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Health promotion messages on immunization
Social economic and cultural factors that impact immunisation programs
Vaccination and its effect on public health
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Recommended: Health promotion messages on immunization
INTRODUCTION
Immunization is one of the most powerful tools available to improve public and global health. In sub-Saharan Africa immunizations form the basis of primary health care activities, it is the most important and sometimes the only activity in primary health care that brings mothers and children into repeated contact with the health system (Shirley, 1999).
Immunisation services have also been used in sub-Saharan Africa to establish a basis for other health care activities where these are lacking, for example distribution of Insecticide Treated Nets, provision of antenatal care and family planning services (Ehreth, 2003).By combining three innovative preventative approaches, it was hoped that would contribute to reduce maternal and child mortality rates hence achievement of Millennium Development Goals 4 and 5.
Despite these impressive arrangements governments of Benin, Burkina Faso and Côte d’Ivoire fail to keep up with routine immunization and antenatal care services and many parents fail to immunize their children. Vaccination coverage has now reached a plateau even where good coverage has been attained; reaching children not yet vaccinated has proved difficult (EPI, 1998). In Expanded Programme on Immunization, maintenance management of equipments (vehicles and cold chain tools) is always the bottleneck and this is so at every single level (central-regional-district-service delivery point). Thus, there is an urgent need to find ways to increase vaccination coverage and particularly to encourage parents to have their children vaccinated (Jheeta & Newell, 2008)
According to the review on immunization coverage best estimates realized by WHO/UNICEF(2010),Benin, Burkina Faso and Côte d’Ivoire have low performance le...
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... Africa, 2009) .
Immunization is both cost-effective and life-saving and it “benefits all people, not only through improvements in health and life expectancy but also through its social and economic impact at the global, national and community level” (WHO, 2007).The rationale for this study comes from a practical need to improve immunization services by isolation of innovative practices that are being used in Benin, Burkina Faso and Côte d'Ivoire. The study will identify barrier factors such as health system, financing, social economic, access and cultural which have both direct and indirect impacts on immunization services. Lastly we will highlight the common strategies used in communication for immunization services in the community.This is part of Agence de Médicine Préventive (AMP) ADVocancy for IMmunization (ADVIM) project which aims to develop advocacy.
There are no poor children in Africa; yet, there are billions of poor individuals over the world. According to the World Bank, “over one billion people live in extreme (or absolute) poverty, that is, on less than $ 1 a day. Extreme poverty occurs in countries in the Third (or developing) World” (Cannon 208). In comparison to other countries in the Third World, Africa has the greatest proportion of its popularity are children, who are living in extreme poverty. Due to the inevitable existence of
the thin lining of the brain called the meninges and the cerebrospinal fluid. It has been implicated in meningitis outbreaks as far back as the 1600s and is the major causative strain of epidemics in Africa. Bacterial meningitis is a major public health burden especially in the semi -arid region of Africa called the African Meningitis Belt which has a population of over 300 million people with majority, living below the poverty line. In the United States, Incidence is on the decline with the introduction
Problem Meningitis is believed to have existed since ancient times (Mandal, 2012), and the World Health Organization (2014) continues to regard it as a global public health risk even to this present day, with the disease becoming so prominent in sub-Saharan Africa that the area itself has been dubbed “the meningitis belt”. Meningitis is a worldwide problem that demands attention and solutions. Meningitis is a disease that specifically affects the membranes of the brain and spinal cord, otherwise known
1.1 Statement of the Problem The problems of formal health services and the challenges in sub-Saharan Africa have been widely documented. Findings from other current studies reveal a myriad of failures in the supply and demand side of health services. Access to formal services is also impinged by distance and financial factors; service quality is extremely very poor and is highly characterized by drug and staff shortages, lack of political commitment, poor infrastructure and negligence among health
