“They came, they sapped, they burnt, they slew, they plundered and they departed.” This was an eyewitness account concerning the Mongolian conquests between the Amu Darya and Syr Darya Rivers quoted by the eleventh century Persian historian Ata-Malik Juvaini. It has often been a common misconception that the Mongols were all consumed by savagery and that they followed no morals or ethics. Although the Mongol Conquests brought much devastation, the great economic and social impacts that occurred after should not be disregarded. The Mongol Empire was the largest continuous land empire of all time. At the Empire’s height of power it encompassed an area five times the size of Alexander the Greats Greek Empire, extending from the Pacific Ocean …show more content…
Additionally, the book was very helpful because it provided more information about the religious effects of the Mongolian conquests in Russia. At the same time, this book had a Russian bias because they felt the Mongols had done more harm than good, but they did agree that the Mongols effectively helped the Russian Orthodox Church.
Jones, Archer. The Art of War in the Western World. Illinois: University of Illinois Press, 2001.
A great military history of the Mongols was given in this book, especially during their campaigns in Poland. Also, this book provided information about the specific battle and formations the Mongols had used in their invasions of Poland. Additionally, the book had a Polish bias and always hinted at the fact that the Mongols had a negative impact, which was tough because he rarely ever mentioned the other side of things.
Kennedy, Paul. The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers. New York: Random House Publishing,
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This book was great because it provided a great lead in and the book was credible because a renowned Persian historian wrote it in the eleventh century.
Kelly, Eirc P. The Trumpeter of Krakow. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1928.
This book was a primary source because it included first hand accounts of the trumpet playing that was instituted at the time of the Mongols. While this book did not have accounts from when the Mongols first initiated it, the book still did provide a great history about the tradition. Again, this book did not really have a bias towards any side, but this was a credible source because it was written by one of the trumpet players himself.
May, Timothy. The Mongols Conquests in World History. United Kingdom: Reaktion Books, 2013.
This book was very helpful when writing the paper because it provided great first hand accounts of the Mongol invasions in Hungary, and the positive impact the Mongols left. Additionally, the book had great background research as well and that helped in the background section of my paper. Although, this did a have clear bias against the Mongolians because he mentioned multiple times the carnage of the Mongolians without mentioning the
...trospectively. The menacing creature that is Genghis Kahn went overboard to gain as much power as he did. His strategies didn’t allow failure. Unfortunately, his success was from a sociopathic standpoint. Every win by Khan, was a loss for all others. (doc D and doc F) The law codes composed by Kahn were ridiculously unjust and ignited insolence in all men. (doc K and doc N) The yam system was the only completely harmless innovation/method created by Kahn. (doc L) Meanwhile, millions of people were still systematically murdered by Genghis and his stupendous army. (doc E and doc I) All but monotheistic religions were practically snubbed. (doc H, doc G, and doc M). The Mongols will always remain the “barbarians,” for if a society were to emerge that, by some supernatural force, exceeds the brazenness of the Mongol Empire, it would be the end of the world as we know it.
... were positive, one may argue that these individuals only saw the tolerant and fair-minded side of the Mongols, and not the relentless warrior part of the society who was known for its “dirty” tactics of war, which went as far as launching diseased-ridden corpses over the walls of castles during sieges. Alternatively, one may argue that the scholars who provided negative documentation of the Mongols only saw the destructive side, not the open-minded side of the society who were known for their cultural acceptance. Although these accounts allowed for an adequate idea of the nature of the Mongols, a record from a peasant who was not a member of the upper class in their society, as all reports presented were from historians, scholars, and political leaders. This would allow for a different perspective on the issue and would produce a better understanding of the topic.
Carpini’s History of the Tartars is a well organized and meticulous report on the Mongol Empire that is told from the perspective of Giovanni Carpini. As an overweight sixty year old friar, Carpini was an unlikely candidate to make the trek to the unexplored Mongol Empire, however because of his ability to mingle with the peasantry with ease, he was chosen to carry out this task. Through his determination to not only evangelize but also to spy on the Mongols, Carpini was able to write History of the Tartars with great detail and accuracy. Only because of Giovanni Carpini work, do we know as much about the Mongols as we do today.
The Mongols, or as the Western Europeans called them, the Tartars, were a nomadic, militant people that dominated the battlefield during the pre-industrial time period (“Tartars” 7). Over the span of the 13th century, from the Central Asian steppes in the east to the Arabian lands to the west, the Tartars subdued the unfortunate inhabitants and expanded their empire vastly. To the fear and dismay of the Western Europeans, the Tartars desired to triumph over all of Eurasia; therefore, the Western Europeans were to be conquered next. News of the imminent Tartarian attack rapidly spread through West Europe like a wildfire, and the powerful Holy Roman Church contended to prepare a strategy against the onslaught. In the year 1245, Pope Innocent IV, the head of the Church at the time, sent a group of Friars led by Giovanni da Pian del Carpini to gather some knowledge about the Tartars. It was a dreaded mission, one that would probably end in a terrible death, since the Tartars were a cruel people towards outsiders. Nevertheless, Carpini valiantly ventured into the unknown darkness, and returned to his homeland with valuable information about the Tartars. Through the insight he gained during his travels, he wrote his account of the Tartars in a report called the “Historia Mongalorum” (“Tartars” 19), which is known today as “The Story of the Mongols Whom We Call the Tartars”.
Mongol empire was the largest land empire of the world has ever seen. First began as a nomadic group of tribes. Mongols were united and emerged into an empire that conquered lands stretching from Europe to Central Asia under the rule of Genghis Khan. The Mongol empire was able to succeed in expanding, and conquering was due to their ability to adapt to any living conditions, their sheer brutality force, and their strong military organization.
