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global harmonisation of accounting standards
what are the implications of globalization for international business enterprises
what are the implications of globalization for international business enterprises
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Globalization might influence in economic and political aspects. Moreover, globalization of business has closed connection with accountancy practices in many viewpoints. In particularly, the effect of globalization of business on accountancy practices presents both great opportunities and significant challenges. However, the greatest challenges are time, distance and comparability of financial report which influences the role of accounting practices. Additionally, accountancy practices have modified by globalization of business, because accountants are required to work cooperatively with colleagues those who work in foreign firms. Therefore, the great differences of time and distance which is barriers for accountancy practices in many countries over the world. These obstacles happen in communication for exchanging information of contracts between companies. As a result, accountants should access and deal with the development of new information technology and communication technologies in order to reduce the distance aspects and improve the problem of time differences between countries (Oliver, 2010, p. 603) when working in the financial contracts over national borders. Globalization has impacted business in many aspects …show more content…
The significant effects are time, distance and comparability of financial statement. The financial statements or the capital markets over national frontiers might be changed by time and distance aspects. Therefore, accountancy practices should be applied the development of new information technology for dealing with the distance aspects and improving the problem in different of time when working over national frontiers. Moreover, the methods in accountancy practices have changed from traditional approach to the active method. Furthermore, the globalisation of accounting standards is established as a common accounting language that is effective across national
Olusegun Wallace, R. 1996. The Development of Accounting Research in the UK. In: Cooke, T. and Nobes, C. eds. 1997. The Development of Accounting in an International Context. London: Routledge, pp. 218-254.
In the world of international finance there are two major accounting systems; GAAP, which stands for Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, and IFRS, which stands for International Financial Reporting Standards. The United States prefers GAAP while the European market, as well as many other countries, prefers IFRS. By 2015 the Securities Exchange Commission is anticipating a total transfer to IFRS in the United States. Though the differences between GAAP and IFRS are few, they could affect accuracy of financial reporting throughout the world. It is important to understand the differences and similarities between both GAAP and IFRS if one is to globalize ones market (Logue).
For several years, many countries of the world have had its own set of accounting standards and norms; nevertheless, in view of the fact many organizations turned global, the workload to report financial statements increased significantly. Not on...
This paper will discuss the information found in the financial statements such as, balance sheet, income statement, statement of cash flows, and statement of stockholders’ equity. The financial statements will show the relation to planning, controlling, and decision making. Also, the paper will discuss some the reports and ratios that can be developed by analyzing the statements. The statements mostly used by managerial accounting are: budgets, forecast, variance reports, and ratios to name a few.
While accountants, who are usually trained to be more conservative in accounting for assets and liabilities, would like to make more reliable recognition (in my opinion, would prefer historical cost method), corporate management and investors may want more relevant information in order to make strategic or investment decision. Due to the conflicts of different parties’ needs, the choice between two accounting models may continue. Still, in addition to the choice of accounting model, the issue of information overload is getting more attention than before. Besides reliability and relevance of financial information, selection of information and the way to present it for users also matters since these factors affect the users’ ability to effectively utilize the
Management accountants use their skills to help with decisions that help a business make good decisions so they company will be valuable and in an ethical manner. They assess risk and implement strategy through planning, budgeting, and forecasting. Now managerial accounts have become critical with their analysis while managing a business. They do more than provide financial information they also have an active role in the business. Over the years managerial accountants has changed and now provide nonfinancial information. They can help a business achieve their goals. Today there is many things that is influencing how managerial accountants do their job with the emergence of e-business. They can use their knowledge to streamline the e-business (Hilton,2008). Now global competition has new challenges for managerial accounts because trade agreements can affect the way the business performs abroad. Gillet (n.d) said, “To be competitive, manufacturers must keep up
Accounting systems in Saudi Arabia was shown to be imported from developed countries. Although in Saudi Arabia, the accounting principle and structures were primarily constructed from Western countries, the new accounting system has been reformed to adapt the unique Saudi Arabian environment. The various factors might explain how the new accounting system emerges. This paper will analyze how the three main factors-economy environment, taxation policies and foreign accounting standards and principles affect accounting systems in Saudi Arabia.
