The purpose of this experiment was to identify the impact of varying temperature on the metabolic rate of M.musculus. It can be drawn from the results of this experiment that temperature does appear to have a significant effect on metabolic rate of M. musculus. The results of this experiment are consistent with general concepts of animal physiology. These include that within the thermoneutral zone of an endotherm, metabolic rate remains constant (Figure 1). When the environmental temperature is outside of the thermoneutral zone, adjustments are made behaviorally and metabolically (Anderson et al., 2008). As the temperature decreases below thermoneutrality, the rate of heat loss increases accordingly; and the mass-specific metabolic rate must increase to compensate for this fact. As the temperature increases, the thermoneutral zone of M. musculus is surpassed and metabolic rate increases (Figure 1). Homeothermic endotherms in North America experience a wide variety of temperatures out of their thermoneutral zone and accordingly, their metabolic rates must adjust by acclimatization (Anderson et al., 2008). It would be expected that M. musculus would be able to acclimatize during the winter and summer seasons while living in North America as these temperatures are relatively close to the temperatures used in this experiment (mean=22.05°C, mean= 5°C, respectively) (US Department Of Commerce).
A similar study was performed on M. musculus in another experiment in which the metabolic rate was measured under two temperatures (5◦C and 25◦C) (Lynch et al., 1999). In order to compare the results, the metabolic rates at the separate temperatures of both studies were compared respectively. Their results were similar to the results from this e...
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...tion occurs by increasing the metabolic rate when climate temperature is outside of the thermoneutral zone.
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In the following experiment, we will attempt to examine the relationship between metabolic rate and environmental temperature in both an ectoderm and an endotherm. I predict that for the ectotherm, the metabolic rate will increase as the outside environment temperature will increase. I also predict that the metabolic rate in the endotherm will remain relatively the same as the outside environment temperature changes. I also make the prediction that the ectotherm will have much lower metabolic rates than the endotherm.
The Effect of Temperature on an Enzyme's Ability to Break Down Fat Aim: To investigate the effect of temperature on an enzyme’s (lipase) ability to break down fat. Hypothesis: The graph below shows the rate increasing as the enzymes get closer to their optimum temperature (around 35 degrees Celsius) from room temperature. The enzyme particles are moving quicker because the temperature increases so more collisions and reactions occur between the enzymes and the substrate molecules. After this the graph shows the rate decreasing as the enzymes are past their optimum temperature (higher than). They are getting exposed to temperatures that are too hot and so the proteins are being destroyed.
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This is because the different types of training, racing, transport, breed and temperament can produce variations in blood constituents levels (Assenza, et al. 1996). However, only few researches studied the responses during a specific training period (McGowan, et al.,2002). Although the changes occur after exercise were poorly studied so the aim of this research was planned to evaluate the modifications of some physiological and heamatochemical parameters occurring after exercised thoroughbred horse at different interval of rest in order to assess their relationship to the standard
Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald Audesirk, and Bruce E. Byers. Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, 2011. 268-69. Print.
The circadian rhythm is a predictable pattern that a species follows during a twenty-four-hour cycle. Circadian rhythms of species are associated with the external cues, which can be factors like sunlight, moisture, and temperature. When mammals are presented with an environment that does not have many external cues, the expectations are that there would be a weak or no evidence of a circadian rhythm. Contrary to this expectation, subterranean rodents have shown evidence of circadian rhythm, even though the environment they live in has few external cues. Prior scientific research done by other scientists indicated that the rodents acted in a predictable manner due to heat regulation against the hot and cold. In this study, the authors looked at the Ansell’s mole-rat (Fukomys anselli) to better understand whether social or environmental cues were more important in the creation of the circadian rhythm. Through this experiment, the authors attempted to answer five questions: is there a noticeable circadian rhythm that Fukomys anselli follows, is the circadian rhythm emerging due to the temperature of the environment, is the circadian rhythm emerging due to social effects, are Fukomys
...oney, Andrew A. and Daniel B. Pickford. 1995. Organisation versus Activation: The role of Endocrine-disrupting Contaminants (EDCS) during Embryonic Development in wildlife. Environmental Health Perspective’s. 103 (Suppl 7): 157-164.
The last interval of the systematically animal production is transport and slaughter of local animals which is produced of the best quality meat. Throughout of the pre-slaughter time, although, different types of stresses are shown in local animals that these stresses are dealing by human, different environmental situation, trip, starving and thirst. In Lairage duration, furthermore, many factors may influence to recapture rate of animals such as the time of lairage, non-exist of starving, privation water and ecological status. However, the stresses of lairage increase of grange animal through the consequence of dehydrate of food and water deprivation. Some components of blood are changed in animal body in lairage period due to theses stresses like lactate dehydrogenase, glucose and phosphocreatine kinase ( Ekiz,2012).
It was placed on a slide, a couple drops of water was placed on the slide to keep it moisturized. Next, we used a microscope to observe the heart beating in the transparent animal. According to the lab report on page 98 the normal heartbeats are about 350 per minute. By using a pencil and paper, we made a small dash for every heartbeat over a 15 second interval. Than we continued to repeat the observation of the heartbeats 3 more times for a total of 4 observations. We than totaled up the number of dashes and calculated the average of the four 15 second observations, this was labeled “Normal Heart Rate” on Table 1. Next we added 1 drop of an “unknown” solution that was assigned, we made sure to determine the average normal heart rate before doing do. The same procedure outlined above was conducted. The records were than placed in table 1. We than used water in replace of the unknown solution. The same procedure was conducted, we analyzed whether the Daphnia had recovered or not. Lastly our records were compared among our
...the effects of manipulating the fatty acids in the stomach of the animals Fu et al (2003)3.
Most of living things on earth have the ability to survive on climatic variation, thus possess a vital characteristic which can perform that capability. Unfortunately, some animal only can live in specific environments because lack of adaptation ability in their genes. A regular frog only can survive in humid ambience because of their moist skin. If the frog is placed on a dessert, the probability of survival of the frog is very low and might end up dead. These phenomena not actually because of the frog’s dried skin, but the internal body system of the frog cannot function well in a hot and dry atmosphere. According to Akin (2011), the important aspect for every species to survive in various categories of biomes and aquatic environment is the capability to modify to external environment change and control a consistent internal body system and regulation. Homeostasis is a regulation of internal body environment through a feedback mechanism consist of a specific organ structure of the nervous and endocrine system (Bailey, n.d.). Examples of homeostatic processes in the body consist of temperature regulation, pH maintenance, fluid and electrolyte balance, blood pressure, and respiration. In this essay, we only cover the regulation of temperature or thermoregulation on animals. There are 4 distinct types of thermoregulation which include poikilotherm, homoeotherm, ectotherm and endotherm. Thermoregulation actually is the most vital and distinguishable form of homeostasis. Each type of enzymes within cells required optimal temperature internally to remain functional (Shmoop Editorial Team, 2008).