Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Analysis of groundwater essay
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Analysis of groundwater essay
Groundwater is a merchandise which is proposed to be utilized wisely whilst ensuring its serenity and sacredness as far as quality and amount. Universal usage in segments, for example, streamlined, metropolitan, commercial, agricultural and private makes groundwater polluted and changing over it as a powerless element. Populace development is on the cutting edge to make an upgraded water request because of everlasting lack of surface water and overweening industrialization. Geographic Data Systems launched a helpful harmonious relationship with ecological concerns and regular assets lately. Vacuity amidst GIS examination and geostatistics are viably connected by ArcGIS Geostatistics analyst module. A few studies were endeavoring utilizing interpolation strategies without Geostatistical analyst and alongside it. Hu et al (2005) led a study in which spatial variability existed in groundwater quality in Central North China was adequately resolved utilizing ordinary kriging. Zhu et al (1996) readied a spatial conveyance guide of radon by utilizing GIS strategies and kriging in Belgium. D'agostino et al (1998) analyzed ordinary kriging and co-kriging procedures whilst concentrating on the spatial dissemination of nitrate concentrations in an aquifer in the central segment of Italy. Istok and Cooper (1998) demonstrated that the circular model was the best-fitted model for testing variograms of sulphate, Chloride and EC. The points of this examination are to give a diagram of ebb and flow groundwater quality for key parameters, for example, pH, TH, Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR), Na+, Mg2+ , Ca2+ , Cl-, HCO3 ,total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Electrical Conductivity (EC), Groundwater level (GWL) and to speak to the spatial circulation of ke...
... middle of paper ...
...esle, Environmetrics,7, pp.513-518.
D AgostinoHu, V Greene, G Passarella and M Vurro (1998), Spatial and temporal study of nitrate concentration in groundwater by means of coregionalization, Environmental Geology, 36, pp. 285290.
J D Ishtok, R M Coopper (1998), K Geostatistics applied to Groundwater pollution III, Global estimates, Journal of Environmental Engineering,114, pp.915-928.
N Jager (1990), Hydrogeology and Groundwater simulation, Lewis Publishers, Newyork.
R Mehrjardi, A Akbarzadeh, Sh Mahmoodi and A Heidari (2008), Application of Geostatistical methods for mapping groundwater quality in Azarbayjan province, Iran, American-Eurasian Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Science, 3, pp. 726735.
B Nas (2009), Geostatistical approach to assessment of spatial distribution of groundwater quality., Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 18, pp. 10731082.
The study site included four lakes in the Yahara chain: Mendota, Monona, Waubesa and Kegonsa. The Lake Mendota is the largest and deepest of all 4 lakes, it has an influent derivative from agricultural and urban sources. The influent for Lake Monona is urban and it is the second largest and deepest lake. For Lake Waubesa, that is the smallest and less deep lake, the influent is from urban and agricultural. And for the last lake, Lake Kegonsa, has an agricultural influent and it is really shallow. For the modeling the scheme was in the same order, first Lake Mendota, then in the chain Lake Monona, in third place Lake Waubesa and at the final of the chain Lake Kegonsa.
USGS. "Water Resources Inventory Area 1 Watershed Management." USGS Science for a Changing World. U.S. Geological Survey , 18 Jun 2013. Web. 7 Apr 2014. .
Olmstead, Sheila M et al. “Shale Gas Development Impacts on Surface Water Quality in Pennsylvania.” PNAS 110.13 (2013): 4962–4967.
Worsnop, Richard L. "Water Quality." CQ Researcher 11 Feb. 1994: 121-44. Web. 16 May 2014.
On the other hand, this method has also several disadvantages including: regarding recognition of “negative” tracings, it has also been applicable solely for selected points, large and deep hydrogeological settings can not be studied by this method, and finally some tracers have legal limitation due to toxicity in high concentration (Drew and Goldscheider,
The first culprit to blame for low water quality is agriculture and farming. In his article “Farming, Environmental Tug of War on North Raccoon River,” Mike Kilen (2017) claims, “Des Moines Water Works officials and some scientists say that agriculture practices have led to the high levels, principally from fertilizer that leaches into waterways.” The runoff from the fields is seeping into the state’s waterways. As the use of fertilizers increase the increase of nitrates in the water will increase. That increase is somewhat to
Groundwater remained the main supply until 1971 which was when Las Vegas became more dependent on Colorado River water due to the “Southern Nevada Water System” (Brown, n.d.; Larsen et al., 2015). Since then up to 90,000 acre-feet of groundwater has been pumped on a yearly basis, this value surpasses the natural groundwater recharge (Laczniak et al., n.d.). Rain as well as snow serves as the primary sources of groundwater recharge for the aquifers while precipitation plays a minor role (Laczniak et al., n.d.). Due to there not being balanced discharge and recharge this has led to subsidence and as a result of this subsidence the storage capacity of aquifers has decreased due to compaction (Laczniak et al., n.d.). It is estimated that 187,000 acre feet of storage capacity in the aquifers has been lost due to compaction (Laczniak et
This experiment was used to see the effect of salt water on the algae in the freshwater tables. The effect of salt water on algae will make the algae decrease in number. The algae were used as an indicator organism to give an idea of pollution concentrations. (Colgan, 33) Salt water can cause many problems if the salt water should enter the freshwater ways. This salt water can contaminate the aquifers and drinking waters of the world. This idea is backed up in Spatafora’s saltwater intrusion paper “When this occurs, it will move the saltwater freshwater interface inland, resulting in a higher saline concentration in the aquifers' water, rendering it useless for human consumption, unless it is treated.”(Spatafora, 2008) Not only can the saltwater effect the drinking water this water can also not be used for irrigation as seen in F. Lugoli’s article about the contamination of southeastern Salento’s groundwater “The results indicated widespread pollution from salt and microbial contamination. Contamination from faecal microorganisms posed a significant risk of human infection in 100% of samples. Furthermore, the water was unsuitable even for irrigation in a high percentage of cases (31.8%), which is of considerable significance given that agriculture is one of the most important economic activities in the area under study.”(Lugoli, 2010) The salt water can also kill the plants, algae, and ultimately the animals that use that water for water and food. The rising amounts of saltwater can cause plants to die as seen in Winn’s Saltwater Intrusion and Morphological Change at the Mouth of the East Alligator River, Northern Territory article “Significant morphological change has occurred since 1950, with the tidal creek extending 4 km inlan...
