Both Bridges and Switches work on the data link layer of the OSI Model. However, switches are more advanced. Discuss how a switch has an advantage over a bridge in a network then elaborate more on the technology implemented in switches to control broadcast domains.
A network switch is a networking device that connects devices together on a network enacting a form of packet switching. It operates in the Data Link layer of the OSI model. It essentially acts like a multi-port network bridge that processes and forwards data. Other types of switches have additional features such as the ability to route packets. Those switches are commonly known as layer-3 or multilayer switches.
The simplest and most common type of switch is the basic switch. It can be called a multiport bridge because it separates a network into multiple collision domains.
Switch in a network
A network Bridge is a device that connects two separate Ethernet networks into one extended network. It works at a logical level which means that it can filter frames so that it only lets data whose destination address corresponds to a machine located on the other connected side of the bridge pass.
It is used to segment a network and hold back frames that are intended for the local area network while transmitting those that are needed to be sent to the other networks. This improves level of privacy since the information intended for one network cannot be listened on the other connected network. It also reduces traffic and collisions on all networks.
A bridge connecting two networks
The difference between a switch and a bridge is that each port on a switch is its own collision domain. A collision domain is formed between any two connected devices via a sw...
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...so a trusted method of securing data and used as an internet standard.
It supports the use of nested tunnels which means that multiple gateways and the tunnels can be encrypted over again.
IPSec is limited by:
It is very difficult to implement and requires special support in routers.
There are some problems with different IPSec implementations that do not follow the standard and communicate properly between each other
TLS/SSL
Secure
References:
Charles M. Kozierok. (2005). DNS Components and General Functions .Available: http://www.tcpipguide.com/free/t_DNSComponentsandGeneralFunctions.htm. Last accessed 1st April 2014.
Kurose, James F. (2012.). Computer networking. 6th ed. Harlow: Pearson Education. 482.
Timothy Pintello (2013). Introduction to Networking with Network1. USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 175-199.
When controlling communications of multiple devices are outlined on defined procedures. Arbitration structures are essential in the control of the bus communications in the presence of multiple devices.
A Hub is a networking device that allows one to connect multiple PCs to a single network. Hubs may be based on Ethernet, Firewire, or USB connections. “A switch is a control unit that turns the flow of electricity on or off in a circuit. It may also be used to route information patterns in streaming electronic data sent over networks. “
Wireless networks – While the term wireless network may technically be used to refer to any type of network that is wireless, the term is most commonly used to refer to a telecommunications network whose interconnection between nodes is implemented without the use of wires, such as a computer network. Wireless telecommunication networks are generally implemented with some type of remote information transmission system that uses electromagnetic waves, such as radio waves, for the carrier and this implementation usually takes place at the physical level or “layer” network.
IPSec – Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) - is a protocol suite for secure Internet Protocol (IP) communications by authenticating and encrypting each IP packet of a communication session.
To attempt to define a network in a few sentences would be a fool’s errand. A network could be seen as simply a grid of interconnecting connections between multiple bodies. However when this vision is applied to real-world systems, they all start to differ. There is not anything that exists in the universe that is not part of a network. A network is the result of different parts or members which have similarities in parts of their identity. This similarity that they have in common, they will also have with other bodies forming a network between them. Most of these factors of identity are different from those of most others. As a result, each factor will be in common with different other members of different networks. Each factor includes this body in a multitude of networks. This means that no one thing is in one and only one network, but is included in many.
Bridges are structures used by people and vehicles to travel across lakes, river, highways, railroads, and canyons. Bridges are important to the world and society because they connect communities that are separated from water between them and allow others to see
To begin to understand the mathematics behind building a bridge we need find out the different types of a bridges. The definition of a bridge is a structure carrying a road, path, or railroad across a geographic obstacle. There are three different types of bridges. They are: beam/arch bridges, suspension bridges, and truss bridges. Modern beam bridges usually span up to 200 feet, modern arch bridges can span across 800-1,000 feet, while Suspension bridges can span from 2,000-7,000 feet ("HowStuffWorks").
