HPE 1 ASSIGNMENT 2 ID: 663656
QUESTION 1
The study addresses the impact of dietary acculturation on the rates of obesity among the migrant communities in Logan, South-East Queensland. Dietary acculturation is a result of migration and involves the adoption of nutritional behaviours and dietary practices of the host countries by the migrants (1). It has been associated with an increased incidence of obesity and diabetes among the migrants. (2). This study looks at the information nutrition needs of African and Pacific Islander communities in Logan.
Stakeholders includes anyone with a “stake” in an evaluation or study (3). In this study, relevant stakeholders were the migrant communities mainly the African and Pacific Islanders. Other stakeholders included the local council officials in health and social services, organizations working within the government health sector in Logan, Non-Governmental Organizations, and the Logan-Beaudesert Place Based Initiative of Queensland Health.
The study targeted migrant community members living in the Logan Region in Queensland. The participants were migrants from Africa (Congo, Ethiopia, Burundi and Sudan), and the Pacific Islanders (Samoa, Cook Islands, Tonga and the New Zealand (the Maori)).
QUESTION 2
A “front-end” evaluation is described as a “nothing to something” or approach of developing a program from the scratch (4). It is carried out at the start of a program when developing the themes. It involves generating input from the targeted population on their existing knowledge, their expectations and preparing to present such information so that it can be easily interpreted. A front-end evaluation involves conducting a baseline-needs assessment, utilisation of research and literature revi...
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... Dietary Patterns of South Asian Immigrants. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(2):1-6.
2. Yarova LA, Krassen Covan E, Fugate-Whitlock E. Effect of Acculturation and Health Beliefs on Utilization of Health Care Services by Elderly Women Who Immigrated to the USA From the Former Soviet Union. Health Care for Women International. 2013;34(12):1097-115.
3. Hawthorne G. Introduction to Health Program Evaluation: Centre for Health Program Evaluation; 2000. 26 -33 p.
4. Owen JM. Program evaluation : forms and approaches / by John M. Owen: St Leonards, N.S.W. : Allen & Unwin, 2006.
3rd ed.; 2006.
5. Owen JM, Alkin MC. Program Evaluation: Forms and Approaches: Guilford Press; 2007.
6. Williams E, Harris N. Understanding the nutrition information needs of migrant communities: the needs of African and Pacific Islander communities of Logan, Queensland. Public Health Nutrition. 2011;14(6):989-94.
However, some generalizations can be made to help provide culturally competent care to this group of people. One of the most significant factors of culture for Pacific Islanders is family. Family help care for each other and the family should be included in health care decisions. Health is viewed as being in balance and harmony, and illness viewed as an imbalance. Prayer is important aspect of health and healing. Traditionally, in the Pacific Islander culture having a very large body was a sign of health, wealth, and prestige. Just like many cultures food is used in ceremonies and social function. Certain foods are associated with the ethnic identity of the Pacific Islander cultures, these include: breadfruit, green bananas, yams, fruit, fish and coconuts to name a few (Sobralske, 2006, p.
Licina, Dunja, and Arunachalam Dharmalingam. "Cultural and Economic Adaptation of Sudanese Refugee Migrants in Melbourne: A Dandenong Case Study." N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2013. .
If conducted well, the participant-oriented approach can offer the buy-in needed to remove the stigma of the evaluation process. Using this approach can provide stakeholders “with self knowledge and skills and an understanding of the power arrangements concerning their program and their locality” (Fitzpatrick et al., 2011, p.201). As stated by Cousins and Earl (1992) using key personnel capable of making decisions and who have a strong connection to the program can augment the usefulness and promote the actual use of the evaluation. It can also promote trust in the process and serve to remove any political stigma that may arise.
