On February 12, 2009, a Colgan Airlines flight operating as Continental Connection Flight 3407 crashed two miles from the runway in Buffalo, New York, killing all fifty people aboard.. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) investigation that followed stunned the American public and identified the need to closely examine the regulations governing pilot training and pilot rest requirements, with a strong focus on regional airlines (Berard, 2010, 2). Currently, the United States government has passed HR 5900, which was titled the Airline Safety and Federal Aviation Administration Extension Act of 2010 and is now called Public Law 111-216 (Public Law 111-126, 2010, 3). The bill targets five focal points that will force the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to run an even safer operation. These focal points include creating a pilot record database, implementation of NTSB flight crewmember training recommendations, FAA rule making on training programs, pilot fatigue, and flight crewmember screening and qualifications (Berard, 2010, 4).
Creation of Pilot Record Data Base
Prior to this bill, airlines would hire pilots without checking their aviation background, simply because there was no way to do this. The bill requires the FAA to initiate the creation of a pilot records data base within 90 days of the signing of the bill. The data base will enable airlines seeking to hire a prospective pilot’s history immediately, via electronic access.
The bill requires the FAA to maintain a records data base only for hiring purposes. Information in the data base should include the pilot’s license, medical certificates, aircraft ratings, check rides, notices of disapproval, and other flight proficiency tests, and state motor veh...
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...February 2). NTSB – Aircraft Accident
Investigation. Retrieved October 3, 2010 from
http://www.ntsb.gov/publictn/2010/AAR1001.pdf
Public Law 111-126 (2010, August 1). Airline Safety and Federal Aviation Administration
Extension Act of 2010. Retrieved October 3, 2010, from
http://frwwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=111
Schumer Urges FAA Nominee to Reevaluate Criteria for Airline Training Manuals and
Examine Safety Concerns Related to Pilot Training, Compensation, and Rest.
(2009, May 19). Targeted News Service (2-4). Retrieved October 3, 2010 from
Research Library. (Document ID: 1723733931).
Subcommittee Looks at Pilot Fatigue: New flight duty and rest rule reviewed at hearing.
2010, September). Congressional Documents and Publications (3-4). Retrieved
October 3, 2010, from Research Library. (Document ID: 2139967201)
Financial records, library records, travel records, video rentals, phone records, medical records, and religious records can all be searched if the government states that the search is done to protect against terrorism. The act was passed after the 9/11 attack. Similarly to the Alien and Sedition Acts and the Espionage and Sedition Acts, the Patriot Act is a severe and controversial act passed in the wake of a severe and controversial event. This act is unconstitutional and disregards the personal liberties of the United States’ citizens.
On February 12th of 2009, Colgan Airlines flight 3407 operated for Continental Airlines crashed in Buffalo, New York in a rural neighborhood. This incident caused forty-five lives on the aircraft and one life on the ground to be lost due to pilot fatigue. The aircraft stalled on approach due to icing. Capt. Marvin Renslow and F.O. Rebecca Shaw, the pilots operating the flight, had slept in the crew room at the airport affecting their quality and length of sleep the previous night. This caused the pilots’ reaction to icing, a routinely encountered substance while flying, to be below standards and improper. According to the NTSB report, the probable cause of the incident was deemed pilot error. In the report, fatigue was noted as a large contributing factor to the incorrect response to the stall. This incident has sparked debate within the airline industry as to how much sleep pilots need. Airline pilot unions and pilots are pressing for less flying and more rest. However, unions and pilots alike have been voicing their opinions on pilot fatigue for decades on the issue, with no adequate response from Congress or the Federal Aviation Administration. With over twenty-eight thousand commercial flights per day in the United States carrying over one and a half million people, serious changes need to be mandated. Some of these changes have already come, but is that enough? Even though reducing the maximum number of hours pilots are allowed to be on duty would require more pilots, and cost more, pilots have less situational awareness when tired, endangering the lives aboard their aircraft, there is still no reliable method of testing fatigue, and .
The Southwest Airlines flight 1248 from Thurgood Marshall Airport, Baltimore to Chicago’s Midway International Airport was a scheduled passenger flight. On the day of 8th Dec, 2005, Boeing 737-700 carrying 98 passengers and 5 crew members on board overran while landing on a heavy snowstorm day in Chicago. The aircraft skidded off the runway and crashed into a car on the nearby street killing a 5 year old boy and injuring 4 people on ground and 18 passengers onboard.
It is very sad that it took two tragic and deadly accidents to make a significant change in the way aviation was regulated. The incidents that led to the creation of the bill that created the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 could have been prevented if safety precautions had been put in place sooner. Unfortunately, the aviation industry was only reactive rather than proactive when it came to airline safety. Nowadays, the private and commercial aviation safety is much more proactive and safety is the number one priority. FAA regulation has not only help aviation become one the top modes of transportation, but also one of the safest in the
In 1971 at an airport in Oregon DB cooper boarded northwest airlines flight 305, a Boeing 727 -051 in route to Seattle Washington. The flight had36 passengers, and 6 crew members. The flight’s pilot, Captain William Scott, 51, had been flying Northwest for 20 years also abroad was First Officer Robert “Bob” Rataczak; flight engineer Harold E. Anderson, and three flight attendants, Alice Hancock, Tina Mucklow, 22, and Florence Schaffner, 23 (Green).
