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Forms of assessment in education
Short note on Gardner's theory of multiple intelligence
Gardner theory intelligences
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We motivate our students by the attitude we give them. Our three mindsets are; middle, fixed, and growth. Middle mindset is having the correct attitude toward learning. We must work hard for our grades and work hard to learn. Fixed mindset is the trap that most kids fall into. They feel as though they need to look smart all the while effort is bad. They think the ability should come natural but when they approach ditches in the road kids feel the need to hide their mistakes or setbacks. Growth mindset is the ultimate goal; everything we do we learn from and have the desire to learn. These type of student know that setback are normal. They want to over excel. This video also looked into praise. Two aspects of praise is intelligence: “you’re …show more content…
On each subject he has his own opinion on the way education should address them. The first, is the importance of engaging students actively in what they are studying. Gardner suggests that students need to rewrite the question and answer in their own words so they relate to the information. I agree with this because the information I remember is subjects that I either care about or affect me, otherwise the information is forgotten in two years.
The characteristics of student-directed learning often consists of memorizing. Tests they cram for instead of learning while studying the whole time through. Gardner suggests for an example; a paper a student needs to gather research by himself and learn about the subject through discovery. This is hands on experiencing which every student needs to learn how to and problem solve.
The theory of multiple intelligences hits on strengths and specialities of each student. How do we specialize in all students learning? The answer to that lies in the teacher knowing her students. A how to do or use can be hands on but doesn’t always affect or teach all the students the same. Technology use for the multiple intelligences should be used through interaction. Tests that contain short answer the students don’t always actually need to know the answer, they can always use deductive reasoning which yes, is a quality to have but all they while isn’t
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In school as teachers we know what we want our students to learn and want to be. In sports or music they evaluate themselves based on their performance or expression. I thought this was an obvious point. I have taken a lot of art and musics as well as advanced courses and I don’t think this is really a point that needs to be addressed, both my classes has regulated around own evaluation.
Gardner presents the need for a new approach to assessment in schools. Some of his good examples was, assessment schemes, political commitment, the need for consistency and continued feedback. I think all of these points hit head on for a new approach but he never answers what exactly we are going to do to hit all these assessments in school using each point. Ultimately what needs to happen in order for long-standing change to occur in public education is;
Howard Gardner used to define intelligence as “the ability to solve problems or to create products that are valued within one or more cultural settings” (Gardner 33). The modern day human being would most likely include the words “smart” and “dumb” in their definition of intelligence. Gardner questioned the belief of only one intelligence so he created his own theory that involved seven different discoveries. He didn’t want to call these discoveries “skills” or “talents” or gifts” because those all suggested a drawback so he decided on the word “intelligence,” creating his theory of multiple intelligences (Gardner 33). Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences including, linguistic, logical/mathematical, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, spatial, intrapersonal and interpersonal, has many implications for modern education and culture.
The Pacer Center has also identified in their article the importance of evaluation and assessment methods (2007). The first type of assessment is and ought to be used is performance based; for instance, individual portfolios that can illustrate a student’s strengths and weaknesses throughout a course. Teachers must be cognitive of the fact that portfolios need to demonstrate a student’s best work in properly assessing their academic improvement. In other words it is not an assessment tool to evaluate every assignment completed by the student. Even though portfolios are used by teachers in a variety of manners the most effective use is to display a student’s preeminent ...
Howard Gardener is a psychologist and a professor of neuroscience at Harvard University who also designed the nine theories of Multiple Intelligence (MI). In 1983, he introduced the first seven theories of multiple intelligences in his book Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences; then, he introduced his last two theories in his 1999 publication of Intelligence Reframed. According to Parkay & Stanford, “Howard Gardener believes that human beings possess at least eight separate forms of intelligence” (2003, p.300-301). Thus, Gardner’s theories began to question the conventional beliefs about how students are educated in the classroom. This paper will examine the teacher’s role in incorporating these theories into the classroom, the definitions of MI including classroom activities, and benefits of using this theory. Gardner’s theory of Multiple Intelligence includes the following intelligences: linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalists, and existentialist. Only two of the intelligences are commonly recognized in most classrooms: linguistic, and logical-mathematical. There are five intelligences that are frequently overlooked by educators: spatial, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal. The last two are generally not considered in the classroom: naturalists, and existentialist, but naturalist can be applied with the use of science context. According to King, the theory of MI has “…motivated educators to develop programs that instruct students in multiple domains” (2010, p. 250).
People learn new things every day. My grandmother would say “I just received a new wrinkle in my brain!” Maybe, this is not true, but it is true that we learn new things even as we grow older. There are many techniques to learning a new skill. “Howard Gardner 's theory of Multiple Intelligences utilizes aspects of cognitive and developmental psychology, anthropology, and sociology to explain the human intellect” (Zhou 77). Gardner introduced nine different intelligences. Gardner believed that humans possess each of the nine intelligences, even though some are stronger or weaker than others. He also believed that each person had their own individual intelligence profile. We took a multiple intelligence test to see our own strengths and weaknesses
Howard Gardner’s theory contains eight main multiple intelligence. As the years have progressed there have taken one out and is left with the main seven. These seven are: Linguistic, Mathematical, Spatial, bodily, Musical, Interpersonal, and Intrapersonal. These are found in everyone; however, each person will excel in one or two. Once teachers can determine what intelligence the students will exceed on and teach to their strengths the student will learn much more.
