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Gender Roles in Toys, Games, and Media
Most children remember the kinds of things they played as kids. Like hopscotch, playing house, watched Yu-Gi-Oh! And played with the cards, marbles, or maybe even spent their time playing GameBoy. However did any of these childhood entertainments have an effect on us growing up? And does it influence and encourage our Gender Roles? For the most part toys, games, and media do have an effect to some extent it does reinforce our idea of gender roles when children grow up and play into their character.
In most societies when children are born, they are immediately enculturated to what their gender is, in which they adapt to the cultural norms and characteristics of that society, which is different from sex,
For example, in America once an Infant is born the first question that typically comes into one 's mind is “Is it a boy or a girl?” That question then leads to having what items that child should have to play with. If you go into Toys-R-Us or a children 's clothing store, there’s no requirement for a label to indicate where the boys or girls section is. If a child is born a girl most of us can already imagine pink, soft, dolls, stuff toys, dress-up games along with hair and Make-Up. Then, if the kid is a boy we already see Blue, rough and tough activities, Cars, action video games, action-figures, and sports. Both examples of incongruous gender typing where it refers to the characteristics that relate to an individual non-biologically. Another example of recognizing gender differences is within the media. When children watch television shows, most are not gender neutral, for example an old American children 's TV show called Barney. Barney is a television series that ran from 1992 and is still ongoing. Within the show there are two main characters with him (not including riff) and that 's baby bop and B.J. They’re siblings within the show and it’s obvious that the characters strongly represent
There’s peer influence as well as certain activities that are expected from children by their own parents, although sometimes it 's not entirely intentional. That would include clothing, behavior, and materials they’re to play with such as dolls or trucks. If the kids were to reject their culture 's expectations, similar to most cultures, deviating from the norm is frowned upon, so that factor reinforces the idea of gender role and identity within households, schools, and neighborhoods. Now in environmental influences, in school kids are taught pretty early to learn what the idea of shame is and they learn to be embarrassed and next time around to make sure that they fit in and at an earlier time if a kid too different they grow up to be an outcast. Children also commonly model their parents and, usually, are often closer to the parent who shares the same gender as that child. This includes if Mom washes the dishes and she’s naturally understanding and appeals more to caring side while Dad appears more as a sort of rigid wallet (again, stereotypes of course). The kid would also notice the occupations of what a female and male would have in that society, which is the Sexual Division of Labor (DSL) the term that comes from Hunter and Gatherer Societies which is similar to the idea of Gender Stratification. The SDL refers to the specialized jobs for each gender and promotes the
The actual timeframe in which kids discover their genders is open for debate, as not all scientists agree on the ages. Blum states, “some scientists argue for some evidence of gender awareness in infancy, perhaps by the age of 12 months. The consensus seems to be that full-blown “I’m a girl” or “I’m a boy” instincts arrive between the ages of 2 and 3” (Blum 208). Furthermore, the family environment plays a massive role in helping children discover their sex. Children living in a long-established family setting that has a father and a mother might develop their gender identities more closely. In contrast, children in a contemporary family environment might grasp a more diverse view of gender roles, such as everyone participating in cleaning the house and not just mom. As children grow older, they naturally develop behavior patterns of close relations with the kids of the same sex, and prefer to spend their time with them. Blum explains “interviews with children find that 3-year-olds say that about half their friendships are with the opposite sex” (Blum 208). In this stage of life, the boys want to hang out with other boys. Similarly, girls wanted to spend more time with the other girls. As a result, each gender has little or no contact with each other until they approach their teenage years. Overall, the question here is whether our gender roles occur naturally or affected by family and friends. I believe it is a case for both, because I remember growing up in a “traditional” household where I saw the distinctions between my mother and father. My father went to work every day and my mother took care of me and my brother. Furthermore, my understanding of gender carried on into my school years, as I preferred hanging out with other boys and did boy stuff until I started dating. I also understand that gender behaviors and roles do not stop at this point, and we continue to develop other behaviors
Pike, J. J., & Jennings, N. A. (2005). The Effects of Commercials on Children’s Perceptions of Gender Appropriate Toy Use. Sex Roles, 52(1/2), 83-91. doi:10.1007/s11199-005-1195-6
Based on my observation, Walmart is one of the toy retailers labeled and categorized toys by gender. They placed “Girls” and “Boys” signs over their toy aisles. Initially, I studied the toys under
The clusters of social definitions used to identify persons by gender are collectively known as “femininity” and “masculinity.” Masculine characteristics are used to identify persons as males, while feminine ones are used as signifiers for femaleness. People use femininity or masculinity to claim and communicate their membership in their assigned, or chosen, sex or gender. Others recognize our sex or gender more on the basis of these characteristics than on the basis of sex characteristics, which are usually largely covered by clothing in daily life.