The government must prove that the records are relevant and helpful in capturing a target first, but essentially the government can make a company give them private information.
Before the dreaded day of September 11, 2001, a person or persons flying could be escorted to their gate by family members and loved ones. The thought that a gun would or could be brought on board of an airplane and used as a means to hijack an airplane never crossed a passenger’s mind. Isaac Yeffet said, “After Lockerbie, everyone thought; now we’ve learned the lesson of how to be proactive instead of being reactive. Unfortunately, September 11 came and we know the result. Thousands of people lost their lives. Security totally failed, not at one airport, at three different airports around the country.” Due to the terrorist attacks on 9/11, the United States government decided airport security needed to be updated and become more stringent. These updates included a formation of TSA and Sky Marshalls, tighter security measures, and policy changes.
I had the opportunity to meet with Dee Laguerra for a few hours and learned so much about the Medical records side of our facility and its impact on healthcare organization. As Director of Health Information Management (HIM) she is responsible for many aspects of managing the medical record; which is a legal document. I did not realize how complex this department is and how vital this department is to the legal and financial position of the organization. Dee’s position as director is the responsibility for the collection, organizing, scanning, and completions of the medical records in a timely matter after the patient is discharged. The reason for the timeliness of scanning the medical records is for the preparation for the coders to review all the charts to code for insurance billing. The time requirement for th...
With the creation of this new branch of the federal government came many new rules and regulations regarding every aspect of the aviation industry. One of the first acts this branch passed was an act to establish the first air traffic control centers in the United States. These centers were intended to give air traffic control while planes are in the air going to their destination. In these centers people monitored the planes positions, and used telephones to talk with the pilots, and other important airport officials. Even though most of the aviation safety was the federal government's responsibility, around the 1930's state governments operated airport towers and the federal government continued to improve safety. Also during this time many airplane crashes caused the government to question if the department was doing a...
In addition to tracking cellular-telephone communication, agents can now subpoena Internet providers to surrender records of e-mails that they judge suspicious. This component of the law was significant, given that the men who hijacked the four planes on September 11 had communicated extensively about their plans via the Internet. The Patriot Act also sanctioned funds to triple the number of border-patrol agents and Immigration and Naturalization Service inspectors along the northern border.
At this point in time, the program had reached 1,064 employers and there were 559,815 reported cases. Fast forward to 2004, and it has been a year since Congress extended the life of the Basic Pilot Program until November 2008, and a new web-based access method was put into and it allowed people to access the program through any computer with internet, and it also included online enrollment, reporting capability, and 23 hours access. At this time, there was an enrollment of 3,478 employers and 757, 342 reported cases. In 2006 North Carolina passed the SB 1523 which required all state agencies, offices, and universities to use E-Verify which applied to all employees hired after January 1, 2007 but for local education agencies it did not go into effect until March 1, 2007. Three years after the extension of the program, in 2007 the Basic Pilot Program experienced greater improvements and was officially renamed E-Verify. Once the program was renamed, the additional features that were added were an automatic flagging system that double-checks data that was entered and it helped reduce data entry errors and mismatches by up to 30%, and photo matching was also added. For the 2007 record, 24,463 employers were enrolled and there were 3,271,871 reported cases. On June 6, 2008, President George W. Bush amended Executive Order 12989 requiring all federal contractors to verify eligibility employment of new hires using the E-Verify system which was scheduled to be in effect by January 15, 2009 but due to a lawsuit filed by multiple parties, the order was not official until September 8,
... potentially criminal. Similar to the collection of consumer data, the information gathered by the government is also subject to abuse by people who are granted access privilege. For example, in 2007, a federal agent was charged with using a government database to track the travel pattern of his ex-girlfriend (Lee).
Throughout the history of aviation, accidents have and will continue to occur. With the introduction of larger and more complex aircraft, the number of humans required to operate these complex machines has increased as well as, some say, the probability of human error. There are studies upon studies of aircraft accidents and incidents resulting from breakdowns in crew coordination and, more specifically, crew communication. These topics are the driving force behind crew resource management. This paper will attempt to present the concept of crew resource management (CRM) and its impact on aviation safety in modern commercial and military aviation. The concept is not a new one, but is continually evolving and can even include non-human elements such as computer-controlled limitations on aircraft maneuvers and the conflicts that result in the airline industry.
A governmental agency can track someone down if they put up information, that the government considers unacceptable.
The intent of this research is to provide the reader with insight on how Crew Resource Management (CRM) improves safety in aviation organizations. This research will also present how CRM establishes a set of guidelines, behavioral norms, and standard operational practices that enables an organization to utilize all resources available to conduct safe and efficient flight operations. CRM encompasses a wide range of knowledge, skills and attitudes including communications, situational awareness, problem solving, aeronautical decision-making, information management, and teamwork (Royal Aeronautical Society, 1999). CRM is also a synergistic approach to managing flight operations, and allows crews to dynamically multi-task and prioritize work efforts in order to conduct their operations more efficiently and safely. Over the last three decades, the NTSB, NASA, the FAA, ICAO, the military, and the airline industry have created CRM programs, and extensively researched and tested new and innovative ways to incorporate CRM with cockpit automation.