Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
The role of consideration in contract law uk
The role of consideration in contract law uk
The role of consideration in contract law uk
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: The role of consideration in contract law uk
1.0 Introduction
In this Essay we will be discussing of what does a consideration consist of and how to recognise the element that is influencing the court’s decision when the issue come in relation to perform their exiting duties.
We shall also discuss what are the general rules when comes for the formation of a contract and what are the different solutions when comes to the breaching of a contract with example of some cases.
This topic need an analysis how can consideration has the main role to play when it comes of an enforceable contract. To understand this we need to know first what the definition is given for a consideration in contract law.
2.0 Origins of consideration
As said by Edward Jenks, the doctrine of consideration was practised in 1890. But he traces its evolution to its origin to the twelfth century. He debated on the fact that the doctrine of consideration was not known by the Roman jurists. It became part of the English law purely as a matter of coincidence, as an incidental result of a unique manner of evidence; and it was not until it was well known to the extent that men raised its value as a doctrine of substantive law.
But John Wilson Twyford claims that since 1809 the common law has clearly mentioned that a promise by a party to execute an Act that he or she is legally supposed to do is not a good consideration. Hence from this statement we can conclude that a promise received in exchange is not mandatory. This is so that is it that the promise would have the consideration of building a new contract. This rule has been a subject which has received a criticism from time to time but nevertheless functioned with full figure until 1991. This rule was in vogue in that time and they were unknown to the fact that...
... middle of paper ...
...ty fail to satisfy this order, they will have to pay for damages.
5.0 Conclusion
The most importance element of a contract law is the consideration part. If consideration is absent from a contract then the enforceability of the contract will not be valid in the eyes of law. The doctrine of consideration is certainly not a western idea but it was develop by the means of common exertion and by the concept that is found in common law countries. The need of doctrine consideration is now going to be part of civil countries as well as they need to adopt the rule which is circulating across the world which is known the doctrine of consideration. Obligations have been changed and now the system of law has upgraded to another level of technological world. The importance of doctrine of consideration in contract says it all that an agreement alone cannot make a contract.
However, the common law of contracts did not adequately address the specialized transactions that are routine in the sales of goods. Thus, while many of the principles of the common law of contracts are reflected in the UCC, there are important differences. One such difference lies in the acceptance of an offer. Under the common law of contracts, an acceptance must objectively manifest intent to contract.
The article suggests that mutual intention should replace objective presumptions of intention to provide sufficient evidence for contract formations and argues that the Australian court system has a long way to go. It further investigates the different court hierarchies and examines the impact to them through different case law. The central argument presents that evidence of intention should be of utmost importance and considered in every case, negating a flat objective
The case of Bernard, Charleen & Damien v. Alan depicts the obligations of an offeror and offeree, if the contract is permitted and if the sale of goods were delivered as per the terms stated in the initial offer or contract. There were no intention to create legal relations as this case was held between the context of social and domestic agreements amongst friends and family.
Andrews N, Strangers to Justice No Longer: The Reversal of the Privity Rule under the Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999 (2001) 60 The Cambridge Law Journal 353
...aw in the US and Australia where the doctrine can be used to found a cause of action to remedy the non-performance of a promise unsupported by consideration. In the UK however, it is a means where contractual rights may be suspended, but not by which new rights can be formed. In the US, where the doctrine can be used as a cause of action and has been used in multiple cases, commentators have claimed that the doctrine is a ‘flexible means of achieving fairness’ and ‘cannot be reduced to a precise formula or series of tests’ .
The law of contract in many legal systems requires that parties should act in good faith. English law refuses to impose such a general doctrine of good faith in the field of contract law. However, despite not recognizing the principle, English contract law is still influenced by notions of good faith. As Lord Bingham affirmed, the law has developed numerous piecemeal solutions in response to problems of unfairness. This essay will seek to examine the current and future state of good faith in English contract law.
HILLIARD, J. And O’SULLIVAN, J. (2012) The Law of Contract [Online] 5th Ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available from - http://books.google.co.uk/ [Accessed: 2nd January 2014]
The English contract Offer and Acceptance General principles There are three basic essentials to the creation of a contract which will be recognised and enforced by the courts. These are: contractual intention, agreement and consideration. The Definition of an Offer. This is an expression of willingness to contract made with the intention (actual or apparent) that it shall become binding on the offeror as soon as the person to whom it is addressed accepts it. An offer can be made to one person or a group of persons, or to the world at large.
This judgment given set criterion which is still been used in the modern court system and due to this case it was developed that an offer of contract can be unilateral and doesn’t have to be made to a specific party only. Also it was developed to that the acceptance of an offer does not require a notification and that once the concerned party purchases the product the contract is active then and there itself. And it was also established that purchase of an item is a fine example of consideration and therefore makes it a valid contract. (Smith, 2000).
The old common law had a doctrine of absolute contract under which contractual obligations were binding no matter what might occur (Paradine v Jane, 1647). In order to ease the hardship which this rule caused in cases where the contract could not be properly fulfilled through no fault of either party but due to occurrence of unforeseen events, the doctrine of frustration was developed.
Despite it’s longevity, consideration is not without criticism. Lord Goff observed in White v Jones that: ‘our law of contract is widely seen as deficient in the sense that it is perceived to be hampered by the presence of an unnecessary doctrine of consideration’. Abolition has been urged. Since the publication of the Law Revision Committee’s report in 1937, la...
This essay will examine the doctrine of Judicial precedent that helps form the English Legal System. It will illustrate various views that have been raised by Judges and relating cases to the use of ‘Stare decisis’ when creating precedents. In addition it will discuss how the developments in the powers of the courts now also allow them to depart from these precedents to an extent.
A contract is an agreement between two parties in which one party agrees to perform some actions in return of some consideration. These promises are legally binding. The contract can be for exchange of goods, services, property and so on. A contract can be oral as well as written and also it can be part oral and part written but it is useful to have written contract otherwise issues can be created in future. But both the written as well as oral contract is legally enforceable. Also if there is a breach of contract, there are certain remedies for that which are discussed later in the assignment. There are certain elements which need to be present in a contract. These elements are discussed in the detail in the assignment. (Clarke,
The courts of England and Wales acknowledge that the above must be something of value, in order to amount to consideration. A valuable consideration in the perspective of the English La...