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how has globalization affected human trafficking
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Globalization is a trend that continues to advance and create a smaller world. This interaction and integration of global communities and economies has opened up new possibilities and has created many opportunities that once were not possible. Many of these possibilities have been positive, like free trade, global economic growth, an influx of integrated information, cultural intermingling, etc. Proponents of the globalization movement argue that it has the potential to make the world a better place to live and solve many deep-seated problems (Collins, 2015). However, globalization in and of itself has created problems or assisted in the advancement of problems that once were local to being a global problem. One of these consequences is human …show more content…
137). Exploitation takes different forms, such as prostitution, forced labor, slavery, or other forms of servitude. Though slavery has been around for thousands of years, the existence of human trafficking across national borders, the integration of organized crime around the globe, and the increased demand in both forced labor and sex trade have led to this being a very lucrative criminal activity. The United Nations 2012 Global Report on Trafficking reported that 58 percent of human trafficking is for sexual exploitation and forced labor accounts for 36 percent. Woman account for 75 percent of all trafficking victims and 27 percent of detected victims were children (The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, 2013). Startling yet, is the fact that people are enslaved in every country (CdeBaca, 2013). Human trafficking is growing at an alarming rate worldwide and globalization is the instrument through which it flourishes (Harf & Lombardi, 2013, pp. …show more content…
However, as this is being seen as a more global issue than individual countries, more governments are coming to the table to cooperate in fighting against human trafficking (CdeBaca, 2013). Though in theory this should be an easy issue to investigate and fight together on, human trafficking affects more arenas in life than just the crime itself. Issues like immigration policy, labor laws, consuming low cost products, etc., all are affected by this criminal industry. So when the global community looks to fight back against this horrendous crime against human rights, many barriers and hurdles have to be crossed. Right now only a few thousand traffickers around the globe are punished annually, which shows that the law enforcement approach, while necessary, is inadequate on its own (Jordan, 2011). The global community needs all levels of government to work together on fighting this issue. Though significant challenges remain in fighting human trafficking, according to the United Nations report, three areas must be the focus: “knowledge and research, capacity-building and development, and monitoring and evaluation.” Progress on these fronts will help unify the international community and generate effective plans in fighting against human trafficking (The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,
Many organizations and programs are working to stop human trafficking and its insubordinate criminals. Organizations, such as the United Nations Conven...
“Human Trafficking appears as the most common form of modern day slavery, the fastest growing business of organized crime, and the third largest criminal enterprise in the world” (2014).
Majority of human trafficking are worldwide which involves the transportation of victims from Africa, South and Eastern Asia, Central and South America, Russia and other developing countries to developed countries in Asia, the Middle East, North America and central and southeastern countries of the European continent. It is the Asia-Pacific region where a majority of the world’s forced laborers come from followed by Africa. The Asia-Pacific region contributes 56% or 11.7 million victims, while Africa accounts 18% or 3.7 million victims of human trafficking. The meltdown of the global economy in the recent times has given rise to an increase in contemporary slavery. About 26 percent of modern slaves are children below the age of 18 years, out of which girls are the victims of child prostitution and
Hepburn et al. (2010) noted that it is commonly believed that most victims of human trafficking are used for sexual exploitation however, many countries just recently began to include forced labor in ...
Between 2007 and 2010 there were around 118 countries and 136 different nationalities that fell victim to traffickers (united nations publications, 2012). If we want to continue successful globalization patterns, we need to crack down on punishment for those who commit these crimes. In his article “A Decade in Review…” Luis CdeBaca states that prevention, protection, and prosecution are the key to stopping this global trend (CdeBaca, 2008). All three need to be implemented together and will not work independently. Preventing trafficking begins with prosecution of criminals. But often, prosecution can’t occur without witness testimony. This makes protection of victims essential in ending human trafficking. This along with more government involvement in labor law enforcement, we can bring justice to more victims. Government can check more into checking labor recruiting companies and potentially making more restrictive visas that allow people to cross borders more easily (CdeBaca,
It has been estimated that there are approximately 20.9 million victims of human trafficking globally. Human trafficking is a leading form of organized crime on both regional and global scales that violates the peace and protection of rights of human beings. This exploitative crime abuses men, women and children by coercing them into a dangerous society of corruption including prostitution and forced manual labour. The profits that human trafficking accumulates has become part of the illicit global economy to which many nations have been unable to address. The United Nations (UN) recognition of this modern-day slavery has been one of the first initiatives to address human trafficking a global criminal scale.
... living conditions and are constant fear. Next form of human trafficking is, trafficking for forced labour. Victims of this equally widespread form of trafficking come primarily from developing countries. They are recruited and trafficked using deception. They find themselves held in conditions of slavery in a variety of jobs. Men, women, and children are engaged in agricultural and construction work, domestic servitude and other harsh jobs. The final most common form of human trafficking is commercial sexual exploitation of children and tourists. This crime type has been apparent in Asia for many years and has now taken hold in Africa as well as Central and South America. The growth of this is promoted by the growth of inexpensive air travel and the relatively low risk of prohibition and prosecution in these destinations for engaging in sexual relations with minors.