In 2008, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued a road map for the United States (US) to implement International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) that would eventually lead to the dissolution of US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (US GAAP) (Cox 2008). US GAAP is rules based system of accounting that contains over 25,000 detailed pages of guidance, whereas IFRS is a principles based system of accounting that contains 2,500 pages of guidance. IFRS allows accountants to exercise professional judgment when making many decisions. This paper will compare and contrast US GAAP with IFRS on Intermediate Accounting Topics.
So it appears that there would be some advantages for many aspects, such as accounting quality, when applying IFRS into various countries. Because IFRS would be able to exclude different options of accounting from national accounting standards which could reduce the divergence of management.[ Ahmed, A. S., Neel, M., & Wang, D. (2013). Does mandatory adoption of IFRS improve accounting quality? Preliminary evidence. Contemporary Accounting Research, 30(4), 1344-1372.](Ahmed, Neel & Wang, 2013) This change is likely to be more advantageous for more users, preparers and auditors to make their economic decisions. (Ramanna & Sletten, 2009)[ Ramanna, K., & Sletten, E. (2009). Why do countries adopt international financial reporting standards?. Harvard Business School Accounting & Management Unit Working Paper, (09-102).] Therefore, these expectations of changes would be beneficial for their local economic
Many corporations weather US or Global; big or small, public or private, have adopted different accounting practices which have consequences to business owners, investors stockholders, managers and corporations. Over recent years, many countries are gearing towards and trying to converge the two practices between International Financial Reporting Standards as one standard to allow simplified financial reporting and eliminating the need for conversion. The International Accounting Standards Boards (IASB) is trying to bridge the gap between these two accounting standards into one
IFRS are developed and published to promote the use of those IFRS in universal purpose financial statements and other financial reporting. General purpose financial statements are directed towards the common data needs of wide range of users. As it turns out, have different national accounting system is expensive for companies and investors. Companies need to keep a copy of the accounting system, and investors will be cautious about buying shares in the Corporation accounts they do not understand. This problem arises because accounting guidelines have developed over the centuries in which there are different needs from one another, the economy and the means of regulating.
The stereotypical image correlated to the account mirrors that of a public accountant. An individual working as a public accountant can expect to work as an independent third party to a multitude of companies. As this third party it is their duty to oversee financial transactions to ensure that the statements of not only the company, but also its’ supporting companies, correctly correspond and match up to the position, results and cash-flow of the clientele. This general quota outlining a public accountants job description is not the same for a private accountant. The main difference between a public and private accountant is that unlike the public and its handle on a multitude of accounts, a private accountant specializes with a certain company or field. With this specialization, a private accountant tackles setting up a system that records the transactions within the business. The recordation of the transactions is then generated into statem...
Instead of setting guidelines for industry-specific reporting, IFRS offers standard guidance for the preparation of financial statements. By improving the international comparability and quality of financial data, these standards bring transparency in financial reporting and enable investors and other users of financial statements to make an informed economic decision. IFRS promotes comparability and harmonization. It is essential for the accounting practices in various nations to be coordinated particularly with regards to the multinational organizations that put resources in various
The major characters of the tradition audit are all information what is needed by auditors are on the paper and the manual calculators and without high communication technology. Auditors usually were limited by the place in the paper time. When a several people are working on the same auditing project for a client with offices in cities across the country, even worldwide, it takes a lots all time those auditors get the information which they need from the client, even there is risk paper information disappear for many reasons. on the another hand, mail paper information increase the auditing cost. The mistake caused by the manual calculators inevitably, no matter how fixed auditors concentrate on recalculate is, after all auditors are human. The global business become major in the modern business world, some example, several auditors who are in different locations are working a same auditing project, or auditors are in different city even country with the client, when there is issue among these auditors or between auditors and client, they only can communicate with each other by phone or be together and have meeting. Phone call can not make sure information been watched in the same time when the voice is talking about the issue, but having a meeting takes time and money make all people together, it increases auditing cost.
The following essay aims to analyse in depth a computerised accounting system and its aspects such as its history, what technologies is based on, and how it has developed since its beginning. Other aspects such as the current state of the system and the interactions with other systems and the future of the system will also be covered in this paper.