Friction
Friction- types of and their effects on forces
Definition: Friction- “the resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another”
There are four different types of friction these are: static, sliding, rolling and fluid friction. The types of friction that occurs between solid surfaces is are static, rolling and sliding. Fluid friction on the other hand only occurs in liquids and gases
Static friction:
When moving an object resting on a surface it requires more force to move then to keep it moving the reason for this is static friction. Static friction is the that exist between objects resting on a surface. Objects grip surfaces due to imperfections on them. For example, if you had a microscope and zoomed in on an
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Sliding friction can be related to static friction. For example if you were trying to move a piece of furniture around on carpet, at rest static friction is acting upon the furniture but after you push the furniture it starts to slide around on the carpet, this is called sliding friction.
Fluid friction:
Fluid friction is the friction that exists when an object moves through a fluid. Fluid friction occurs when two fluid layers move relative to each other. The internal resistance to this flow is called visocity. ”Viscosity is the measure of a fluid's resistance to flow because of its internal friction”
Mechanical forces
5 different types of mechanical forces
The five types of mechanical forces are: Compression, tension, bending, shear and torsion.
Compression force:
Compression force is the act of power, exertion or pressure against that causes the object to be squeezed, squashed or compacted.
Tension force:
Tension force is the force on an object such as rope string cable etc when it is pulled tightly by forces acting on both ends.
Bending force:
Bending force occurs when an object undergoes a heavy load causing the object to bend under the stress .
Shear force:
Shear force occurs when a force pushes on part of a body one way and the other part of the body in the opposite direction.
Torsion
Friction is obviously an important factor of cross country skiing. On one hand, friction is necessary because without it a skier wouldn't be able to ski up hill or even move on flat surfaces. However, when racing, skiers prefer to have the smallest friction force working on them possible.
Elastic strain region at small and big end of connecting rod is shown in figure no. 10. The maximum and minimum equivalent strain values are 0.00033975 and 2.1407e-10 respectively. Due to applied pressure there will be change in original dimensions of the connecting rod and hence strain developed can be
Enhanced Basal Creep - Stress concentrations around the upstream side of an obstacle result in locally high strain rates which causes ice to accelerate around the obstacle. The basal ice continually modifies its shape to allow a continued sliding. This process works best when the obstacle is over 1m in size.
tension of the system. Their orientation at the interface varies, depending on the components of
Anti-slip tape is the easiest solution to slippery stairs or even slippery floors, the options are endless when it comes to anti-slip simply place it on each person step and you now have a safer set of stairs that will allow you to walk up and down them without fear of falling down the stairs.
However, it is obvious that the tennis ball was most affected by friction, as it has the greatest difference between the theory and data. This was also visually apparent during the experiment. It was observed that the tennis ball slowed down considerably more that the other two balls. This is because the outer surface of a tennis ball is made from a furry cloth material, which generates more friction that a smooth surface, like the other two balls. (Bowden, 1951, pg. 302; Tremaine and Weinberg, 1984)
It would make sense to assume that this smooth, undisturbed air would create the least amount of resistance due to friction. The golf ball seemingly defies this theory by traveling farther with its disruptive surface texture that creates the second characteristic, turbulent flow. Turbulent flow is a flow that is disturbed and creates whirlpool like features. The turbulent air actually lessens the difference in velocity of the air layer that is extremely close to the ball compared to the rest of the air and so lessens the friction acting on the ball. Drag is a major contributor to how an object travels through fluid/air.
When a mass is attached to the end of a spring the downward force the
An object remains at rest, or in motion, unless an external force acts upon it.
A load is the force attributed to gravity and other sources of stress that are placed on a structure (Brannigan & Corbett, 2015). Loads can be placed in too many different categorized such as dead loads, live loads, impact loads, static and repeated loads, wind loads, and concentrated loads.
We ran into Newtons First Law, which claims that an object resists change in motion, as the marble rolled down the floor it didn’t stop until it was acted against by friction. As we moved on, Newtons Second Law came into play when we were creating our lever as we need a ball that would roll down with enough acceleration that it could knock down the objects. Newton’s second law claims, that F=MA. So, we choose a golf ball since it would have more mass than a rubber ball, but it would have less acceleration when the lever was started. This way, it would knock the upcoming objects. Newtons Third Law claims that every action yields an equal and opposite reaction. This is proven in our Rube Goldberg Machine when the small car was rolling down the tracks as the wheels pushes against the track making the track move backwards. The track provides an equal and opposite direction by pushing the wheels forward.
- the effect of Viscosity on liquid flow (turbulent/laminar) I have consulted my teachers for guidance and I have also looked very carefully into the "the Suggestions papers" which contain many possible investigations which have been done in the past. I opted to choose neither of them but many aspects I will be looking into in my investigation are similar to those in the papers.
Force is a push or a pull, which can make an object start moving when
you want to travel at greater velocities you have to speed up the boat to push