Writing in the National Academies Press (US), researchers in Committee to Review Adverse Effects of Vaccines (Stratton K, Ford A, Rusch E, et al.) states that “Even if immunization does prove risky for certain children, withholding the vaccine could pose a greater threat. Vaccine-preventable diseases can be particularly severe or even fatal for patients with metabolic disorders”. (National Academies Press 2010) The committee
Further genetic testing can reveal the exact genotype, such as hemoglobin electrophoresis and high performance liquid chromatography (5). Following precautions should be taken in newly diagnosed SCD patients, usually newborns; including: regular immunizations, antibiotic prophylaxis (protection prior to infection onset), and family education (5). It is recommended that all sicknesses experienced be treated aggressively due to the nature of recurrent infections and comorbidities suffered by these patients
Introduction Malnutrition is a global challenge in low-income and middle-income countries particularly in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia (Shetty, 2002, Black, et al., 2008). More than ten million children under five years of age die annually worldwide and percentage of child deaths in sub-Saharan Africa is approximately 41% and another 34% in south Asia (Black, et al., 2003). It was estimated that more than 50% of these child deaths could be attributed to the potentiating effects of malnutrition
In Africa, there are many issues that are prevalent in everyday life. The reality of having dirty water supply is something that the civilians have to deal with on an everyday bases. Without clean water their is no way for a person survive. Also, people are getting sick due to the contaminated water. Parents are watching their children die and have no way to help or stop the tragedies. Through out the years their has been progress, but it is something that needs to be addressed and needs to be fixed
The Federal Democratic republic of Ethiopia is a sub-Saharan Africa nation with an approximated population of 97 million. With a land size of 1,104,300 km2, it makes up most of the peninsula known as the horn of Africa in north eastern Africa (CIA, 2014). Unlike most African nations Ethiopia was not colonised by western countries, apart from a short Italian occupation from 1936 – 1941. Ethiopia has a long history of famines with the most recent lasting from 1983 – 1985 (Milkias, 2010). Amongst some
South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa have the lowest rates of deliveries attended by health professionals. The rates were 49% and 50 % in 2012.” Figure three showed, “Percentage of infants aged 0-5 months, who were breastfed from 2000-2012. This figure suggests there is a strong correlation between breastfeeding and good health. Breastfeeding is one of the strongest defenses against disease. Consequently, only a few are ever breastfed. The progress of breastfeeding in West and Central Africa is low.” Figure
your hospitals located in South Africa have failed the annual healthcare facility inspection, examined by our organization inspectors last week. The inspection involved three health inspectors, where they were assigned in three different hospitals; each inspector observed the healthcare workers for 24 hours. All three hospitals have failed to comply with the proper needle handling method, demonstrating potential hazard can occur to both staff and patients in South Africa. Throughout this analytical report
Diseases in Third World Countries Nowadays, infectious diseases are responsible for more than 13 million deaths a year; over the next hour alone, 1 500 people will die from an infectious disease, and over half of them will be children under five. In developing countries, one over two deaths is caused by an infectious disease. In this essay I will talk about the main diseases responsible for deaths in third world countries, what helps to eradicate them and what are the obstacles to this eradication
many LDC's, such as South Africa, Latin America, South and Southeast Asia. These infectious diseases are also increasingly affecting Russia, China, Europe and the United States. The economic costs of infectious diseases, most notably HIV/AIDS and malaria, are having a significantly heavy affect on productivity, profitability, and foreign investment. This will lead to growing GDP losses, that could reduce GDP by as much as 20 percent or more by 2010 in some Sub-Saharan African countries, according
the extreme where the article also stated “22,000 children die each day due to poverty”, which has a serious affect on the world’s population (2015). According to the article “Quick Facts about Poverty”, 80% of the global poor are located at Sub-Saharan Africa and also South Asia (2015). As stated in the article “Only Business Can End Poverty” by Mal Warwick, “private
In Nelson Mandela 's book, Long Walk to Freedom, he stated the following: “When a man is denied the right to live the life he believes in, he has no choice but to become an outlaw.” Throughout history, we 've been faced with both oppression and anarchy. When oppression is forced upon society, your taking away not only their freedom, but ability to live life to the fullest and truly be happy (Sabino). On the other hand, many argue that an anarchy equals chaos, although, history proves otherwise. We