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Youth gang violence classical theory
Gangs research paper
Gang violence sociology
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Gangs have been around for a long time and have caused many problems in society. When people think of gangs they might think Los Angeles or Chicago, but Oklahoma’s gang violence has been at the same level as most major cities are dealing with. Gangs are a major problem in Oklahoma.
Gang members continue to increase in the state of Oklahoma. The main age group that joins these gangs are teenagers and pre-teens. Kids without enough attention or not having a father figure in their life tend to join gangs. Kids want comfort and security and some feel they can find that in gangs. And those are the kids we really need to focus on if we want to help prevent gangs in our society.
Crips are a major gang affiliation that was formed in the year of 1969 in Los Angeles, California. The two men responsible for its creation were Raymond Lee Washington and Stanley Tookie Williams. There is an estimate of 30,000 to 35,000 gang members in the United States. Bloods are also a major gang affiliation, and was created in 1972 also in Los Angeles. Pirus are the creators of this gang. Crips and Bloods have an intense rivalry between each other that has been going on ever since both were created(“Gangs”).Though the Crips and Bloods have a long history, they are just two of the gangs that exist.
People think most gang members are crips or bloods who came from Los Angeles, but today there are a lot of neighborhood sects that cause a lot of mischief (Million). "Gangs are no longer just an urban problem. Ten counties account for 59.2 percent of juveniles handled by the state between 1999 and 2006. These counties account for 74 percent of the identified gang members"(Million). "Many gang members have similar background factors: low educational achievement...
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...ed By Oklahoma House."Journal Record, The (Oklahoma City, OK) (n.d.): Regional Business News. Web. 21 Jan. 2014.
Marks, Jay F. "City Wins $2.5 Million In Anti-Gang Funds: ?There Is No Future In Being A Member Of A Gang,' Federal Attorney General Says During Visit." Daily Oklahoman, The (OK) (2007): Newspaper Source Plus. Web. 21 Jan. 2014.
Million, David R. "Neighborhoods Are Growing Their Own Gangs: Oklahoma Anti-Gang Model Is Working In North, East And South Tulsa Areas." Tulsa World (OK) (2007): Newspaper Source Plus. Web. 10 Jan. 2014.
Nick, O'Malley. "Killing 'was a Gang Initiation'." Canberra Times 23 Aug. 2013: 10. Newspaper Source Plus. Web. 21 Jan. 2014.
Spencer, Gainey. "Federal Officials Laud Oklahoma's Efforts to Reduce Gang Violence." Journal Record Legislative Report (Oklahoma City, OK) n.d.: Regional Business News. Web. 21 Jan. 2014.
Over the past 60 years there has been a recent phenomenon in the development and rise of gangs and gang violence. This is exceptionally apparent in South Central Los Angeles, where the Bloods and the Crips have taken control of the social structure and created a new type of counter culture. Poverty in this area is an enormous problem caused by a sheer lack of jobs; but just because there is a lack of jobs doesn’t mean that there will be a lack of bills to pay, so sometimes selling drugs in order to keep a roof over your head seems like the most logical option. Crime often times flourishes in these regions because the inconvenient truth is; crime pays. Senator Tom Hayden stated “It’s been defined as a crime problem and a gang problem
Gangs have been in existence since the beginning of the Roman Empire. There were speeches made by Roman orator, Marcus Tullius Cicero, which references groups of men who constantly fought and disrupted Roman politics (Curry, 2013). The history of street gangs in the United States begins with their emergence on the East Coast around 1783, as the American Revolution ended. Though many believe the best available evidence suggests that the more serious street gangs likely did not emerge until the early part of the nineteenth century (Sante, 1991). Although our country has had their share of feared gangs like in the 1980’s with the turf war between the Bloods and Crips, back in the 17th and 18th century the Mohocks of Georgian, England were one of the most feared gangs. What draws juveniles to the gang lifestyle? Many people will say that most gang members are children from impoverished communities, single family homes where there was no father present, or maybe there is a more psychological/sociological answer? By appearance and presence most gangs cause fear, crime, and disillusionment in the communities they occupy. Throughout history joining a gang has been perceived as a life without any reward, yet by joining this lifestyle many juveniles are able to gain the needed stability and security in their lives.
