Gender Equality: Dr. Morrison

1379 Words3 Pages
bulb-icon

Recommended: Essays about gender inequality in sports

Gender inequality affected sporting activities among high school and colleges in America in the 1970s, to an extent that the female gender were marginalized and could not freely participate in games like athletics, basketball and hockey (Houser, 2013). There even existed one sporting body, the National Collegiate Athletic Association, which over saw the sporting activities at this level. This body was reported to be in opposition of the female gender sporting activities. It was not until the year 1972, when the popular title IX, was passed into law. This title read that “no person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance.” The core theme of title IX was to eliminate discrimination in the sporting sector and to promote the status of the female gender in the same field. This title is contained in the Education Amendment Act of the year 1972, and it was meant to fill the gaps present in the title VII, which was included in the Civil Rights applied into law in the year1964 (ibid). It after the emergence of this title that brought the motivation towards the implementation of equality in the sporting sector, an idea that was pushed for by the popular Lonnie Leotus “Lee” Morrison. This essay accounts for the efforts made by Morrison in effort towards achieving gender equality in sports at high school and college level.
What she has done and what she is yet to achieve
The major achievement of Dr. Morrison is the establishment of gender equality in the sporting sector she was determined to raise the status and competition level of sporting activities in terms ...

... middle of paper ...

...ks Cited

Coughlin, (May, 2, 2008). Morrison a Pioneer for Female Sports. Savannah Morning News.
Retrieved 13 February 2014. From, http://savannahnow.com/
FIFA CONGRESS 2013. (2013). Nsekera first woman to be elected to the FIFA Executive
Committee. Retrieved 13 February 2014. From, http://www.fifa.com/aboutfifa/organisation/bodies/congress/news/newsid=2088890/
Houser, J. (2013). Dr. Leotus “Lee” Morrison: A Legacy at Madison College. Retrieved 13 February
2014. From, http://sites.jmu.edu/mad70s/2013/04/07/dr-leotus-lee-morrison-a-legacy-at-madison-college/
JMUSPORTS.COM. (2014). 1992 Dr. Leotus Morrison. . Retrieved 13 February
2014. From, http://www.jmusports.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=14400&ATCLID=205975585
Shaw, S., M., & Janet, L. (2012). Women’s voices, feminist visions: classic and contemporary readings. 5th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.

Show More
Related

  • Title IX and its Importance

    903 Words  | 2 Pages

    Today many Athletic Directors do a good job of administering the Title IX programs and arguably almost no athlete today even knows that there was ever a time when women’s sports were not a fabric of the school and that the female athletes were supported by the student bodies as evidenced by sold out arenas for such women’s basketball programs as UConn, Tennessee, and Stanford.

    Read More

  • Title IX Pros And Cons

    1906 Words  | 4 Pages

    Title IX and the Education Amendments of 1972 were created to defend equal opportunities for women of all ages. Since its inception 44 years ago, women have seen impressive strides as well as disappointing failures. Social prejudice continues to exist limiting female participation opportunities, benefits for female athletes, coaching opportunities, and increased exposure to sexual assault and abuse. Few institutions treat female athletes equally due to the lack of enforcement by collegiate athletic departments. The enforcement of Title IX has not been a priority among far too many educational institutions leaving women open to discrimination and mistreatment.

    Read More

  • College Sports - Women in Sports and Title IX

    1941 Words  | 4 Pages

    Since the 1972 conception of Title IX of the Education Amendments, the number of women participating in intercollegiate athletics has increased five-fold, from fewer than 30,000, to more 150,000 in 2001. However, more than 400 men’s athletics teams have been dismantled since Title IX, the law forbidding sex discrimination at institutions receiving federal funds, became law. Some would say this is due, in part, to Title IX enforcement standards like proportionality. Proportionality requires that an institution’s athletic population must be of an equal ratio to its general student body. Among some of the 400-plus teams dismantled by Title IX are several former Colorado State University teams including wrestling, baseball, gymnastics, men’s swimming and diving, and men’s tennis. CSU student athletes no longer sport the opportunity of participating in these activities at the NCAA Division I level, and the days of the student body rooting for their ram teams are gone, possibly forever. Now the search is on to find a solution to the problems associated with Title IX if, indeed, a solution is ultimately necessary.

