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Paper recycling importance
The process of papermaking reading answer
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On Thursday March 20, the processes class visited Glatfelter plant located in Chillicothe, Ohio. Glatfelter is one of the world’s leading manufacturers of specialty paper and engineering products. The company was started by Philip Glatfelter in 1864 and has expanded to annual revenue of 1.19 billion dollars. The company headquarters is located in York, Pennsylvania with papermaking plants and wood yard located throughout the United States. Glatfelter also has international operations in Germany, France, United Kingdom, Canada and the Philippines. The Chillicothe plant is a pulp and papermaking plant. Essentially it is two plants in one since pulp and papermaking are sometimes separated.
The papermaking process begins with pulp. Pulp is cellulosic fibrous material extracted from cellulosic fiber from wood. Glatfelter uses the Kraft Process to make both hardwood and softwood pulps. Hardwood pulps are taken from oaks, beeches, poplars, birches and eucalyptus tress. They have short fibre of average length of 1 millimeter. The primary purpose of hardwoods is for the paper to achieve bulkiness, smoothness and opacity. Softwood on the other hand is taken from pine and spruce with long fibre averaging 3 millimeters, it provides addition strength to paper. Both softwood and hardwood are produce independently of each other and are mixed end at desire ratio in the paper plant. The process starts from wood chips. Trees are chipped to make wood chips from half an inch to an inch long and up to two fifth inches thick. The chips are feed into a digester, which with cooking liquor would create a chemical reaction, which delignificate the wood. The cooking liquor is composed of white and black liquor. White liquor is composed of mainly sodium hy...
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...recycle used chemicals to be reused. The pulp plant would not generate any revenue without the recaust system. In the paper plant the problem is the supply of pulp. Glatfelter has mention shortage of pulp and purchase pulp from outside sources, which would be considered more expensive than producing it. The paper machine is running continuously and shutdown is avoided at all cost as shut down means the plant would be losing money at a rate of $12000 per hour.
Papermaking will be an industry that always will exist. There is no better replacement for paper. Some may argue that digital technology will eventually make paper useless but as technology gets more advances something has to remain non-digital. Paper provides a legacy in writing, digital data can be delete and paper can burn but paper has and will continue to survive just as it had survived for a long time.
...g, however, costs only $35 per ton. The school also makes $10 for every ton of paper it recycles” (Figueroa, 2009). This means that apart from saving the environment, the university also earns and is able to cut down on expenses for certain things because of the use of recycled materials.
Birch Paper Company is a medium-sized, vertically integrated paper company, producing white and kraft papers and paperboard. It has four producing divisions and a timberland division which supplied part of the company’s pulp requirement; each division is operating independently headed by its respective division managers.
Around 48% of workplace papers are recycled. Exclusively to be adapted create additional writing papers and cardboard 96% recyclable material: 95% uranium and 1% plutonium, which will be reused to produce electricity.
The invention of the printing press was one of the most useful technologies in history because it helped spread ideas, produced books, and greatly improved the economy. Johannes Gutenberg, who was a German goldsmith, developed the printing press “in Mainz, Germany between 1446 and 1450” (Ditttmar, 1133). The printing press was made to print books, newspapers, and flyers. The machine was made from wood and was based off screw presses, that worked with inked movable type heads that allowed the paper to be quickly and efficiently pressed with letters. The type head was made by pouring lead-tin alloy into a hand mold, along a rectangular stalk.
...ats such as paper based and microfilm. Compare to paper based, it does not change the form of paper even how many years pass. With the proper care of the records, record center or an organization can keep the record almost thirty years until the process of destruction. However, it could not happen to an electronic record, because technologies rapidly change. There always have new software or hardware that will be upgrade and become more advance. Actually, even under the best storage conditions, digital media have a very limited shelf life, generally less than thirty years. The efforts to preserve the physical media thus provide only a short term, partial solution to the general problem of preserving digital information. Given such rates of technological change, even the most fragile media may well survive the continued availability of equipment to read those media.
Paper recycling reduces greenhouse gas emissions that can contribute to climate change by avoiding methane emissions and reducing energy required for a number of paper products.
UK’s plant #1 is facing significant losses, due to high fixed and overhead costs. As future prospects are in red, the plant should be closed, equipment moved to plant #2. Planned annual savings are EUR 500k – EUR 750k.
The preparation of making wood into a pulp for papermaking is accomplished in two different ways. In the groundwood process, blocks of wood are held against a fast revolving grindstone that shreds off short wood fibbers from the block. The fibbers produced by this process are short and are used only in the production of cheap newsprint and used to be added with other types of wood fibber in the making of high-quality paper. Another technique uses a chemical-solvent processes where wood chips are treated with solvents that remove “resinous material and lignin” from the wood, leaving pure fibbers of cellulose.
facility. Its direct cost of recycling would be $95 per ton. Now, in this same
...l always be a market for both print media and digital media. Lets just hope that print media still has a couple more years on its life shelve before it goes completely extinct. When that happens, then they won't be a print media vs digital media war anymore.
The topic on eBooks and paper book has become hot topic for various reasons today, with many choosing the option that best suits their requirements. Though paper books have their advantages, cons seem to overcome the pros in many cases. In my opinion, physical books will disappear due to technological progress and the change of reading behavior. Technology will eventually replace the paper books though not completely with eBooks. There will always be regular bookstores for those who might find the urge to hold a book and read. Too many people will continue to want a real book they can hold and then, if they like it, put it on the shelf.
Every day people read newspapers, magazines, books, comics, etc. and a vast majority of them never stop to think of how these objects are designed and made.
Newsprint used to be International Paper’s main product, but it is no longer produced by that company since it was so unprofitable (‘A Short History of”, 1998). Very few companies manufacture newsprint anymore due to the fact that most people get their news via radio, television, and various other internet sources. Emails and social media posts have all but replaced Christmas, birthday, and get-well cards. Magazines are read online, Christmas catalogs have been replaced by online sales, and the vast majority of our junk mail has been transformed into spam in our email boxes. Corrugated and cardboard boxes have been replaced by plastic “clamshells”. Even our government has gotten into the act of reducing paper by forcing the use of electronic health records in the 2010 Affordable Care Act (“Key Features of the”, 2015). Because paper products are used in so many different applications, there is virtually no end to the substitute products which are
As far as computers in the future, I feel that they are going to play a major role. They will be in everyday life, in everything we do. There will be many areas affected by the wide use of computers. Areas such as: home, work, schools, automobiles, electronics, and humans. Although these areas are already affected, they will be even more as we move into the future.
Recycling is such a fantastic way for us to reuse the waste we once throw. Yet, not everything is easy to be done in this world. There many difficulties that face recycling process economically and socially. Usually In order to recycle, waste paper needs to be sorted and treated from any Impurities. Which means that companies will loss finance because there must be someone or something that could sort or treat these papers. Another problem is that to start recycling, companies needs a lot of good recyclable supply to pick it up; after all, they need good economic benefits (Problems with Recycling, 2014). According to the Waste and Resources Action Program, there are some barriers p...