US Attorney's Office. "Investigation of Northeast Oklahoma City Street Gang Results in 56 Convictions and a Collective Prison Sentence of Over 414 Years." FBI. FBI, 27 Apr. 2012. Web. 20 Jan. 2014.
U.S. Department of Justice. Findings from the Evaluation of OJJDP’s Gang Reduction Program. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 2010.
Crips and Bloods: Made in America took place in south of Los Angeles focusing on gang violence among two fearsome African American gangs, Crips and Bloods. The documentary sends the viewer to the roots of the social strains of African American people that created Crips and Bloods. After the Civil War in the United States, slaves were granted freedom, they moved far from the south. As time passed African Americans were faced with many hardships from loss of jobs to racial profiling from law enforcement.
Washington’s intentions did not go far. He thought that he could get the gang together and be ”neighborhood watchers.” He made several neighborhood kid cliques called the “Baby Avenue” (Aka Avenue cribs). By late 1971 the “Cribs” were being referred to as Crips and their reputation grew. By 1972, there were about eight Neighborhood Crips Rollin’ 60’s gangs, which grew to about 45% in 1978. Around this time, Washington met Stanley Tookie Williams who lived on the west side and recruited him into the crips. In 1979, Raymond Lee Washington was killed and Stanley Tookie Williams was sentenced to prison for quadruple murder (Street gangs). The Neighborhood Crips Rollin’ 6o’s (NHC) was one of the fastest growing organization in the history of gangs at this point. This gang got it’s name from Washington thinking they were neighborhood watchers and came from a neighborhood. Rollin’ 6o’s came from the years it was founded in-1960’s Some of the first crips gangs came from Los Angeles California and included the following; East Side Crips, Compton Crips, West Side
Several California cities recently moved forward with gang injunctions to reduce violent crime rates. Gang injunctions have become a distinct Californian approach to fight crimes since they were first introduced in the 1980s in Los Angeles. The injunctions that have been granted primarily affect impoverished, minority neighborhoods and may actually serve to further stigmatize and oppress innocent minority youth who also live in these communities. Cities have issued them to fight local gangs, and promise that gang injunctions will cut down violent crime rate, and make the neighborhoods more safer; ho...
According to the 2015 National Gang Report (NGR) from the National Gang Intelligence Center (NGIC) almost half of law enforcement juristictions across the United States reported a rise in street gang membership and street gang activitiy. My communitty is no exception.
Gang involvement has been quite higher than past years. The 2008 National Youth Gang Survey estimates that about 32.4 percent of all cities, suburban areas, towns, and rural counties had a gang problem (Egley et al., 2010). This represented a 15 percent increase from the year 2002. The total number of gangs has also increased by 28 percent and total gang members have increased by 6 percent (Egley et al., 2010). This shows how relevant gang related activity is in today’s society. More locations are beginning to experience gang activity for the first time. Gang crime has also been on the rise in the past...
"Native American Involvement in the Gang Subculture." Community Corrections. Community Corrections Institute, July 13. Web. 02 Apr. 14.
The first chapter of Policing Gangs in America is entitled, “Studying the Police Response to Gangs.” The primary purpose of the chapter is to establish how police agencies; Inglewood, Las Vegas, Albuquerque and Phoenix in specific, respond to gang problems in their respective areas. This chapter served as an introduction, giving a brief history of gang-related policing, how the public and media see the gang problem, research studies done regarding gangs and the recent declaration to shift away from suppression-oriented strategies as a result of overly aggressive actions toward citizens. Examples of this misconduct are given in the forms of gang units from Las Vegas, Chicago and Houston.
Scott, S. (2012). Mayoral Agenda: What To Do About Gang Violence. Weekend Edition Saturday (NPR).
Attorney General's Report to Congress on the Growth of Violent Street Gangs in Suburban Areas
Hallswort, S. And Young, T. (2004) Getting Real About Gang. Criminal Justice Matters [online]. 55. (1), pp 12-13 [Accessed 10 December 2013]
Otero, Juan. “Curbing street gang violence,” National League of Cities. 21 Dec 1998. General Reference Center Gold. Jan 2007