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Religion as a cause of war and conflict
Religion as a cause of war and conflict
Conflicts due to religion
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Introduction. The film introduced the conflict escalation between Russia and Chechnya during the Second Chechen war in May 2002. The conflict between the two nations centered on independence and conquest. Culture marks the different perspectives of each nation about the war. The Chechens viewed the war as a political game, where they act as puns (Greetings from Grozny, 2002). Russians, on the other hand, viewed the war as a security operation, because they want to justify their occupations of Chechnya. Why do they want Chechnya? To fully understand the conflict, one must examine the cultural divisions among the Russians and Chechens, because it influenced the motives and tactics used during the war (Ho-Won Jeong, 2008). Importantly, the conflict between Russia and Chechnya created a rift which resulted in deadly consequences in those countries.
History. In the North Caucasus, Chechens endured centuries of conquests by Russian, which they contended through resistance. In 1834, the Russians began their conquests of the North Caucasus and completed them in 1859 (“BBC News Timeline”, 2011). Chechens attempted to separate from Russia by establishing an autonomous region in 1922. This region later became the Chechen- Inguish Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in 1934 (2011). Then Stalin deported Chechens from Chechnya in 1944, because he believed the Chechens collaborated with the Germans (“Chechen Terrorism”). Stalin’s accusation epitomizes Gultung’s definition of cultural violence, as he justified deporting the Chechens with the accusation (Galtung, 1999). The deportations exemplify Burton’s definition of structural violence, a deprivation of needs caused by policies and institutions (Burton, 1997). As a result, the Chechens lost t...
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...sis. Sage Publications Ltd.
Jeffrey, J. (2011). Chechen Terrorism (Russia, Chechnya, Separatist) - Council on Foreign Relations. Retrieved on February 28, 2011, from http://www.cfr.org/terrorism/chechen-terrorism-russia-chechnya-separatist/p9181.
Kadiev, A. (1999). Opinion: A Chechen view of Russia’s war. Retrieved on March 1, 2011, from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/577525.stm.
Leake, D., & Black, R. (2005). Essential tools: Cultural and linguistic diversity: Implications for transition personnel. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota, Institute on Community Integration, National Center on Secondary Education and Transition.
Russia-language, culture, customs and etiquette (n.d). Russia. Retrieved on March 2, 2011, from http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/global-etiquette/russia-country-profile.html.
Settlement. 3rd Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Structural violence is differentiated from direct violence both in terms of etiology and nature. D...
The Legacy of Russia and the Soviet Union - Authoritarian and Repressive Traditions that Refuse to Die
The information war between the West and Russia had intensified once again and reached levels higher than the levels of Russo-Georgia war (2008). Russian media naturally is defending its annexation of Crimea and Sevastopol as a democratic referendum and justifying the military intervention as the protection of rights of the Russian population of Crimea. The referendum was very controversial since it had an unusually high voter turnout and the Pro-Russian vote has created speculations that the referendum has been falsified by the Russian government. The Western media condemns Russia for the anne...
David Christian a historian who specializes in Russia and the Soviet Union is currently a Professor of history at San Diego State University. There he teaches courses in world history, big history, world environmental history, Russian history, and the history of inner Eurasia. Christian was born in Brooklyn, New York to a British father and American mother. He earned his B.A. and Ph.D. at Oxford University. He then taught at Macquarie University in Sydney, Australia for thirty years. During this time he wrote several books, to include, A History of Russia, Central Asia, and Mongolia (1998), Bread and Salt (1984), Living Water (1990), Imperial and Soviet Russia: Power, Privilege, and the Challenge of Mode...
Snyder, Timothy. "Ukraine: The Haze of Propaganda." NYRblog. The New York Review of Books, 01 Mar. 2014. Web. 02 Mar. 2014.
The war in Spain, where the communist barbarity dug its claws into our territory taking the lives of our best, now has its continuation in the Russian steppes where the
Violence causes a great deal of suffering and harm in the world today and yesterday (Cross 2013). Peace and conflict researchers are undeniably justified in their selection of inter and intra-state violence as objects of study because the social context for both the performance and understanding of violence is of central importance (Cross 2013). However it is surprisingly rare to find a definition of violence (Moore 2003). Thus uncertainty prevails as to whether violence is limited to physical abuse or includes verbal and psychological abuse (Moore 2003). Agreeing with Moore (2003), Galtung (1969) said it is not important to arrive at a definition of violence because there are obliviously many types of violence. Violence is not
In 1934, Sergey Kirov a rival to Stalin was murdered. Stalin is believed to have been behind the assassination, he used it as a pretext to arrest thousands of his other opponents who in his words might have been responsible for Kirov’s murder. These purges not only affected those who openly opposed Stalin but ordinary people too. During the rule of Stain o...
International politics as one may imagine includes foreign affairs. This is why the topic and focus of this paper revolves around the current event within Eastern Europe. It will focus on both Russia, Ukraine, and the world, and from it, it will be analyzed by using the resources provided within class. After all it is a International Politics course, and one of the best ways to effectively put the skills and knowledge to use is to focus on an event or current event. The paper will attempt to go over in a chronological order of the events that has happened, and what is happening currently over in Ukraine. Afterwards, an analyzed input will be implemented providing reasoning behind Russia's actions, and actions of the world, and potentially some solutions.
As this war was beginning Kosygin was arriving in Hani to discuss their plans to offer aid and support I believe an important stage in this book is when Moscow decision to eagerly provide weapons and support to their clients, when Leonid Brezhnev stated, “[O]ur internationalist
...y, and grief. This made me realize how significant it is because I am a Ukrainian too. I must have had a relative who is dead already that must have lived during that event. This made me explore more details of the close truth that is hidden behind the genocide of the 1930s in Ukraine. I recommend for others to read and learn of what has occurred when one country has and can control other countries beside it.
In 1994 to 1996, Chechnya had its first of two wars with Russia. The war was over the fact that many basic human rights were taken away. Chechnya wanted to be free from Russia. The attacks were brutal and more than a tenth of the population was killed. Chechnya lost the war and were still a part of the Russian Republic. There was some unstable peace from 1996 to 1999, but in 2000, the second war began. It was over the exact same thing. Once again. Chechnya lost, and they are still a part of the Russian Republic today. The two wars completely destroyed
Imagine waking up one day to the thundering of blows given at the door telling you to “open up or be shot down.” It is the Serb police, and they are telling you that you and your whole family had to leave your home immediately. This is how it went for many Albanian people during what some Serb extremists called “demographic genocide.” This was the beginning of what many would call the Kosovo War, and it lasted from March to June 1999. After NATO’s intervention in Kosovo, something strange happened. Now the people being victimized were the Serbs and anyone who was “friendly” to them. In this paper, I will speak about what happened before and after the war in Kosovo.
It is estimated that by the turn of the century up to 40 percent of the children in the nation’s classrooms will be non-white, with the majority Latino. Already, multilingual schools exist in practically every major city. Since the teaching source is primarily White, and becoming even more so, it is important to take immediate action to prepare teachers and principles to work with a student population different than themselves (Dreyer, 1998).