For example, as stated in source 5 there are vertical lift bridges and swing bridges. First, a vertical lift bridge “uses cables, pulleys, and motors and counterweights to rise a section of the bridge.” This process looks and acts much like an elevator. (Bridge Types) Next, Earl Dublin, P.E. Structural Engineer New York Division Federal Highway Administration, said the deck of the bridge is raised to allow for a vessel to pass under. Another type of movable bridge is the Swing Bridge. The Swing Bridge rotates on a pedestal allowing vessels to move past on either side (Bridge Types). So when the bridge is over a canal or river it is perpendicular to allow traffic over to the other side, but when a vessel comes the bridge would run parallel to the
In computer networking, cut through architecture is a method used for packet switching. In this system, the data frame or packets begin to leave the switch almost as soon as it begins to enter the switch. In simple words, a cut through architecture does not store a data frame and then forward it. On the other hand, the other device holds the entire frame for a small amount of time while the various fields of the frame are examined, this procedure makes the overall network throughput very slow or diminish. This method is known as store and forward method.
Spanning tree protocol is a protocol that prevents loops that are not wanted in a network. In order for a network to work properly it has to have only one active path between two network stations. If there are multiple active paths between stations loops can and will occur. When loops occur, there can sometimes be duplicate messages in the network. The loops are created by the network and if the devices that connect the network segments are all configured to forward, they will continuously forward frames into an endless network loop. If there are enough loops going then a frame will not reach its destination. The reason duplicate messages occur is because sometimes switches will see situations appear on both sides of it. When this occurs that is when spanning tree protocol comes in. In order to shut down the loops bridges and switches exchange BPDU messages with other bridges and switches to detect loops and then remove them by shutting down selected bridge interfaces. BPDU is short for bridge protocol data unit. Bridge protocol data units are part of the spanning tree protocol and they help describe and identify the parts of a switch port. The bridge protocol data unit allows switches to obtain information about each other. All the switches gather information from each other by exchanging data messages. In order for them to exchange messages they have to elect a root switch for the topology. The root switch has to be unique. The way they elect they have to have a unique switch for every local area network segment. To exchange messages they have to remove all loops by putting them in a backup state. Now to talk about states there is 5 different states. Two of the five states do not participate in frame forwarding. Frame forwarding is what the three main states do. The three main states are listening, learning, and forwarding. The other 2 are blocking state and disabled state. When you enable the spanning tree protocol the network goes through the blocking state and then the listening state and learning state are enabled after being turned on. If the protocol is properly configured the ports are stabilized to the forwarding or blocking state. The blocking state does not participate in the frame forwarding. It removes frames that are received from the attached segment. It also discards frames from another port for forwarding.
A bridge is a structure built for the purpose of providing passage over the obstacles such as water, valley. There are many different designs that all serve unique purposes. Designs of bridges vary depending on the function of the bridge, the nature of the terrain where the bridge is constructed, the material used to make it, and the funds available to build it[9] 6.2.1.1 Types of bridges There different types bridge structures they are as follows... 6.2.1.1.1 Truss Bridge A truss bridge is a bridge whose whole superstructure is composed of a truss. This truss is a structure of connected elements forming triangular units.
In this topology, all nodes are connected to a central device, usually a hub or a switch. Each connected device has a dedicated, point-to-point connection between the device and the hub. The star network topology is by far the most widely implemented topology in use today.
A bridge is a structure carrying a pathway, roadway or railway across the river, valley or any obstacle. The purpose is to connect two places.
Bridges, structures engineered for crossing mountain ranges, freeways, ocean bays, and rivers are much more complex than one might think. Did you know that there are four main types of bridges, and each one serves a completely different purpose?
Mesh networks are reliable, stable, and redundant. If a node can no longer operate, all the others are not affected as they can still communicate either directly or through one or more intermediate nodes. Mesh networks can be very expensive due to the large amount of cable and connections required. Bus Topology Bus topology refers to a local area network (LAN) arrangement where each node or device is connected to a main cable or link called a bus. The bus network is simple yet very reliable.