Adaptive Filter is a part of Digital signal system which is widely used in the modern communication system. The basic application of adaptive filter such as adaptive noise cancellation, channel equalization, system identification and adaptive beam forming. So its implementation is a great deal and that much important field in digital system world. As we know intersymbol interference (ISI) caused by the multipath in band limit frequency selective time dispersion channel distort the transmitted signal. In this paper we are concentrated on modifying the algorithm for the adaptive filter and proposed Modified Variable Step Size Leaky LMS (MVSS-LLMS) which improves the channel estimation in the noisy environment. Here we compare the results of our proposed algorithm with the LMS, RLS and VLLMS and represent that it improves in computational complexity and Bit Error Rate (BER).
Keywords: FPGA, Adaptive Channel Estimation, Adaptive filter, LMS algorithm
INTRODUCTION
In this modern world, communication is the heart of the world. In future, the wireless communication systems will require the high data rate technologies as the demanding of high data rate services such as multimedia, voice etc. There are various modulation techniques that are require for transferring the data. However, for transferring large amount of data some new modulation schemes are requires. One of these new modulation technique is Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) [3]. Therefore, to meet this enormous demand of higher data rate and better coverage of wireless network, one approach is to increase the channel bandwidth over which the radio signal is transmitted. But this approach is not practically possible as the frequency spectrum is very expensive...
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Wireless is a methodical account of the early development of wireless telegraphy and the inventors who made it possible. Sungook Hong examines several early significant inventions, including Hertzian waves and optics, the galvanometer, transatlantic signaling, Marconi's secret-box, Fleming's air-blast key and double transformation system, Lodge's syntonic transmitter and receiver, the Edison effect, the thermionic valve, and the audion and continuous wave. Wireless fills the gap created by Hugh Aitken, who described at length the early development of wireless communication, but who did not attempt "to probe the substance and context of scientific and engineering practice in the early years of wireless" (p. x). Sungook Hong seeks to fill this gap by offering an exhaustive analysis of the theoretical and experimental engineering and scientific practices of the early days of wireless; by examining the borderland between science and technology; depicting the transformation of scientific effects into technological artifacts; and showing how the race for scientific and engineering accomplishment fuels the politic of the corporate institution. While the author succeeds in fulfilling these goals, the thesis, it seems, is to affirm Guglielmo Marconi's place in history as the father of wireless telegraphy.
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WiMax has the potential of replacing cellular networks, copper wire networks used by telephone companies, and the coaxial cable infrastructure use by cable TV while offering Internet Service Provider (ISP) services. Relevance of trend: Broadband wireless access (BWA) and in particular WiMax is being
6) Michele Zorzi, “Wireless Sensor and networks: Recent trends and Research Issues’’, University of Padova, Italy, IEEE communication society, Poland, April 28-30, 2008.
There are 4 unknowns: the coordinate of receiver position X and clock bias b. The Iterative Least Square (ILS) can be used to calculate these unknowns. The following is a brief illustration of process of Iterative Least Square in flowchart as shown in Figure 11. In the appendix, the Iterative Least Square method on Matlab functions is presented.
The uses of Digital Signal Processing in communications has become so large scale that nearly any form of analog communication is considered obsolete. Today, nearly any form of communication used, aside from verbal communication, relates to Digital Signal Processing. Some of the more prominent uses for DSP in communications are; local area networks, cell pho...
Presently the Sethusamudram Channel Project has been put on hold; but in this service paper presumes that this project is still being implemented.
The 802.11 standard is complex and contains numerous concepts that could be abused. It supports up to 14 different channels in the 2.4 gigahertz spectrum, though only 11 of those are usable in the United S...
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The world has gone through a lot of changed as time passes by. With advancements in the technological field people are can communicate with ones from around the world without having to even lift a finger. To make things more efficient and more cost saving industries have made technology wireless. Wireless technology gives people the chance to get up from their stationary computer, or cord phone and able to freely move without restrictions. The IT, or Information Technology has become a standard and very critical part of today’s society. Wireless technology came from the basic just cellular usage to sensors in the medical field. Wires are now a thing of the past in today’s world with forever revitalizing technology.
When looking at wireless communications, there are many standards to discuss as there are so many types all used for different purposes. I am going to talk about a range of communications used for different ways to communicate; for example Bluetooth can be used to send files between mobile devices. Cellular broadband, which is used on mobile phones and tablets to be able to access the internet while out of reach of a Wi-Fi signal. I will also look at satellite, which can be used to provide Internet to remote areas and Wi-Fi which is widely used to access Internet and local networks without having to have a physical connection. I will finally assess WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) that is used to provide Internet over a large distance.
When electronic devices transfer information to another electronic device, the devices need to know when data flow is beginning and ending. This is done with signals for synchronization.i
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People in the present society have turned from the use of the old means of communication to the more advanced and technological ways of communicating. Technology has made it easier for people to communicate in a faster, efficient, and cost saving means through the introduction of the communication channels. The world has turned out to be the centre for technology with different technologies emerging daily as the people continue to develop from time to time to cope with the growing technology. The benefits of adopting the communication technology are explained in this article which shows why people do not function without technology.