Country to country, person-to-person, human trafficking is becoming a bigger and bigger issue all across the globe, including right here in the United States. Human trafficking is said to be a form of modern-day slavery, subjecting its victims to commercial sex, debt bondage, and forced labor through force, fraud, or coercion. There are often no easily identifiable victims as they come in all ages, genders, and races. There are said to be at least 2.4 million victims of human trafficking across the globe at any given time, leading to profits of $32 billion for the criminal masterminds behind such trafficking operations, making it the second most lucrative criminal industry behind narcotics. Despite the abundance of victims, it is estimated that fewer than 30% of all countries report at least 10 trafficking convictions a year, and 20% of countries do not even have an offense for trafficking. An additional 20% of countries have an offense for trafficking but still report no convictions of the offense. Without an organized coalition to help prevent such atrocities, it is left up to national governments to come up with solutions for their respective nations, and many governments do not possess the know-how or effort needed to combat these crimes.
Trafficking women and children for both sexual exploitation and labor is the fastest growing sex trade all around the world. The global sex trade is a multi-billion dollar business industry in which women’s bodies become the targets in order for the trade to run successfully. Although sex trafficking is a human rights violation, criminals are still selling women and girls as victims worldwide. The crime occurs when a trafficker uses acts of force, fraud, or other means of coercion to take control over another individual. This is for the purpose of forcing them to engage in commercial sex acts or other labor services. The overall percentage of women and girls being oppressed among trafficking is extremely incredible. “Women and girls make up
Human Trafficking is a global problem that affects the lives of millions of people in almost every country in the world, and which deprives them of their human dignity. As one of the most infamous crimes in the world, human trafficking is misleading and makes victims in women, men and children from all corners of the world every day and causes them to be exploited. Although the best-known form of human trafficking is sexual exploitation, hundreds of thousands of victims are also trafficked for the purposes of forced labor, forced labor as domestic servants, child begging and organ removal (Shelley, 2010). On the other side, “human trafficking is both a global problem and a domestic problem” (Jones, Engstrom, Hilliard, & Diaz, 2007, p.108-109)
Human Trafficking happens all over the world yet remains hidden from the public view. Human trafficking is the recruitment or harboring of persons, by means of threat, force, and coercion involving moving human beings for profit. The various issues related to complicated circumstances of human trafficking is questionable on whether this is really a sex crime or a future in business. The different types of human trafficking include forced labor, debt-bondage, child soldiers, sex trafficking, domestic servitude, and mail-order brides. Human trafficking occurs in various countries such as Africa, Asia, Latin America, East and Western Europe, and North America. Human trafficking has made more negative effects than positive because it is becoming a modern day form of slavery.
Summary: We see that there are many different aspects and types of human trafficking that everyone should be made aware of. As a whole human trafficking is a lucrative industry raking in $150 BILLION globally. The impact that this industry has on its victims is
It is the world’s fastest growing global crime. It is also the world’s second largest source of illegal income after drug trafficking. According to the United Nations Office on drugs and crime (2012),”Women account for 55-60 per cent of all trafficking victims detected globally; women and girls together account for about 75% and as many as 161 countries are affected by human trafficking.” It is also believed that the victims arguably come from the poorest countries in the world. One of the main causes of human trafficking is vulnerability. For example, children are more vulnerable to trafficking because of their lack of understanding and experience. Additionally, in certain societies, women are less empowered than men thus resulting in gender inequality both at home and in the workplace. Gender inequality then leads to easy exploitation through the use of force or
The first most profitable criminal enterprise in the world is cross border organized crime. This is an estimated $2.1 trillion dollar a year industry. Perhaps surprising, the second most profitable criminal enterprise in the world is human exploitation (Roman 2). This is an estimated $32-$115 billion dollar a year industry. In layman’s terms, human exploitation is simply slavery. Slavery is a huge problem in the world currently, but it is not a new one. It has been around since Biblical times. People from all over the world can be shipped into the United States, even right into the ports of Wilmington, North Carolina. Not only can women be shipped here, but women from our community can be trafficked as well. The community does not realize how
The poorest and most unstable countries have the highest percentages of human trafficking; extreme poverty is a common bond among trafficking victims (Soroptimist). An increase in women’s part time and informal sector work, push women into poorly-paid jobs and long-term and hidden unemployment, which leaves women vulnerable to sex traffickers (Soroptimist). Though national and international intuitions may attempt to regulate and enforce anti-trafficking legislation, local governments and police forces may in fact be participating in sex trafficking rings. Traffickers usually traffic their victims because the business of human trafficking can be extremely lucrative, especially in areas where opportunities for education and employment are