Francis’s study analyzes three to five-year-old preschool students as well as their parents about their views about toys and viewing materials based on gender. The study showed that parental beliefs shaped their child 's opinions of gender roles based on the toys they played with. The parent 's idea of what is female and what is male is transferred onto the toys their child plays with which in terms developed their child 's stereotype of what is male and female based on their toy selection and color. In the article “How do today 's children play and with which toys?”, by Klemenovic reference that a child 's view on gender stereotypes is developed by their parents who train them on how to use the toys. Klemenovic (2014) states "Adults start training in the first months of a child 's life because knowledge of objects is the outcome of other people 's behavior towards us" (Klemenovic, 2014, p. 184). Young children’s development of gender stereotypes is largely influenced by his or her parent’s actions and view on what they consider male or female. A parent’s color preference and toy selection can influence a child’s gender bias or association to a specific
I believe the construction toys message overall has a positive effect on boys because in our society men are physically superior to women and it should be the men that do the blue collared jobs. The wrestling action figures I believe have both positive and negative affects on children, particularly for boys. I see the being strong message as positive, because it’s expected of men in our society to be strong. Also, I see the message about men needing to be able to fight as particularly negative because fighting isn’t always a good way to look for a solution in a time of conflict. A lot of times, fighting just escalates a bad situation to and even worse situation. As for the girls toys, such as the Calico Critters and baby scroller, I don’t see either of these as having any glaring positive or negative affects. If anything can be said about girls toys is that there isn’t a wide variety of choices. Most of the toys are family orientated, household responsibilities, or just looking cute. If there’s a negative affect about this it’s that it’s just showing girls a small range of activities they could be doing. When they grow up these three types of toys will greatly impact the way they look at life. Being family orientated, taking care of household responsibilities, and looking cute will be very important to
Sure, the rooms that children grow up in are a start, but the color of a room can’t determine how they will act their entire lives. Gender roles are learned in various places, such as school, church, from parents, and on television. As a child, a common game to play is, “House.” It is easy to see that even early on, a little girl knows that she is the mother and stays home to take care of the baby while her husband goes off to work (“List of Gender Stereotypes”). It is believed that these behaviors are majorly learned from parents, but can also be taught through television. Many common t.v. shows highlight typical gender roles within the home, allowing children to believe that it is “normal.” This is not even the extent of where these behaviors are learned- many come from school as well. From an early age kids learn in school what famous men in history are famous for, and what famous women are famous for. Children also learn the typical occupations of men and women in history. Most women that are nurses or teachers, while the men are lumberjacks or politicians. These are just a few examples of how many places children are drowned with information about gender stereotypes, and the pressure there is to follow
From this research of examining how gender socialization is projection through toys to children, have led to conclusion that in order to prevent children from living by these stereotypes portrayed through toys, parents should encourage gender-neutral and cross-gender play in children at an early age. Just for the mere that their brain is so receptive to knowledge into creating to become the person they are to be in life. Give children a chance to not only have fun while playing with their toys and that there aren’t any pressures on them that this what they should be and that there a mind full options that they can choose from.
Women and men both play crucial roles in our society. Through the years, we like to presume that gender roles aren’t perceived as they once were. Is that the case? Looking through pieces of literature such as “I want a wife” (1971) by Judy Brandy, “Barbie Doll” by Marge Piercy (1973), and “The Yellow Wallpaper” by Charlotte Perkins Gilman (1899) and comparing them to modern day depicts how much gender roles changed. Gender roles have not changed a whole lot; they did change, but defiantly not as much as we like to believe. Women have more freedom and independence now than ever before, but that doesn’t change the fact that they are still controlled and objectified.
Girls are supposed to play with dolls, wear pink, and grow up to become princesses. Boys are suppose to play with cars, wear blue, and become firefighters and policemen. These are just some of the common gender stereotypes that children grow up to hear. Interactions with toys are one of the entryway to different aspects of cognitive development and socialism in early childhood. As children move through development they begin to develop different gender roles and gender stereotypes that are influenced by their peers and caregivers.
In fact, gender socialization appears very early in childhood, and it is generally regarded as one of the most related issues in early childhood. (Early Childhood, 2007) Children learn the differences between boys and girls by the environment they are exposed to, and the ideas are reinforced mainly by family, education, peer groups, and the mass media.
From a young age , many individuals worldwide are socialized according to their gender and what is appropriate for males and females. Socializing according to ones gender starts from the moment you are born when the nurses give you either a blue or pink blanket to wrap the child in. This allows society to known whether the child is a male or female. The double standard for gender occurs within many areas of development for instance the clothes one wears, the toys that are placed with, the jobs and careers one chooses in their later life. Attachment given by a child's parent reinforces an individual to be socialized and children can also contribute how their parents treat and see them , these are social constructs within parenting (Ambert,2012). All of these things can be gender separated and still are in today's society. Another area where males and females are socialized differently is in the area of sexuality and what is acceptable for males is not always for the female gender. Gender specific norms govern the appropriate amount of partners , when it is acceptable to engage in sexual activity and what motivates ones behavior (Kreager &Staff, 2009). This shows society individuals are socialized according to their gender because males are socialized into behaving a different way than girls but it still be accepted as a norm. Women are taught that it is okay to have sexual relationships but they need a reason, example being in a committed relationship, where as men just need a place. This is a common perception based on ones gender , formed from a western conservative view point ( Fugere et.al, 2008). Gender socialization is a process where boys are seen to be given wings and girls are to be given roots (Myers, Spencer, Jordan...
...or and the way they dress up. From this it concludes that the media and online gaming can create and reinforce gendered behaviors. Those video games affect the child identity and their perception of others.
Another way people are socialized into their gender is through cognition. This is a mental process that affects between the stimulus and the response of a person. For example, it plays a key role in our ability to talk, anticipate consequences, and make everyday observations. For the ability to talk, we can tell our daughter that we like it when she plays with dolls and we don’t like it when she plays with cars. This would be the
Gender is the psychological characteristics and social categories that are created by human culture. Doing gender is the concept that humans express their gender when they interact with one another. Messages about how a male or female is supposed to act come from many different places. Schools, parents, and friends can influence a person. Another major factor that influences millions of impressionable females and males is television. Not only does the television teach each sex how to act, it also shows how one sex should expect the other sex to act. In the current television broadcasting, stereotypical behavior goes from programming for the very small to adult audiences. In this broadcasting range, females are portrayed as motherly, passive and innocent, sex objects, or they are overlooked completely or seen as unimportant entities.