a. The five models and explanation given by scholars on explaining urban poverty among minority groups and was well as ethic groups are culture of poverty, transmitted deprivation institutional malfunction, misdistribution resources, and structural class conflict. Culture of poverty explains that people are stuck in the circle of poverty due to lack of aspirate characteristics and lack of adults not working. What is does is it blames the victim. Circle of poverty I think is the most problematic explanation because it just assumes that people are poor because they are not working hard enough while ignoring policies that lead poor people into those areas in the first place. It also does not take into account that these poor urban areas lack jobs and there are very few jobs that Are t highly paid with good benefits and job security. It does not also talk about the stigma behind being poor in a society that values ones worthiness by the material they have and how this may perpetuate the circle of poverty. In the article poverty and deprivation in the Western city, a low-income single mom talks about her experience living in poverty. She felt a shame of asking for help from other family members, feeling guilty of feeding her children unhealthy food, fearful of the area she lives in and always in constant fear of losing her belongings. What the circle of poverty explanation does not take into account is some of these minority groups like Black Americans have been discriminated against into leaving in the poor and decaying parts of society that lack opportunities Jobs and education.
2. Transmitted deprivation model puts the responsibility of poverty on the individual or a group of people of the same ethnic or race.it states that th...
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...le for being poor to make sure that people who need these services are using them.
8. I think the first major obstacle is going to be distribution of educational funding equally throughout the city may cause some controversy because people for affluent suburbs may not want parts of their property taxes going to poor urban city schools while their school funding get cut. The second obstacle is finding individuals and companies who are willing to invest in these poor urban areas for a longtime along with non-profit community-based organizations. The third obstacle is getting funding from both the federal and state governments to invest money in poor urban areas because of past couple of years federal and state government budgets has been cutting social and welfare program. Therefore, Investing in infrastructure is probably going be the most difficult because.
On a Average in 2011 the wealth of White households were calculated at ($110,500) which was 14 times more than a Hispanic household earning ( $7,683), which was about 17 times more than Black households which were ($6,314). Inequality is a definite factor in extreme poverty. The conflict theory is clearly represented in extreme poverty. When applying this theory you look at the top one percent and their constant insured position at the top. The people that are more qualified to do the jobs they do and to keep earning the money and opportunities. However, people in extreme poverty should not be afforded this opportunity because they are less qualified. They are not qualified to to the same jobs. People that live in poverty are not afforded the same opportunities or resources to adequately sustain them in day to day life. The lack of education or food and even shelter are all reasons that can hold a person back and from m attaining a more desirable lifestyle. They are not able to thrive in their society. Allowing the Elites to continue in the positions and lifestyle without new
The connection between poor living conditions, low income families, and inequality of varying groups go hand in hand when dealing with poverty as discussed in Evicted by Matthew Desmond. These issues are often swept under the rug for those not immersed in the situation and can even be unknown. There is gender inequality which can affect every aspect of life, including dwelling. There is also racial inequality which also renders the quality of life. Both themes have a deeper meaning and are connected at the source of poor education and job discrimination.
Although poverty has minimized, it is still significant poverty which is characterized by a numerous amount of things. There are two types of poverty case and insular. “Case poverty is the farm family with the junk-filled yard and the dirty children playing in the bare dirt” (Galbraith 236)Case poverty is not irretraceable and usually caused if someone in the household experiences “ mental deficiency, bad health, inability to adapt to the discipline of industrial life, uncontrollable procreation, alcohol, some educational handicap unrelated to community shortcomings” (Galbraith 236).Case poverty is often blamed on the people for their shortcomings but on some levels can be to pinpoint one person's shortcomings that caused this poverty. Most modern poverty is insular and is caused by things people in this community cannot control. “The most important characteristic of insular poverty is forces, common to all members of the community, that restrain or prevent participation in economic life and increase rates of return.
The most obvious effect of poverty remains the material aspect. The family has no money, therefore they cannot afford a good of decent quality. They can only purchase subpar goods. The family gets cheated numerous times in money related incidents. The housing agent cheats them the most, as they must pay much more money then he told them they would. Not only do they get cheated on the insurance, but they pay much more for the house than the value of it. The bosses cheat them as well: “big businesses had become even bigger. Large corporations were making a great deal of money, and some owners and managers became very rich. However, most of the people working in business and industry were not getting rich” (Duyne). When problems arise with the house, the family can only buy cheap goods to fix them with. When the...
Economic inequality is ingrained in our society. Because of this fact, many would argue that “that’s just how it is,” but in reality this is not how a community is suppose to function. As Michael Sandel writes in his book Justice, “As inequality deepens, rich and poor live increasingly separate lives.” Sandel makes an excellent point. As economic divisions, such as the ones present in the United States, worsen, the classes diverge on every level. Wealthy people attend different schools, purchase luxury cars, and live in gated communities. Meanwhile, the poor live in squalor, use public transportation, and attend failing schools. Aside from the lack of a quality education making it harder to escape poverty, the poor are from birth at a disadvantage to those on the other side of the economic scale. The United States is not a land of guaranteed equality of result, that is...