    Read More

  • Racism in Sports and the African American College Athlete

    642 Words  | 2 Pages

    The role of college athletics in the American home is known to all. The traditional football games on Thanksgiving and New Year's Day. March Madness for NCAA men's basketball as well as the year's end Rose bowl for college football leaves fans glued to their televisions for hours. Millions of Americans stare at ESPN or absorb themselves in the most recent issue of Sports Illustrated just to catch the latest news on their favorite teams' recruits, recent games, and statistics. Often just viewed as a past time to most it is easy to lose sight of why these athletes are on the field , court, etc. to begin with. Believe it or not, it's for their education. These young adults ranging anywhere from seventeen to twenty-three years of age are all members of the NCAA (National Collegiate Athletic Association). As such these students must initially meet the requirements to get accepted into their chosen university, participate in their sport, and ultimately graduate from their selected institution. It is often forgotten that these members are students first and athletes second. Delving deeper into this very controversial matter are the race and gender issues that come into play. The most affected minority group affected by these stipulations and is the African American. While struggling through the ongoing prejudice and discrimination that still exists today, African American athletes are still expected to follow the same guidelines as every other student that participates in college athletics. By investigating the trends from the past years of African American athletes beginning with their entrance into college throughout their athletic and academic careers and then a...

    Read More

  • Gender Equity in College Sports

    1143 Words  | 3 Pages

    The enactment of this Title has significantly changed the playing field for athletic departments through out the nation by altering their funding systems to comply with its rules. As a result, women have benefited greatly. There have been additions of female sports as well as an increase of the number of scholarships awarded to female athletes, and also a lot more funding to provide more “equitable” facilities for them. According to the NCAA Gender Equity Studies , “from 1992 to 1997 NCAA institutions have increased the number of female athletes by 5,800. But tragically during that time these colleges also eliminated 20,900 male athletes.” (Kocher p.1) This dramatic landslide has occurred because athletic departments are under pressure to rapidly increase the proportion of female athletes by whatever means necessary. As the path toward complete “equality” gradually brightens for women in college athletics, a dark path is now becoming evident. Male athletes, in a sense, are now being discriminated against because of Title IX.

    Read More

  • The Title IX Of The Education Amendment Act Of 1972

    724 Words  | 2 Pages

    Title IX is also known as the Education Amendment Act of 1972. It enforces that there is no discrimination based upon sex in any sports program. “The difference between amateur and professional sports lies in reward that each group receives for athletic performances.” (Athletics). “Title IX does get blames for cutting men’s sports. It allows schools to decide what teams they will offer, both men and women’s.” (Generation IX). “Over the past twenty five years, the relationship between girls and sports has changed dramatically.” (Mcphee 139-142). It has transformed the way sports will be forever.

    Read More

  • Title IX Law: Sex Discrimination In The Realm Of Sports

    283 Words  | 1 Pages

    Title IX has been a point of contention since its introduction in the Education Amendments of 1972 (Ambrosius, 2012). Title IX outlined that no person should be excluded by gender from participation in or benefits received from any program or activity receiving federal funding (Ambrosius, 2012). One of the major areas where Title IX law made its impact was in the realm of athletics. Title IX has received greater enforcement and attention, and with that many of adjustments have been made by sporting institutions.

    Read More

  • Persuasive Essay On Women In Sports

    605 Words  | 2 Pages

    Today more than any other time period, equality has become a hot topic for discussion. One of the major topic is, should women be allowed to compete with men in sports on the same or opposing teams. Due to a lot of differences in physical characteristics, sporting interest, and economic considerations; it’s not a good idea to bring teams consisting of both genders together. To begin with, we have to question whether there’s even a want from the general public for girls being allowed to play on boys’ sports teams. Very few athletes in sports are barely even bothered about the fact women can’t play on male sport teams. If there’s no true desire to combine the teams, it only makes sense to not try a force unneeded change.

    Read More

  • Title IX

    996 Words  | 2 Pages

    In 1970 only 1 in 27 girls participated in high school sports, today that ratio is 1 in 3. Sports are a very important part of the American society. Within sports heroes are made, goals are set and dreams are lived. The media makes all these things possible by creating publicity for the rising stars of today. Within society today, the media has downplayed the role of the woman within sports. When the American people think of women in sports, they think of ice skating, field hockey and diving. People don’t recognize that women have the potential to play any sport that a Man can play, with equal skill, if not better.

    Read More

  • Gender Inequality In Sport Essay

    865 Words  | 2 Pages

    Unintentionally, a lot of us have been boxed into institutions that promote gender inequality. Even though this was more prominent decades ago, we still see how prevalent it is in today’s world. According to the authors of the book, Gender: Ideas, Interactions, Institutions, Lisa Wade and Myra Marx Ferree define gendered institutions as “the one in which gender is used as an organizing principle” (Wade and Ferree, 167). A great example of such a gendered institution is the sports industry. Specifically in this industry, we see how men and women are separated and often differently valued into social spaces or activities and in return often unequal consequences. This paper will discuss the stigma of sports, how gender is used to separate athletes, and also what we can learn from sports at Iowa State.

