Substantial evidence is increasing, giving the Minister of Health more reason to believe housing, income, employment and education, abbreviated as the socioeconomic determinants of health, are to some degree responsible for poor health and inequalities (Public Health Advisory Committee PHAC, 2004). The purpose of this assignment is to discuss these four determinants and how they impact health from the Public Health Advisory Committee’s perspective. Employment and housing will be discussed in further detail as well as government policies, strategies or legislations will be included. To conclude this assignment a brief reflection will be made as to why understanding the socioeconomic determinants have a connection with providing quality nursing care.
Housing; “involves both a side (dwelling) and a situation (neighbourhood)” (National Advisory Committee on Health and Disability NHC, 1998, p. 30). Housing is a key aspect towards poverty, in turn has a connection with inadequate health (PHAC, 2004). This relates strongly with quality of housing. People live in properties that are cold and damp which are not insulated. Therefore, these factors promote susceptibility to disease, particularly in younger children (PHAC, 2004). Another contributing factor is that majority of household income is spent on rent or mortgages which could leave many families with less funds to spend on essential items or in some cases resort to overcrowding or ‘temporary accommodation’ such as garages or caravans (PHAC, 2004).
Income is defined as “money received, especially periodically, from work or investments” (Swannell, 1986, p. 272). As outlined by PHAC (2004), income is “the strongest predictor in health” (p. 20). Statistical evidence s...
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...er public services. Retrieved from http://www.national.org.nz/PDF_General/Housing_policy.pdf
National Advisory Committee on Health and Disability. (1998). The social, cultural and economic determinants of health in New Zealand: Action to improve health. Wellington, New Zealand: National Advisory Committee on Health and Disability.
Swannell, J. (Ed.). (1986). The little oxford dictionary of current English (6th ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
The Public Health Advisory Committee. (2004). The health of people and communities. A way forward: Public policy and the economic determinants of health. Wellington, New Zealand: The Public Health Advisory Committee.
Unitec. (2012). HEAL5020: The Sociological Perspective: Society Groups Individuals. Auckland, NZ: Mullard, T.
Unitec. (2012). HEAL5020: Work and Economic Life. Auckland, NZ: Mullard, T.
Social determinants of health (SDOH) are increasingly becoming a major problem of Public Health around the World. The impact of resources and material deprivation among people and populations has resulted in an increase in mortality rate on a planetary scale. Social determinants of health are defined as the personal, social, economic and the environmental conditions which determines the health status of an individual or population (Gardner, 2013). Today’s society is characterized by inequalities in health, education, income and many other factors which as a result is becoming a burden for Public Health around the world. Research studies have shown that the conditions in which people live and work strongly influenced their health. Individuals with high levels of education and fall within the high income bracket turn to have stable jobs, live in the best neighborhood and have access to quality health care system than individuals who have low education and fall with the low income bracket. This paper is to explain different social determinants of health and how they play ...
Simpson, J. A., and E. S. C. Weiner. The Oxford English dictionary. 2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press; 1989.Print.
...an, P., Egerter, S., & Williams, D. R. (2011). The social determinants of health: coming
According to the World Health Organisation (2017) the social determinants of health are defined as the conditions where people are born, grown, work and live, which also includes the health system. The social determinants of health determined populations health’s outcomes and therefore linked with health inequalities (WHO, 2017)
The essay will be looking at , poverty, employment and unemployment, poor diets as determinants of health in this context amongst other factors such as housing, mental health, social support network, education, culture, individual behaviours, genetics, gender because they have the best documented evidence on research in health inequalities in Britain available in the Black Report (DHSS 1980; Townsend, Davidson and Whitehead, 1992), Acheson Report (Acheson 1998), and FairSociety, HealthyLives Report, and other academic sources.
Social Determinants of health is the “conditions in which people are born, live, work and age that affect their health” Healthypeople.gov. (2017). Social Determinants of Health | Healthy People 2020. [online] Available at: https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/social-determinants-of-health [Accessed 22 Sep. 2017]. The determinants of health are important because it helps create policies to make changes, as well as improving public health conditions by addressing the different health outcomes an individual can face and improving the need for healthier conditions. Healthy People 2020 organizes the determinants of health in both a social and physical determinant which has an impact on health.