There are significant health disparities that exist between Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Australians. Being an Indigenous Australian means the person is and identifies as an Indigenous Australian, acknowledges their Indigenous heritage and is accepted as such in the community they live in (Daly, Speedy, & Jackson, 2010). Compared with Non-Indigenous Australians, Aboriginal people die at much younger ages, have more disability and experience a reduced quality of life because of ill health. This difference in health status is why Indigenous Australians health is often described as “Third World health in a First World nation” (Carson, Dunbar, Chenhall, & Bailie, 2007, p.xxi). Aboriginal health care in the present and future should encompass a holistic approach which includes social, emotional, spiritual and cultural wellbeing in order to be culturally suitable to improve Indigenous Health. There are three dimensions of health- physical, social and mental- that all interrelate to determine an individual’s overall health. If one of these dimensions is compromised, it affects how the other two dimensions function, and overall affects an individual’s health status. The social determinants of health are conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age which includes education, economics, social gradient, stress, early life, social inclusion, employment, transport, food, and social supports (Gruis, 2014). The social determinants that are specifically negatively impacting on Indigenous Australians health include poverty, social class, racism, education, employment, country/land and housing (Isaacs, 2014). If these social determinants inequalities are remedied, Indigenous Australians will have the same opportunities as Non-Ind...
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders have some of the worst health outcomes in comparison to any other indigenous community in the world (AIHW, 2011). According to United Nations official Anand Grover, Aboriginal health conditions are even worse than some Third World countries (Arup & Sharp, 2009), which is astonishing, considering Australia is one of the worlds wealthiest countries. Thoroughly identifying the causes and analysing every aspect behind poor health of indigenous Australians, and Australian health in general, is near impossible due to the complexity and abundant layers of this issue. Even within the category of social determinants, it is hard to distinguish just one factor, due to so many which interrelate and correspond with each other. The aim of this essay is to firstly identify and analyse components of the social determinants of health that impact the wellbeing of Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders, and demonstrate how they overlap with each other. By analysing the inequalities in health of Aboriginal and non-indigenous Australians, positive health interventions will then be addressed. Racism and the consequences it has on Indigenous health and wellbeing will be discussed, followed by an analysis of how and why social class and status is considered a determining factor when studying the health of the Aboriginal population. The issue relating ...
[6] “What Is Making Pacific Islanders Fat?” USA Today [Mclean, VA] 9 May 2004: n. pag.USA Today. Web. 20 Apr. 2013.
The Canadian Food Guide1 is an important health promotion tool, as long as it is adapted to the sociocultural context in which it is used. This is crucial for the First Nations, which are struggling with health problems related to nutrition and whose traditional eating habits must be taken into account2. Drawing deeply into their values and culture, Atikamekw health services have developed their own Food Guide (AFG) in 1998. For ten years, it was the main tool used by health workers to teach basic principles of healthy eating.
West, S. L., & O'Neal, K. K. (2004). Project D.A.R.E. outcome effectiveness revisited. American Journal of Public Health. doi:10.2105/AJPH.94.6.1027
Pobutsky PhD*, Ann M. Micronesian Migrants in Hawaii:Health Issues and Culturally Appropriate, Community-Based Solutions. Publication. 4th ed. Vol. 3. Californian Journal of Health Promotion, 2005. Web. 18 May 2010. .
The action plan would be to promote and advocate healthy lifestyle practices by having well qualified public health professional reach the youth. Public health professionals have to be up to date on the latest ways to educate the community. This may be with the use of current technology. Peer education would be a great way to get the youth active. They can teach their fellow peers what they learned in the program. They can also help plan workshops and activities. The evaluation would be done with the use of assessments and the overall improvement of health since attending the
Zhao, M., Esposito, N., & Wang, K. (2010). Cultural beliefs and attitudes toward health and health care among Asian-born women in the United States. JOGNN: Journal Of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 39(4), 370-385. doi:10.1111/j.1552-6909.2010.01151.x
An individual’s culture and belief may significantly impact the type of services they require. In addition, it may affect the time, place, and method in the delivery of health care
The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples have been the first nations, which represented the whole Australian population, for centuries. However, the continuous European colonization has severely affected these peoples and, over the decades, their unique values and cultures, which enriched the life of Australian nation and communities, were not respected and discriminated by numerous restrictive policies. As a result, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples have turned into the voiceless minority of the Australian population. Fortunately, in recent years, these issues became the concern of the Australian government, promoting a slight improvement in the well being of native Australians. Nowadays, there are numerous social work
Furthermore program evaluations also focus on program delivery, functions, inputs and outputs of a program.
Timmreck, T. C. (2003). Planning, program development, and evaluation: A handbook for health promotion, aging, and health services. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett.