Green roofs, also known as living roofs, eco roofs, roof terraces or roof gardens, are a roof design of a building that is partly or entirely enclosed with vegetation and growing medium, therefore, the roof is planted over a waterproofing membrane and it has extra layers, for instance roof fence and drainage. He and Jim, (2010) states that green roof require the making of vegetated space on the top of artificial structures design. They can help to reduce the thermal properties of buildings to produce cooling energy conservation and increase social comforts. There are two main types of Green Roof-Intensive and Extensive.
Castleton and Davison, (2010) explains that intensive green roofs have a shallow substrate layer that tolerate deeper rooting plants, so that the trees and shrubs can remain alive. They are usually accessible and need regular maintenance such as extensive irrigation and fertilising. This type of roofs is generally thicker and can support a wider selection of plants and generally they are heavier systems, but therefore it has the highest demand on building structures. Fioretti and Palla, (2010) suggest that Intensive roofs are considered to be expensive to maintain and to build.
Nagase and Dunnett, (2010) debates that extensive roofs are not appropriate for plant growth, therefore it has inadequate water accessibility, extensive temperature variations, great exposure to wind and solar radiation that generates highly strained, and occasionally troubled environment. Due that reason, insignificant variety of plant types is generally used for extensive roofs. Sedum types are the most frequently used plant, Dunnett and Kingsbury, (2008) suggest that they are greatly adapted to dry environments. Extensive Green Roofs...
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...was the hefty rainfall that happened in the earlier fortnight leaving the ground soaked without much of capacity to absorb additional rainfall.
Biodiversity
An important feature of green roofs is their potential to provide habitation for urban wildlife, therefore many animal species such as rats and ants would benefit from green roofs. Coffman and Waites, (2008) explains that the urban development practices recognised as roof greening offers habitat for wild species within the towns and it also helps rise the home-grown natural diversity. However, roof greening is not a method restoration ecology, but it is method of reconciliation ecology, where entirely new habitation is formed for non-human species. In addition Green roofs certainly delivers some form of habitat, it is also possible that the properties of the roof could harm the wildlife diversity.
Many variations and species of plants can be found all around the world and in different habitats. These variations and characteristics are due to their adaptations to the natural habitat surrounding them. In three of many climatic zones, the arid, tropical and temperate zone, plants that vary greatly from each other are found in these locations. In this experiment, we’ll be observing the connection between the adaptations of the plants to their environment at the Fullerton Arboretum. The arboretum is a space containing numerous plants from different environments. The plants are carefully looked after and organized into their specific habitat. Therefore, we’ll be able to take a look at the plants within multiple
Weeks of heavy rain in the Midwest caused rivers to swell and levees to break. Millions of acres of farmland are now underwater, their plantings most likely destroyed. By March, Iowa had tied its third-highest monthly snowfall in 121 years of record keeping, and then came the rain. April’s statewide average was the second highest in 136 years.... ...
LEED, or Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design, is a certification program for green buildings with stringent requirements for building energy efficient and environmentally responsible structures. Some requirements of this program include specific building materials, smart grid capable, gray water reclamation systems, green space minimums, high levels of insulation and low thermal transfer glass (US Green Building Council). Green buildings are a must if we are to sustain our current level of growth. Despite the higher initial cost of these buildings, the long term energy savings make these buildings a smarter choice for
Every home has its own distinctive requirements, and roofing contractors offer many different services to help keep homes totally free from the elements, and to save owners on repair costs as a long-term solution. This can include repairs, insurance claims and roof inspections. A roof inspection can tackle issues, or perhaps be employed as a completely preventative measure for the peace of mind that the roof is working, and shielding the residence as designed.
As a result of these factors, the flora has adapted to these conditions in a variety of ways including their shape, leaf type, root system, and color. One of the most prominent adapt...
Behavioural ecology investigates the interaction between ecology and the behaviour of an animal. An animal’s behaviour is the result of natural selection over past generations favoured by selection (Deag 1996). It was observed that Dusky Moorhen, Ibis and Pacific Black Ducks share both aquatic and grassland habitat in City’s Botanic Garden for their activities. Federal Pigeons’ behaviour was not observed by any groups due to reduce numbers in the Garden. Thus, discussion on Federal Pigeons on foraging and vigilance behaviour will be based on references from Table 2 and Table 3.
Landscape fragmentation contributes to loss of migratory corridors, loss of connectivity and natural communities, which all lead to a loss of biodiversity for a region. Conservation of biodiversity must include all levels of diversity: genetic, species, community, and landscape (CNHP 1995). Each complex level is dependent upon and linked to the other levels. In addition, humans are linked to all levels of this hierarchy. A healthy natural and human environment go hand in hand (CNHP 1995). An important step in conservation planning, in order to guarantee both a healthy natural environment as well as a healthy human environment, is recognizing the most endangered elements.
Historically, wood roofing has been a popular choice in every country possessing sufficient timber resources. Across the United States, wood roofs graced many fine homes and businesses as well as humble cabins and small stores from the time of the earliest settlements to the heyday of the westward expansion. Today, alternative roofing materials have decreased wood roofing's market share, but wood is still a fashionable choice for custom homes and a virtual "given" for many restoration projects.
Tennessee Williams’ Cat on a Hot Tin Roof deals with various motifs and themes such as cats, masculinity, the crutch, alcohol, children, death, etc. It could easily be argued quotations including the phrase “a cat on a hot tin roof” represent the entirety of the play due to Williams’ repetitious use of the line, as well as of its use in the title. However, the plot of Cat on a Hot Tin Roof deals with tragedy being caused from miscommunication and lies, despite the exaggeration of cat-like women and the numerous mentions of cats. The quotation, “Wouldn’t it be funny if that was true?” unveils the sad disposition of the characters as they attempt to cover up the painful truth despite knowing “painful things caint always be avoided” (Williams,
clouds were gray, the roads were slick due to a recent rainfall and there was
roots deep into the soil in search of moisture. There is also the need to trap rainwater and channel the
According to Komoo’s report (1997) [15], he stated that,” Excessive rain events that occurred initiated the event that fateful day. A total of 461mm of rain fell on the area in August 1996, compared to 137mm in 1993 and 281 in 1995. The copious amount of rain in the predominantly hilly
= == In this project I aim to explain the contributes to the environment by the actions of humans and display the consequences. I am going to divide the project into different sections and then sub sections to make the project easier to navigate around and keep the information in relevant sections. · Section 1: HABITAT REDUCTION BY HUMANS.
Your roof plays a vital part in keeping your home safe and secure. Keep your roof in great shape by cleaning the gutters, reducing overhang branches, killing any plant growth, and keeping snow off your roof.
Another important aspect of green architecture is the integration of energy efficient mechanical systems and conservation methods. Green buildings are designed to reduce or eliminate the dependence on fossil fuels. Additionally, green designs further help to minimize waste through the use of gray water recycling and other sustainable energy strategies. Grey water is conserved or saved to be recycled to water gardens.