Social determinants of health have attracted the attention of governments, policy makers and international health organisations over the last three decades (Hankivsky & Christoffersen 2008). This is because social conditions which people are born in, live and work play an important role in their health outcomes (WHO 2015). According to Kibesh (1200) social determinants drive health disparities, disrupts the human developmental process and undermine the quality of life and opportunities for people and families (ref). Thus, several theories have been developed over the years to provide in-depth understanding of the social determinants of health and to reduce health inequalities (Hankivsky & Christoffersen, 2008). However, there is still significant
Social determinants of health has been a large topic for many years and can have a positive and negative effect on individuals, families and communities. (World Health Organisation, 2009) The social determinants of health are the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age, including the health system. These circumstances are shaped by the distribution of money, power and resources at global, national and local levels, which are themselves influenced by policy choices. Social determinants have many factors and in this essay education will be the main social determinant of health discussed and how this could have an impact on the physical and mental sides of health.
... It is the community 's responsibility to organize and trigger a response from the federal government. Additionally, implementing the education of healthy lifestyles through schools allows the youth to foster good habits. For example, teaching female students the process of being a good mother will allow for future mothers to create healthy families. Focusing on the youth is a great way to ensure a bright future. The tricky part is that once action has been taken, it must be maintained. This means the community’s population must value and appreciate the various operations taking place, along with the upkeeping from community officials themselves. As Sir Michael Marmot intuitively remarked “health inequalities are unnecessary...we do know how to create the correct conditions but it is the responsibility of the global community to decide if this is a priority for us.”
Public health as it is implicated in the lives of the community – it is important to conceptualise what this might mean. Moreover, public health has seen as a multidiscipline perspective in which it can be defined on many levels, and I find that it could be elusive to understand its meaning. By simple understanding of public health, I refer to an approach derived by Winslow (1920) and Baggott (2000).
This essay will discuss, illustrate and evaluate the following statement: inequalities in health are increasing in the 21st century. The focus will be on one of the key determinants of health inequality, social class, specifically in the UK.
The health of an individual and their communities is affected by several elements which combine together. Whether an individual is healthy or not, is determined by their circumstances and environment.1 To a greater extent, factors such as where an individual lives, their relationships with family and friends, the state of their environment, income, genetics and level of education all have significant impacts on health, however the more frequently considered factors such as access and use of health care facilities regularly have less of an impact.6 Determinants of health is a term which was introduced in the 1970s as part of a broader analysis of research and policy on public health. Researchers argued that there was a lot of attention and too much expenditure on health being dedicated to individuals and their illnesses, and little or no investment in populations and their health. It was decided that public health should be more concerned with social policies and social determinants than with health facilities and the outcomes of diseases.7 The determinants of health include social and economic environment, physical environment and an individual’s behaviour and characteristics. The environment of an individual determines their health, holding responsible an individual for having poor health or acknowledging them for good health is inappropriate. Individuals are not likely to be able to control several of the determinants of health. These determinants that make individuals healthy or not include the factors above, and numerous others.6
Step 1: Topic 1; Significant concerns confronting Australian society are the inequities in health between socioeconomic (SES) groups which result in lower SES groups having significantly higher rates of morbidity and mortality at an earlier age. Follow table 1 to apply the SI template to analyse the construction of this problem for a disadvantaged group in Australia and reflect on the social model of health to reduce these inequities.
Therefore, providing culturally appropriate services for people has significant role for health professional; the main reasons of this is culturally appropriate services are link inextricably with the health of the client. According to Oda & Rameka (2012), in 1980s, Maori were experience racial discrimination and poor health outcomes, such as mental illness, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, cancer, mortality, and health-risk behaviors such as tobacco and alcohol consumption. This is results of unfair health service and Maori could not access the health information and there was poor health literacy at that era and they were not able to understand different disease and lack of health education of living with a health lifestyle (Oda & Rameka, 2012). A classic example can be seen in the consumption of tobacco and alcohol, at the era, people did not know the repercussion of tobacco and alcohol use but if they were able to access the information they would understand the information. Therefore, Maori life expectancy has remained steady or declined, while other non-Maori life expectancy increase(Oda & Rameka, 2012). Hence, health professionals should ensure every ethic groups have the same right to access the information of health and have fair treatment and health
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