Fluids and Electrolytes
Homeostasis is the body’s way to maintain internal stability. Cells require certain conditions to function properly. The ability to produce energy is key to life. Animals eat food and take in liquids that the body breaks down to be used by cells to produce energy. Oxygen is required by cells to convert carbohydrates or sugars into energy. Fluids are responsible for the transportation of nutrients to cells and the transportation of waste products of energy production out of the body.
Fluids
About 60 percent of the adult body is made up of fluid. In this fluid is a mixture of water and ions. Cells contain fluid (intracellular fluid 1/3) but are also surrounded by fluid (extracellular fluid 2/3). There are two types of extracellular fluids, one is intravascular such as the fluid that helps blood flow throughout the body and the other is interstitial fluid the fluid that surrounds cells inside body tissues. Extracellular fluids are required to bring cells the necessary ions and nutrients to maintain life. For cells to carry out their functions the proper concentrations of ions, oxygen, glucose, amino acids and lipids must be available in the cellular environment. The fluids are also key to the transport of waste products out of the cell and out of the body; a build of these products can kill the cell if allowed to build up. (Guyton & Hall, 2000, p.3-4)
Intake and Output
The human body needs about 1500mL – 2500mL of water per day. Food contains some and most comes from fluid intake. Women have less water then men and the elderly have even less than women.
Everyday an average adult excretes water in feces, sweat, lungs exhale and urine. Fluid lost in sweat 8% but varies depending on activity and temperature. The...
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...nic, isotonic, hypotonic, crystalloid, and colloids are critical tools in the medical field. It is of the upmost importance that these tools be used cautiously and with the correct type of medical illness due to the harm they can cause. Each organ of the body does its part in helping with homeostasis of fluids and electrolytes.
Works Cited
Guyton, A. C., & Hall, J. E. (2000). Textbook of medical physiology (10th ed.). Philadelphia: Sunders.
Ignatavicius, D. D., & Workman, M. L. (2013). Medical-surgical nursing: Patient-centered collaborative care. St. Louis: Elsevier Saunders.
Crawford, A., & Harris, H. (2011). I.V. fluids: What nurses need to know. Lippincott's Nursing Center , 41(5), 30-38. doi:10.1097/01.NURSE.0000396282.43928.40
Critical care nursing made incredibly easy! (3rd ed.). (2012). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Silverthorn DU. (2010). Human physiology: an integrated approach. 5th ed. San Francisco, calif.; London: Pearson/Benjamin Cummings. Pp 703-704.
In the article “Time to learn: Understanding patient-centered care,” Rinchen Pelzang clarifies not only what patient-centered care means but what it looks like when implemented. These clarifications are necessary because although most healthcare setting advocate patient-centered care, with no clear definition. Pelzang mentions this as one of the most prominent barriers to PCC, the misinterpretation of the concept. In order to combat this barrier proper education and emphasis on communication are needed. When this isn’t the case, “the failure to recognize nurse-patient communication as an essential component of nursing care is the greatest barrier to effective communication” (Pelzang, 2010). Collaborative care and
Fundamentals of nursing: the art and science of nursing care (7th ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Urden, L. D., K. M. Stacy, and M. E. Lough. Critical care nursing, diagnosis and management. Mosby Inc, 2010. eBook.
In this event, the matter that is unusual can be the fact that I have experienced and witnessed the process for interprofessional collaboration between the community nurse and other professionals that I have never knew about before. This event made me realize that there are many aspects of community nursing that I have knew about before where in this situation it is the importance and accountability of interprofessional collaboration. From my nursing theory course I have learned that interprofessional collaboration is when the nurse forms relationships with other professionals that enable them to achieve a common goal to deliver care and strengthen the health system and clients involved in it. (Betker & Bewich, 2012, p.30) In this event, our mutual goal is to provide the appropriate care for the patients/residents so they can restore their health after their hip or knee surgery. In the nursing leadership and management textbook it stated “interprofessional practice removes the gatekeeper and allows client access to all caregivers based on expertise needed.” (Kelly & Crawford, 2013, p.35) In this event, my preceptor and I gained knowledge about Revera and will pass on this information to patients who are interested in staying at a retirement home after they discharge from the hospital. One literature talked about how according to the Institute of Medicine, it is critical to have the capacity to work together as part of the interdisciplinary team to assist in delivering high quality, patient-centered care. In addition, effective collaboration among health care professionals results in improved patient care and outcomes. (Wellmon, Gilin, Knauss & Linn, 2012) This indicates the importance of interprofessional collaboration to provide...
