Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Major accident causation theories
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Major accident causation theories
Question 1
Project Lifecycle: key stages and its appropriate hazard studies
A safety adviser is responsible in planning and implementing safety measures in order to not only promote a safe working condition but to ensure the physical, emotional and social wellbeing of the employees and people surrounded are taken into consideration. In planning and constructing a major chemical plant involving handling hazardous materials or processes, a safety adviser is expected to be responsible in constructing a safety plan in each stage of project development and to introduce organisational safety structure to ensure maximum safety is assured during operation.
Safety studies or else referred as hazard analysis or identification should be carried out in each phase of the project lifecycle including: conceptual phase, process design phase, engineering design phase, commissioning phase and operation phase. The most practical and crucial safety studies are during the conceptual phase. In this phase, preliminary hazard analysis or Hazard Study 1 is carried out to address possible hazard that may result in the operation. This study includes reviewing the past incident history, collecting the information on chemicals used and checking the compliance of the process with legislation and guidelines proposed for the safety measures in the chemical plants. Hazard study in this phase is important in outlining the hazardous properties of materials used such as its toxicity, flammability, possible environmental hazards or tendency to cause a hazard by interaction with other process materials. The knowledge obtained from the hazard study can be used to achieve inherent safety by eliminating the use of hazardous substances or else by choosing less hazardous ...
... middle of paper ...
...m/papers/risk-acceptance-criteria/. Last accessed 5th Nov 2013.
Health and Safety Executive. (n.d). Risk analyses or ‘predictive’ aspects of comah safety reports guidance for explosives sites. Available: http://www.hse.gov.uk/comah/ assessexplosives/step5.htm. Last accessed 3rd Nov 2013.
Khan, F.I. and Abbasi, S.A. (1999). Major accidents in process industries and an analysis of causes and consequences. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries. 12, 361-378.
Kletz, T. and Amyotte, P. (2010). Process Plants: a Handbook for Inherently Safer Design. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press.
Lees, F.P. (1996). Loss Prevention in the Process Industries: Hazard Identification, Assessment and Control. 2nd ed. London: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Pitblado, R. and Turney, R. (1996). Risk Assessment in the Process Industries. 2nd ed. Rugby: Institution of Chemical Engineers.
On 16 April 2001 an explosion occurred at ConocoPhillips Humber Refinery after the failure of an overhead pipe. An investigation was launched on the incident, which is required under Control of Major Accident Hazards (COMAH) regulations, by the Competent Authority (CA) and by ConocoPhillips to determine the causes of the incident.
Legal duties under COSHH are laid primarily on the employer; it is the directors duty to see that proper systems of work and management are in place. Relevant information and training on how to deal with hazardous substances must be provided, a ...
Hazard analysis begins with a through documentation and analysis of a system and its components. The task to be performed or system to be operated must be fully understood. All interactions of a system involving people, hardware, software, and the surrounding environment must be considered (Stolzer, Halford, & Goglia, 2008, p. 21-22). Only when the system or task is completely understood can the proper analysis be made for risk identification. All possible “What ifs” scenarios must be considered and that requires a thorough understanding of the task or system. A high caliber identification team should contain engineers, technicians, operators, managemen...
Hazardous materials can be important in everyday life when properly handled. However, when improperly handled, they can result in injury, death, and destruction as well as have lingering effects that may last for years to come. To address the risk of an uncontrolled hazardous materials release, there must be a coordinated effort to identify, locate, and quantify the hazardous materials in a particular location (Drexel University Safety & Health, 2001). Typically, industry and government agree that a hazardous materials incident is one where
The HACCP makes use of systematic establishment of control measures that will ensure the safety of the product being processed. It is recognized internationally as a tool that could identify hazards present at different parts of the production. Aside from hazard identification, control and prevention methods are also enumerated.
The Inherent Safety Index (ISI) was developed from the selected inherent safety parameters for conceptual process design. The list of parameters present in the conceptual process design are heat of reaction, flammability, explosiveness, total exposure, pressure,
I will likewise portray the precise diagram of process-control framework as measuring gadget which is utilized to distinguish gas or fluid present in a modern environment. I will likewise break down the profits of controlling or automating process by process control framework regarding various distinct ranges in the operation of an unit or manufacturing plant; how safety of workers and the group around a plant is most likely concern number one or can be for most engineers as they start to plan their processes. I will delineate significance of process control framework in a manner if plants have an extraordinary potential to do extreme harm if something happens and it is natural the setup of process control to define limits on particular unit with the goal that they don't harm or slaughter workers or people in
Preventive maintenance is the base of the entire maintenance strategy for every pharmaceutical industry. One of the frequent problems that PM programs may confront is to maintain equally every equipment or parts involved in the pharmaceutical manufacturing. A safer path is to apply a risk-based approach that separates each equipment or parts of equipment in terms of their direct contact with product and possible defects on possibly affecting product quality [2]. It is useful to apply a risk-based approach to prioritize and organize the documentation needed. PM activities are more vulnerable to risks in the period of time of parts changes, including scheduled shutdowns or special projects. Complete process documentation and operating procedures, including organizational policies should exist for all maintenance activities [2].
Regulation compliance, employee safety, fire safety, ergonomics, industrial hygiene, hazardous waste removal, training procedures, and management relations are samples of features taken into consideration during a Safety Major’s day. Though there are numerous specializations safety professions can choose, a base knowledge in all fields is essential for a successful career. Therefore, I intend to pursue a continuation of safety certifications that will demonstrate a persistent ability to learn about my career. For the initial duration of my profession, I hope to obtain an Environmental Health and Safety specialist entry level position for an established organization. If the opportunity arises, I will promote within the same organization until
When someone is considering a fire risk assessment, it very important for him or her to understand the definition of fire hazard. Fire risk can be reduced to acceptable levels by various methods by keeping especial designed for the electric apparatus. Also, making the equipment location away from the risk and have very clear signs of evacuation during fire. Moreover, the design of the means of the escape is well known by mention plates on walls shows the ways, and fire sprinkler system based on the needs of the project or the building. In addition, the risk should be reduced to an acceptable level by:
There are three management systems that were reviewed. These three management systems deal with Environmental, health, risk and safety. All of these systems correlate to each other in general and in safety. The first management system is the Environmental management system, which is solemn as a worldwide standard that is static in transverse states. As settings know no limits, it is only suitable that such values are reflective of that. The extra system is the Safety Management system; it is a system intended to cover a entire band of upkeep doings and delivers a optimistic management change. It is too complete up of many rudimentary shares, from the many group plans to standards, events and reviews. This system is used in H.A Carrier and Abu
Chemical and fire hazards in the workplace cause serious injuries that in most cases are fatal.
Hazardous material accidents are common in warehouses and industries, the employ should provide a safe place to store the hazardous material, and the workers should have a good knowledge about how to response with that accidents and how to use the correct PPE and what control measures should be taken in that kind of accidents.
A hazard is defined as an activity or object that has the potential to cause harm if contact is made with the person, object or activity (MHS, 1996; Harmse, 2007; HSE, 2006). These hazards in a work place need to be identified and dealt with accordingly to prevent any harm to employees or any individual acquainted to a certain activity or establishment. The key roles and principles of occupational hygiene are Anticipation, Identification, Evaluation and Control (Schoeman and van den Heever, 2014; Harmse, 2008; SAMTRAC, 2012). To practise in accordance to the above principle; a hazard identification and risk assessment needs to be conducted. Anticipation is the foreseeing of the activity