way the literacy rate can be risen in the U.S. is what is important. A general situation that has to occur to raise literacy rate is the situation where an individual has the desire to read and write and does not do so solely because of instruction from authority figures.
The purpose of my annotated bibliography is to help you understand the research behind my research paper. This annotated bibliography focuses on how exposure to reading and writing skills early play a role in the successfulness of a child’s literacy abilities. Moreover, the focus question for my paper is, does exposure to reading and writing skills before school help a child become successful in literacy. The reason I wanted to research this is because I wanted to see if exposure early to either skills will be beneficial for a child literacy. The articles in this bibliography will give you some background on the research I have done to support my research question in my paper.
In this world, we are blessed with gift to fulfill our needs in community, church, and families. Children are gift from God. They are angles that were brought in to this Earth to take care and be well educated for better future. In order for children to become well-educated, they have to be successful in reading. If children cannot read words-by-words and understanding it’s meaning, they cannot achieve in other content areas such as Mathematics, Social Studies, Science, and Health. What if children can read? They can understand how to solve word problems, summarize a short story, explain history of their country, and perform science activities. Reading is very important to learn in school and at home. In school, there are effective teachers who worked hard to teach children how to decode words, sound out letters, read fluent, accuracy, and comprehend stories. But, can these effective teachers do the whole job alone? Who are the important supporters in children’s educational life? Parents played an essential role in every child’s educational life. Parents are children’s first teacher to teach them how to say words, sing songs, and counting numbers. “Parental involvement is an important factor in children’s literacy development” (Rasinski, 2003, p. 1).
My teaching styles correlate mostly to the constructivist beliefs; I try to make my lessons interactive and connected to student’s interests while allowing the students to work in many different settings. The top down model can be seen throughout my literacy instruction since I instruct text as a major idea and break it down into smaller parts during lessons; I do not start by teaching one piece at a time. I exhibit a balanced literacy approach in my instruction by incorporating many different aspects of literature within my lessons. In all, my philosophy of literacy best describes my beliefs of literacy instruction within the
Competency in literacy directly correlates with an individual’s ability to participate and function in society. With such an important onus on literacy learning it is transparent to realise that teachers are the first point of contact in formal education and play an important role in teaching our future generations and providing society with essential foundations to succeed. Following is a road map focusing on a balanced approach which promotes a combination of student centred and teacher centred theories to achieve the teaching and learning of writing. In order to impart literacy education with the aim to provide best classroom practice educators must use a combination of differentiated instructional methods and equip themselves with a plethora of theories that have had a major impact on teaching writing (not limited to, but) including; behaviourism, bottom-up, constructivism and top-down theories.
Riley, J. (2003). The teaching of reading: the development of literacy in the early years of school. New York, NY: SAGE.
While I believe every child is a reader, I do not believe every child will be enthralled with reading all the time. All students have the capability to read and enjoy reading, but just like any other hobby, interest will vary from student to student. The students in my classroom will be encouraged in their reading, be provided with choice, taught how books can take you into another world but, my students will not be forced to read. This paper will illustrate my philosophy of reading through the theories I relate to, the way I want to implement reading and writing curriculum, and the methods I will use motivate my students to read and help them become literate.
This model explains literacy in terms of skills, these skills revolve around the technical aspects. The reading and writing of written text and the social skills that the language we use gives us. For these basic literacy skills to flourish the development of early language needs to be supported. For children to learn how to read or write a word they will first need to be able to speak it correctly. The basic model of literacy only focuses on the mechanics of this process rather that the reasons behind it. Consequently, basic model is a brief description of the skills that are used to become literate rather than an explanation of how or why we use them. What we can conclude from looking at the basic model is that when these skills are not developed it can have a detrimental impact on several different areas such as; the individual, cultural, environmental and social context of people’s lives. To understand these aspects further needs an examination of the other models.
Martínez, Harris and McClain (2014) maintain that, “among all of the academic skills a student learns in school, none is more fundamental than reading” Furthermore, they believe that competence in reading is essential for education, employment, productive citizenship, and living a successful and satisfying life. (p. 129) Daggett and Pedinotti (2014) explain that “life outside of school requires substantially higher levels of reading proficiency than most students experience in the high school classroom and even in post‐secondary education” (p. 1). Students, who struggle with reading in early elementary years, tend to fall farther behind as they progress through the educational system. Fiester (2010) confirms, “The National Research Council asserts academic success, as defined by high school graduation, can be predicted with reasonable accuracy by knowing someone’s reading skill at the end of third grade” (p.9) Thus, efforts to meet the needs of all learners remains a priority across the nation. As a result, states and districts require schools to submit school improvement plans, which identify specific needs based on data, strategic goals and instructional strategies targeted toward
But we in the United States have the financial means and intellectual means to improve, if not to erase, the illiteracy rate. We can do this by maintaining a high standard in literacy instruction. Using the Readers Workshop format throughout the grades will be a starting point to create a new society of fluid readers. Methods like Readers Workshop lend itself to developing a culture of not only competent readers, but readers who love to
The growing of the student population of diverse background; ethnicity, primary language, and social class have been a great challenge for teachers in a public school setting. Especially the gap between the reading achievement of students of diverse backgrounds and mainstream students has been a concern for many years. The less opportunities and motivations for literacy learning in poverty is the factor most highly associated with low reading achievement of children of diverse background. The author brought out five issues commonly raised by teachers and it has discussed solved the problems with researches.
Every child deserves a positive, safe, nurturing, and stimulating learning environment where they will grow academically, socially, emotionally, and physically. My role as an educator is to provide my students with this type of environment as well as an education that will help them succeed academically and become life long learners. It is the responsibility of a literacy educator to provide students with this type of environment, but also to provide instruction that will help students become successful readers and writers. There are numerous programs and philosophies about literacy and reading. Through years of experience and research, one begins to develop their own creative approach on teaching these skills. After looking at different programs and seeing the positive and negatives of each, an integrated and balanced approach of literacy seems to be the best way to teach the differing needs of each student.
Two days a week in the morning, the children participate in a reading and writing block called “literacy and writing workshop.” The classroom is organized into five different levels with one group having one extra person; the levels are based on scoring of reading assessments. The groups are rotated so that each may spend 15 minutes cycles with either the teacher or Para-educator. The groups not with an instructor were to work on the “Daily-5” (explanation later) until their scheduled lesson. After the students finish their lesson, they are to fill the remainder of the workshop time working on “Daily-5.” This workshop is part of a regular routine. The students understand that after a reading a story with the teacher, they are verbally given a writing assignment. The assignment is usually to write a five sentence paragraph and color a picture related to the reading.