In Carol S. Dweck’s work “The Perils and Promise of Praise,” Dweck addresses the problem of how to keep students motivated and what type of praise can help move them along. She talks about how their are two types of students. First, there are the fixed mind - set students, and they reject and fear challenges because it may make them seem dumb, because how they are viewed by others affects them tremendously. Also they believe intelligence is something you are born with and you can’t change how smart you are. The second kind are called growth mind - set students, and they believe that with effort you can learn and accomplish anything. They don’t fear challenge, instead they embrace it. Making mistakes or asking question that may make them seem
There’s nothing worse than to have students sum up all their knowledge, skills, thoughts, talents, and abilities into one multiple-choice test with one “right” answer. This is why assessments must encompass more ways of evaluating students than a paper and pencil strategy that does not account for the various competences of every student. This is one of the many reasons why standardized testing has been undoubtedly one of the most controversial topics in education to date. With this being said, there are alternatives to standardized tests that involve different opportunities including portable portfolios, performance exams, exhibitions, and/or recorded sessions to better “test” a student’s knowledge and abilities.
Overall, understanding the multiple intelligence theories will increase the student’s learning capacity, and they will retrieve information more effectively. They will gain interest in school subjects and this will strengthen their knowledge.
Overall it is evident that standardized testing has affected the education in the United States negatively. The main flaw is that policymakers made standardized testing the center of our education system, which intern led to vast changes in curriculum where educators were forced to teach to test rather than teaching materials that fosters creativity, and enhances knowledge. Howard Gardner, famous for his work on multiple intelligences, stated he was unconcerned that American children were ranked last among the major industrial nations in the Third International Mathematics and Science Study. He reported that tests measure exposure to facts and skills not whether or not kids can think (Ritter 5).
Even with all the doubts about the multiple intelligence theory, you can see its existence all around us. With the eight forms and the existence intelligence to come, we can find ways to discover people with each and teach them better so they love to learn. We also need to remember that since there is more than one intelligence; then we can have several intelligences and be great at all of them. Lastly, remember what Gardner said, ‘It is not HOW SMART ARE YOU? BUT HOW ARE YOU SMART?’
There are eight basic different intelligences: musical, body-kinesthetic, logical-mathematical, linguistic, spatial, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalist. According to Gardner’s theory of Multiple Intelligences, people have many different ways of learning. Unlike traditional theories of intelligence that focus on one, single general intelligence, Gardner believed that people have multiple ways of thinking
I chose the following decision theme from the handout: decide how influential the multiple intelligences view will be on your approach to thinking about adolescent cognition in the area of schooling. This issue is one that is important for any teacher or future teacher to consider prior to their first day of school. Some students may find a lesson more interesting and encouraging based on the different intelligences they prefer than other students in their class. Using Gardner’s multiple intelligence can be done in such a way as to encourage learning through different types of assignments. Gardner’s theory may not be completely factual, but it can serve to expand both knowledge and practice and encourage students to develop their skills.
In closing, implementing only one theory of learning can be limiting to the success of students in a classroom setting. A more effective approach would be “draw from two or more theoretical perspectives… to better capture the complex nature of human thinking and learning” (Ormrod, 2012). According to Howard Gardner, there are multiple intelligences in human individuals that are based on biological and cultural elements (Brualdi, 1996). Since each of the intelligences work independently of each other, but also complement each other individuals learn, teachers should teach accordingly (Brualdi, 1996).
Everyone thinks intelligence is being keen and that it is hereditary, but what if intelligence also refers to dexterity? Each person is embodied with intelligence, but it might not be the intelligence that you see in school by form of tests. If you can’t see these intelligences by tests; then how do you know if you have an intelligence?
Howard Gardner, a professor at Harvard, introduced his theory of multiple intelligences in 1983. Multiple intelligence’s is a theory about the brain that says human beings are born with single intelligence that cannot be changed, and is measurable by a psychologist. Gardner believes that there are eight different intelligences in humans. The eight are verbal linguistic, visual spatial, bodily kinesthetic, mathematical logic, musical, intrapersonal, interpersonal, and naturalist. Understanding these intelligence’s will help us to design our classroom and curriculum in a way that will appeal to all of our students. We might also be able to curve discipline problems by reaching a student in a different way. One that will make more sense to them and more enjoyable. We can include all of the intelligences in lessons to accommodate all of the students’ different learning styles at once. By reaching each students intelligence we can assume that a student will perform better which, could mean students retaining more important information. A students learning style can also help lead them into a more appropriate career direction. As a teacher you can also learn your own personal learning style or intelligence to help improve the way you learn and teach.