The lack of groundwater oversight has unfortunately introduced concerns that need to be mitigated and better addressed. Some groundwater basins throughout the state are not sustainable for they have experienced a depletion in groundwater storage, experienced groundwater overdraft, had a reduction in stream flows, the potential to lose ecosystems, had a depletion in groundwater quality, experienced land subsidence, and or faced salt water intrusion.
...spatial heterogeneity of surface soil properties has in ecosystem functioning, few studies have described the spatial heterogeneity of SOC in Golestan province and their relations with topography and different slope position loessial hillslope lands of northen Iran. However, just few studies on the spatial variability of soil organic carbon in farmland are available (Ayoubi et al, 2007).
Groundwater is the most significant source of clean water for an assortment of uses, including industrial, irrigation, drinking and domestic habits. Nevertheless, excessive usage of groundwater has resulted depletion of this natural resources and thus a continual fall in its groundwater level. A gradual decline in water quality is also taking place, from industrial, farming and domestic effluents entering into hydrologic cycle. To counteract groundwater resource depletion and deterioration, its management is a critical issue, for current and future generation. During the past three decades, many groundwater management models were developed by several researchers by linking groundwater flow/transport simulation model with optimization model (Shamir et al.,1984; Ahlfeld et al., 1986; Lefkoff and Gorelick, 1986; Willis and Finney, 1988; Finney and Samsuhadi, 1992; Emch and Yeh, 1998; Zheng and Wang, 2002,Wu and Zhu, 2006; Ayvaz,2009;Gaur et al.,2011a; Gaur et al.,2011b; Ghandour and Elsaid, 2013). The distinctive features, among those studies, are the type of the groundwater management problems, the way governing PDEs of groundwater flow or transport is solved in the simulation stage and the types of algorithms used in the optimization phase. Previous studies on groundwater management generally used numerical tools like finite difference method (FDM) or finite element method (FEM) for simulating groundwater flow and transport processes and therefore struck by various shortcomings of these methods, like choice of appropriate boundary condition, domain discretization error, numerical stability, difficulty in representing the well location accurately, and difficulty in representing stream/rivers. As an alternative, Gaur et al., (2011)...
Due to its extraordinarily high quality and availability, we take groundwater as an advantage and now we experience groundwater management problems all over the world. Ground water contributes worldwide about twenty percent of people’s fresh water (Kinzelbach, Bauer, Siegfried, and Brunner). Groundwater is considered the most suitable for drinking, but we didn’t realize that over pumping ground water could be vulnerable to degradation, which leads to drying wetlands, deterioration in water quality, and increasing salinization. As groundwater cannot be renewed artificially on a large scale, sustainable management of this resource is vital (Kinzelbach, et al.). For groundwater to recharge itself, it would depend on precipitation because it is the main source for creating ground water and it is something out of our control. We experience groundwater depletion due to excessive pumping of an aquifer and this results in degradation of water quality, impacting natural wetlands, and affecting drinking water from contamination, in order to recharge groundwater, we would need to understand what would be impacted, scientific tools to help assist in groundwater sustainability management, and different techniques that we could use to artificially recharge groundwater.
Water Scarcity is harmful to human life because when water is poorly managed throughout the world, those who need water are deprived of nutrients they truly need causing them to die. This eventually affects the global population. Therefore many experts have proposed several solutions such as the LifeSaver Bottle, TrojanUVPhox treatment system, and Waste Water Recycling.
Water quality can be described as the measurement of the condition of water relative to the requirements of humans, animals and plant’s need. When we talk about water quality testing, we are highlighting a critical piece of natural observing for civil engineers in order to create a specific structure or decision. At the point when water quality is poor, it influences almost every single form of life in our planet; going from plants to animals and thereon. Hydrology, in the other hand, is the study of water. It is important to state that hydrology is a critical part for civil engineers to determine and predicting decisions that will affect our biological environment.
However, many numerical models are being developed one of which is SEAWAT and it is based on density dependent ground water flow and solute transport to give a result of the distribution of groundwater salinity in an aquifer.