One of the main causes of poverty is a lack of money. There are some families that do have at least one person employed in the household but the money earned is not enough to provide for the family. Tough decisions such as paying rent buying groceries become a daily challenge for struggling households. Those living in households headed by people with no high school degree are the most likely to enter poverty. Limited options in the job market make it hard for those without degrees the ability to find jobs that will pay above minimum wage. Many Americans earn less than the nation’s median income which hinders most Americans from living a life free of hunger. Children who grow up in poverty suffer more persistent, frequent, and severe health problems than do children who grow up under better financial circumstances. Children of poverty are at an extreme disadvantage and cycle ends up repeating itself until the pattern is somehow
Defining who qualifies as poor is the first problem. Researchers alike have all created their own definitions of the poor. Ken Auletta, a journalist defines the poor as a group of individuals who share common attributes such as high school dropouts, delinquents, and the homeless (Ricketts, & Sawhill, 1988). Psychologist Kenneth Clark and political scientist Richard Nathan describe the poor as those who share the same status and are involved in a number of characteristics that are against dominant culture and behavior. Finally, sociologist William J. Wilson views the poor as people who lack training and skills, experience prolonged periods of joblessness, engage in criminal activity, and have a dependency on welfare. As a result, most of America has the conception that the poor can be characterized by the status and behaviors that deviate from dominant culture such as joblessness, delinq...
Poverty has been looked at from two different prospective. You can be in poverty based on either a lack of ambition, or certain circumstances that may have taken place in your life. Anna Quindlen author of Homeless and Lars Eighner author of On Dumpster Diving are both located on the circumstance side of the spectrum. To be on the circumstance side of the spectrum you may have encountered a tragic event in your lifetime, for example the loss of a job. To be placed on the lack of ambition side of the spectrum, you have all the tools to be successful; however, you may be procrastinating or you just don’t care enough. I believe that the people who are in poverty are there because of certain circumstances. Poverty affects many people on a daily basis and Anna Quindlen and lars Eighner bring to light some of poverties harsh
Poverty can be defined as the state of being extremely poor. This means that a person has very little to no financial resources or provisions necessary for survival. It proves to be a serious issue that many families in the United States have to face on a daily basis. Poverty is a serious issue because it influences employment rates, which in turn hurts economic growth when the rate is low, and it also contributes to the number of Americans whom are actually homeless today. From a sociological point of view, poverty can be looked at using several perspectives such as the functional perspective, which shows how poverty exists to keep society up and running; the symbolic interactionism perspective, in which stereotypes come into play, showing
Those living in poverty have a lack of funds to invest in education, thus their schools lack the material and staff to probably train their students for future success. This lack of education is the root cause of poverty, because those with no education can’t compete for higher paying jobs that require basic understanding in subjects like math, such as being an accountant or bank manager. Their lack of education has limited their job opportunities, therefore limiting them from improving their lifestyle. Furthermore, poverty travels from generation to generation like an endless cycle. Also Children living in poverty have a higher number of absenteeism or leave school all together because they are more likely to have to work or care for family members. In addition, Dropout rates of 16 to 24-years-old students who come from low income families are seven times higher than those from families with higher incomes. Also Less than 30% of students in the bottom quarter of incomes enroll in a 4-year school. Among those less than 50% graduate from college(Dosomething). The lack of education and training for well-paying jobs inhabits these people from ever escaping the cycle of poverty. However, the reason many of these people lack the required education is simply that they can’t afford to attend school or earn a degree. Therefore, this allows them to only have jobs that offer little benefit, and
Looking at what each of these explanations mean people can get a better definition of poverty. Individual-level explanation focuses on the inherited attributes such as IQ and motivation level and are compared with acquired attributes such as investing in an education. Structural explanation is focused on the social organization of society, the organizations could look at the ability to get a good job and the tax allocations. Ideological explanation looks at the negative images that are viewed throughout various groups such as discrimination, this discrimination leads to less good jobs being given to someone of that race or gender. With these explanations in mind, people can get a better idea of how people are being effected in the society which leads to
The structural theory of poverty is composed of four parts that include, economic, social, cultural, and political. The economic part is based on a capitalist system (power asymmetry) “wealth for some and poverty for others”. The social part is family, neighborhood, and the people you associate with. Culture is symbolic way we represent things. And finally the political aspect sates that poor people have little power. The poor are poor due to lack of political and economic power. The structural theory is superior to the individualistic theory because the individualistic theory blames poverty on the poor themselves using biogenetic, human capital, and cultural views. Bad genes = low intelligence= poverty. This could be seen as racist and today as we know it race is socially constructed meaning the structural theory explains poverty
...ive would say that the poor serve a purpose being poor, that they must fulfill that role. Particularly because the poor are typically unskilled workers that are valued less and often less educated than the other income level groups.
Poverty is generally defined as a state of deprivation in well-being. The conventional perspective connects well-being basically to control over commodities, so the poor are individuals who do not have sufficient income or consumption to place them above some adequate bare minimum threshold (Lyman et al, 2004). Poverty is also tied to a particular type of consumption, for instance people may be considered health poor, house poor or food poor. The poverty dimensions can often be determined directly. For instance it can be measured by assessing malnutrition or levels of literacy (Alla...
"Causes and Effects of Poverty." Cliffs Notes. Cliffs Notes, n.d. Web. 27 Nov 2013. .