    Read More

  • Title IX: The Role Of Gender Equality In Sports

    1272 Words  | 3 Pages

    "Since the passage of Title IX in 1972, opportunities for female athletes at the collegiate level have increased dramatically. While collegiate funding of women's athletic still lags woefully behind funding for men's programs, there is no question that the increased opportunities for women has enriched thousands of women's lives (Fields, 1997, p 28-29). " Title IX provided women with great opportunities to become successful. When women received scholarships they would not normally get with the passing of this law; they were given chances to work in sports as coaches and athletic trainers.

    Read More

  • Women and Sports

    3158 Words  | 7 Pages

    It has taken many years for women to gain a semblance of equality in sports. Throughout history, women have been both excluded from playing sports and discriminated against in sports. Men’s sports have always dominated the college athletic field, but women were finally given a fighting chance after Title IX was passed. Title IX, among other things, requires scholarships to be equally proportioned between men and women’s sports. Although this was a huge gain for women, gender inequality still exists in sports today. An example of this persisting inequality can be seen when looking at men’s baseball and women’s softball. In college, baseball and softball are both major NCAA sports. It is widely accepted throughout today’s society that baseball is a man’s sport, and softball is a woman’s sport. Very few people question why the two sexes are separated into two different sports, or wonder why women play softball instead of baseball. Fewer people know that women have been essentially excluded from playing baseball for a long time. This paper will focus on why softball has not changed the way women’s basketball has, why women continue to play softball, the possibilities and dynamics of women playing baseball with and without men, and the most discriminating aspect of women being banned from playing professional baseball.

    Read More

  • The Results of Title IX on Women's Sports

    489 Words  | 1 Pages

    Over two decades have passed since the enactment of Title IX, a federal law prohibiting sex discrimination in federally funded education, including athletics. As a result of Title IX, women and girls have benefited from more athletic participation opportunities and more equitable facilities. Because of Title IX, more women have received athletic scholarships and thus opportunities for higher education that some may not have been able to afford otherwise. In addition, because of Title IX the salaries of coaches for women's teams have increased. Despite the obstacles women face in athletics, many women have led and are leading the way to gender equity.

    Read More

  • Men and Women in Nontraditional Sports as Portrayed in Film

    927 Words  | 2 Pages

    ...ach step in athletics for women is a fight. Title IX did not solve all the problems as colleges and schools across the country have an equal number of sports for men and women. Over time women's athletics have acquired this image that is negative and often times drives women away from playing sports at all. We need to change this negative image so more women will be conformable doing the sports they love. Women playing un-traditional sports are a start in this process. Along with the cost of playing non-traditional sports that are sometimes harmful, there will be a benefit no matter the consequences. The benefit of women playing freely, without the fear of being judged or hurt by other people is a benefit that is superior than all the obstacle women go through. It is my hope that someday women will be able to play freely, and in hopes in having fun playing the game.

    Read More

  • Should Female Athletes Be Paid The Same As Male Athletes?

    1899 Words  | 4 Pages

    “A woman is human. She is not better, wiser, stronger, more intelligent, more creative, or more responsible than a man. Likewise, she is never less. Equality is a given. A woman is human,” Vera Nazarian. Unfortunately now in the United States, women are being treated less than their male counterparts, especially when it comes to professional athletics. In an article entitled, Taking a Closer Look at the Gender Pay Gap in Sports, written by John Walters on newsweek.com, he exclaims, “Each player on the USWNT earns $99,000 per year provided the team wins 20 “friendlies” (exhibition matches), the minimum number of matches they would play. By contrast, each men’s player would earn $263,320 for the same feat and would still earn $100,000 if the team lost all 20 games.” Not only does this topic relate to the difference in pay for women and men in soccer but it also relates to all of the other sports like, basketball, tennis and the many other were males participate too in separate organizations. The topic on whether female athletes should be paid the same as their male counterparts, is a massive debate with two opposing sides. On one side of the debate, people believe male driven associations produce more revenue than female driven associations, the competition in male sports is more intense, and more fans want to see thunderous dunks and the athletic ability of males over the lesser abilities of what females can do. On the contrary, female athletics aren 't given the same recognition or praise, females go through the same types of workouts males go through and they participate in the same types of events, and females don 't have the same abilities as males due to the way they ar...

    Read More

More about Gender Equality: Dr. Morrison

Open Document