There are various eating disorders that plenty of people partake in currently within America. Most eating disorders focus on losing weight and maintaining a thin figure. According to the Office on Women’s Health, binge eating disorder is the most common eating disorder in the U.S. which affects about two percent of American adults (“Binge Eating Disorder Fact Sheet,” 2012). The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services defines binge eating is when a person frequently consumes a large amount of food. Although this disorder is most commonly found amongst people who are overweight, it can be found in a broad range of people with any weight (“Binge Eating Disorder Fact Sheet,” 2012). Binge eating disorder is a growing problem in America affecting college students both physically and mentally.
Robin F. Apple, clinical associate professor at Stanford University, suggest binge eaters consume nearly three times the recommended amount of calories by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration). Binge eaters consume approximately 6,000 calories of food a day versus the recommended daily calorie intake of 2,100 calories (Apple, 7). This could be the reason for them feeling overwhelmingly full after a session of binge eating. The feeling of being tremendously full is one sign a person binge eats. There are several signs that Natalie Chambers, editor of Binge Eating: Psychological Factors, Symptoms, and Treatment, writes about just as Apple includes in her book. Signs and symptoms of binge eating range from person to person and these signs must be present for at least three months for someone to be diagnosed with binge eating disorder. Symptoms include eating for approximately 78 minutes without stopping and continuously (Chambers, 24). B...
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Chambers, Natalie. Binge Eating: Psychological Factors, Symptoms and Treatment. New York: Nova Science, 2009. Print.
Goldschmidt, Andrea . “The Course Of Binge Eating From Adolescense To Young Adulthood.” Health Psychology 33.5 (2014): 457-460. PsycINFO. Web. 7 May 2014
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Some of the symptoms associated with Binge Eating Disorder are frequent episodes of consuming large amounts of food in a short period of time. A person uses the food to fill an empty void that they have and even though the food being consumed temporarily elevates them; Afterwards, a binger feels a sense of guilt, shame, or embarrassment. Due to consuming large amounts, a binger will eat in a secretive location away from others so they don’t feel judged by others. Sometimes a binger feels out-of-control or on auto-pilot when they begin there episode and also may not feel satisfied after bingeing. Binge Eating Disorder usually affects somebody who is overweight or obese, but people of regular weight can also be affected. (Smith, Segal, and J. Segal; February 2014)
It is normal to overeat from time to time, but when it comes to binge eating, the urge is persistent and seemingly uncontrollable and is usually accompanied by feelings of shame and guilt. Binge eating disorder, just like other mental disorders, is strongly linked to depression, low self-esteem, anxiety and stress. Persistent overeating also leads to obesity and other serious health conditions.
Binge eating has recently entered the eating disorder scene as a correlate to dietary restraint. It has been less recognized than anorexia and bulimia, but has been showing up and is being studied in developing countries. Binge eating has ...
Binge-eating disorder, previously known as compulsive eating disorder, is when a person overeats and keeps on eating even when they are completely full. That individual eats even when they are not hungry and become uncomfortably full. The person gets embarrassed and will tend to hide from their peers. They will eat in hiding. Social pressure for thinness. The difference between binge-eating disorder and bulimia is that binge-eating disorder lasts a whole day while bulimia lasts for a few hours. Just like bulimia, the person eats alone to avoid embarrassment and usually eats till it is painful. Stress is a huge factor that causes binge eating. There is two types of binge-eating disorder, first one being deprivation-sensitive binge eating.
In Andre Dubus’ The Fat Girl, Louise is a young adolescent with detrimental eating habits and broken self-esteem. Her lack of self-confidence stems from her atrocious emotional habitat. Louise receives constant criticism from her mother regarding her weight. Her mother states “If you are fat the boys won’t like you.” That kind of ridicule being said by a mother to her 9 year old daughter creates an atmosphere of self-hatred and self-loathing. It is not only her familial environment that contributes so greatly to Louise’s destructive behavior. She has few friends and the one’s she does have agree she needs to change. The society in which she lives also is a contributing factor; the society is laden with stigmas positioned on appearance. That manner of daily ridicule only introverts Louise even more, causing her secretive, binge eating to deteriorate. In research conducted by Ursula Polli-Potts PhD, Links between Psychological Symptoms and Disordered Eating behaviors in Obese Youths, she explains the correlation between psychological, emotional factors and eating disorders in overweight adolescents. Potts states, “The association between binge eating symptoms and eating in response to feelings of distress and sadness with depression/anxiety symptoms corresponds with the results of other studies.” Potts and her colleagues took overweight adolescents and placed them into control and variable groups to ensure correct data. The outcome of their research was that there is a direct correlation with emotional binge eating and psychological factors. Although more extensive research needs to be implemented, Potts and associates were pleased with the results of the case studies.
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Two psychological approaches/perspectives with reference to the critical issues of eating disorders to be discussed are the cognitive and psychodynamic approaches. There are several eating disorders and the most common two of them are Anorexia Nervosa involving the irrational fear of being extensively overweight and Bulimia Nervosa involving periods of binge eating when food is excessively eaten within a two hour period than would normally be eaten in that time. This paper will seek to understand and describe cognitive and psychodynamic approaches whilst also comparing and contrasting the differences between the two.
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Let’s start by defining what eating disorders are and who has them. Eating disorders are problems that are psychological in nature that result in inadequate or excessive food intake (Martini, Nath, Bartholomew, 2012). Eating disorders are a group of very serious conditions that leaves the affected so completely preoccupied with food and weight that they can focus on hardly anything else (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2014). Examples of the main types of eating disorders are anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder. The majority of people suffering from eating disorders are female; however males can also be affected. Males are the exception to the rule when it comes to binge-eating disorder; it appears almost as many males as females are affected (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2014). Eating disorders are usually diagnosed in adolescence (Newman & Newman 2012). Eating disorder detection has a broad age range, however most are between ages eleven and twenty (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2014).
Shapiro, C. M. (2012). Eating disorders: Causes, diagnosis, and treatments [Ebrary version]. Retrieved from http://libproxy.utdallas.edu/login?url=http://site.ebrary.com/lib/utdallas/Doc?id=10683384&ppg=3
Through various observations and assumptions, there have been conversations on whether or not overconsumption of food is an addiction. However, many have come to the conclusion that food is an addiction if it is overconsume excessively than it is necessary for an individual’s diet. Nevertheless, food addiction can create health issues that can affect an individual’s body. Even though, many individual may have such knowledge of overconsumption of food; however, many may choose to ignore the consequences that comes with food addiction. Becoming a food addict is harmful and dangerous to an individual’s health.
Eating disorders are a serious health problem. Personal Counseling & Resources says that eating disorders "are characterized by a focus on body shape, weight, fat, food, and perfectionism and by feelings of powerlessness and low self-esteem." Three of the most common eating disorders are anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating or compulsive eating disorder. According to Anorexia Nervosa and Related Eating Disorders, a person with anorexia "refuses to maintain normal body weight for age and height" and "weighs 85 percent or less than what is what is expected for age and height." A person diagnosed with bulimia has several ways of getting rid of the calories such as binge eating, vomiting, laxative misuse, exercising, or fasting. The person might have a normal weight for their age and height unless anorexia is present. The signs of a compulsive eater include eating meals frequently, rapidly, and secretly. This person might also snack and nibble all day long. The compulsive eater tends to have a history of diet failures and may be depressed or obese (Anred.com).