The book also has an introduction where Weatherford goes to explain the origins of this book started with world commerce in mind and turned out to become a book on Genghis Khan and his achievements. Also in this introduction Weatherford main point it to convince the reader that the medieval world changed into the modern world because of the Mongols, and he expands on this idea in the introduction by explaining the size of the area the Mongols had conquered. Of course the first part of this book has to do with the rise of Genghis Khan and his ability to bring together the nomadic tribes of Mongolia. The second part of the book is all about the expansion of the Mongolian Empire but its all about the outward expansion out of Mongolia and into the rest of the continent. The third and final part to the book is about the main purpose of the book, and that would be the effect that the Mongols had on the world.
When the word “Mongol” is said I automatically think negative thoughts about uncultured, barbaric people who are horribly cruel and violent. That is only because I have only heard the word used to describe such a person. I have never really registered any initial information I have been taught about the subject pass the point of needing and having to know it. I felt quite incompetent on the subject and once I was given an assignment on the book, Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern Age, I was very perplexed for two reasons. One I have to read an outside book for a class that already requires a substantial amount of time reading the text, and secondly I have to write a research paper in History. I got over it and read the book, which surprisingly enough interested me a great deal and allow me to see the Moguls for more than just a barbaric group of Neanderthals, but rather a group of purpose driven warriors with a common goal of unity and progression. Jack Weatherford’s work has given me insight on and swayed my opinion of the Mongols.
The Mongols; a vicious and destructive military force, feared throughout its empire and under the rule of one man, Chinggis Khan. This picture of the Mongols and their empire is one often painted by our modern society. However, much of what we think we know about the Mongols has been exaggerated and biased from the point of view of the people that were conquered. In reality, the Mongols, although at times violent and destructive, bore many similarities in tactics and practices to the classical empires that had preceded them. They were not just simple barbaric savages looking to destroy whatever they could. They were a people united for a common purpose, trying to achieve it the same way that prior civilizations had done so: military force. Even though a Western perspective may find the actions of the Mongols objectionable, it must be understood that this was not a Western society, nor did it house the same values as one. The Mongols were not the destructive barbarians they are often made out to be, but rather an effective military force working for unification.
The Mongol Empire was a very powerful which conquered more land in two years than the Romans did in 400 years. Also, they controlled more than eleven million square miles. The Mongols were very important because they created nations like Russia and Korea, smashed the feudal system and created international law, and created the first free trade zone. In the beginning of the Mongol Empire, they mostly lived in foothills bordering the Siberian forests mixing heroing and hunting. They also became really good at archery and riding horses. The main reason the Mongols came to be so powerful was all because of a man named Genghis Kahn. Genghis was born around 1162 with the name Temujin. Due to the death of his father, Temujin was left under the control of his older brothers. Soon enough, he was married to a woman named Borte. Borte was later kidnapped, in which Temujin proved his military skills when saving her. Not to long after this, Temujin became the leader of his tribe. Yet, to unite the Mongol confederations it required a civil war, which Temijun ended up winning. After proving his skills and loyalty, Temijun was declared the Gr...
1. What was the impact of the mongol conquest of Russia? Of the Islamic heartlands?
The Mongols in 1241 invaded Poland with the intent of also taking Hungary. The Mongols under the leadership of Ogadei the son and chosen successor of Genghis Khan had been gaining control of Western Russia since 1236 and were in position to invade Europe. The appearance and disappearance of the Mongols in Europe was sudden. By December 1241 they returned to Mongolia after the death of Ghenghis Khan’s successor Ogadei to take part in the election of a new leader. They accomplished their objective of eliminating the threat of Henry II’s and Boseslav’s armies. Conquest of Europe had to be abandoned as a result the Mongols only accomplished the slaughter of numerous Europeans and the temporary occupation of a swath of land. Europeans attributed the military victories of the Mongols to the Mongols being not entirely human and supernatural in some way. The triumph of the Mongols was due to their discipline and tactics.
The Mongols were a fierce people who conquered many lands under the strong leadership of Genghis and Kublai Khan. From their origins in Asia to the growth of their empire that stretched from the Pacific Ocean to Eastern Europe, their inspiration of Europe lasted for centuries. Both good and bad things came from them, but overall, their reign was for the betterment of European culture. The advancements Europe made within the 1200’s could not have been accomplished without the successes of the Mongol Empire.
The military exploits of the Mongols under Ghengis Khan as well as other leaders and the ruthless brutality that characterized the Mongol conquests have survived in legend. The impact of the invasions can be traced through history from the different policies set forth to the contributions the Mongols gave the world. The idea of the ruthless barbarian’s intent upon world domination will always be a way to signify the Mongols. Living steadfast upon the barren steppe they rode out of Mongolia to pursue a better life for their people.
grew and lasted for about 108 years until they failed by trying to conquer India and were weak the Ming Dynasty overthrew the rulers. The Mongols were not afraid to kill. If one person refuses to do something for them their whole clan will pay, they would leave no survivors. That's what helped make them so successful, many had heard about their gruesome approach and surrendered and accepted submissions. The Mongolians of the Asian Steppe had a positive impact on the world during their rule of the Asian continent from 1206 to 1368 by influencing trade, warfare and uniting China.
This piece of literary work is one of the few surviving historical literature detailing about the Mongolians existence. The author is not known and even if people date it back to the year 1240, the real date when it was written and the literatures original title is still a debatable matter. Nevertheless, irrespective of these uncertainties, one thing is known to be for sure; the secret history of the Mongols is a piece of literary works that bears a lot of importance in literature and history. It owes its importance to the fact that it serves as a recount of the Mongol Khans genealogy and the times and life of Genghis Khan who founded the state of Mongol. The story tries to unveil the mysteries of great legends that existed in history.