As an advanced practice nurse (APN), one must interact with other medical professionals cooperatively and collaboratively to ensure the best outcomes for his or her patient population. Interprofessional collaboration happens when providers, patients, families, and communities work together to produce optimal patient outcomes (Interprofessional Education Collaborative Expert Panel, 2011). This type of teamwork and cooperation ensures that all of the providers caring for a patient act in a cohesive manner in which everyone including the patient plays a role in the management of the individual’s health. The purpose of this discussion is to evaluate interprofessional practice and provide the view of a
Ignatavicius, D. D., & Workman, M. L. (2013). Medical-surgical nursing: patient-centered collaborative care (7th ed.). St. Louis: Elsevier Saunders.
Davenport, Joan M., Stacy Estridge, and Dolores M. Zygmont. Medical-surgical nursing. 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2008, 66-88.
Diffusion is caused by the concentration gradient, physical flow of material, molecules until the concentration gradient reaches a point of equilibrium. In both diffusion and osmosis, movement of molecules takes place up to a certain point when equilibrium – osmotic balance – is achieved. Osmoregulation is the process through which organisms maintain osmotic balance – a balance in the concentration of solutes and water across semipermeable membranes also called homeostasis. The importance of osmoregulation is to enable cells of take up water and nutrients while excreting wastes such as sweat and urine. Thus, osmoregulation enables organisms to maintain the optimal internal fluid
Brunner, L.S. & Suddarth, D. S Textbook of Medical- Surgical Nursing, 1988 6th ed. J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia
The demand for high-quality, cost-effective health care in the United States is growing expeditiously due to the passage of the Affordable Health Care Act in 2010, the lack of physicians specializing in primary care and the shortage of graduate level educated nurses (Watson, 2007). The new expectations for access, quality and affordability within the health care system are creating opportunities for nurse practitioners to expand their roles as advance practice nurse specialists (Watson, 2007). This paper will examine the role of the perioperative nurse practitioner. This examination will define perioperative nursing, give a brief history of operating room nursing, and look closely at the role of the nurse practitioner in pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative care. This paper will report the evidence-based findings that nurse practitioners in the perioperative setting, when compared to physician-only facilitated care, create an equally therapeutic and healing environment for patients and families, improve the efficacy of surgical procedures and increase patient satisfaction with surgical outcomes. Other topics that will be examined include educational training, the scope of practice for nurse practitioners within the perioperative setting and the application of the holistic nursing approach in perioperative care. The final area this paper will examine is The Institute of Medicine’s (IOM) Report on the Future of Nursing and how it’s recommendations have the potential to change perioperative nursing.
Homeostasis is the maintenance of a constant internal environment within a living organism. Excretion is the removal from the body of waste products made in the cells during metabolism. Osmoregulation is the homeostatic control of body water. Water intake needs to balance with water loss. Urea is instantly converted from ammonia, as it is a less soluble and less toxic compound.
Cells are living things that requires substances to be imported into the cell for growth and repair just as a human, or animal, needs to eat for growth and repair. Unlike the human or animal that has arms, jaws, or external tools to collect and consume food, the basic cell does not have any external appendages to readily obtain the substances it needs. This does not leave the cell without any way to obtain the required substances, obviously otherwise they would all be very short lived, and the ways they obtain substances differ in the required energy and the substance being obtained. Regardless of the way or type of substance, everything need to pass the cell membrane to enter or leave the cell.
Potter, P. A., & Perry, A. G. (2009). Fundamentals of nursing (Seventh ed.). St. Louis, Mo.: Mosby Elsevier.
Water is an essential nutrient that our body requires every day. Without water human life cannot be sustained. Water deprivation kills faster than lack of any other nutrient. People do not think of water as a nutrient and don’t realize the important role of water in the body functions.