Currently, foreign cruise liners operate almost completely outside of the scope of the U.S. tax system, and this arguably has a discriminatory impact on U.S. cruise lines. Generally, if a foreign corporation is deemed to have a permanent establishment in the United States, they are subject to a tax on the portion of their income that is attributable to the U.S. For example, if a foreign clothing company, had just one small store in Miami where there could be “continuous and systematic” presence, it would be viewed to have a permanent establishment and taxed 30%. Since foreign cruise corporations fall into the category of “shipping,” the headquarters they have in the U.S. aren’t considered a permanent establishment. Therefore, the U.S. isn’t …show more content…
tax. Even, if the Panamanian company were to move it’s headquarters from Miami, it would likely still be considered to be engaged in a U.S. trade or business because there is continuous and systematic presence in the United States. For example, with 90% of the customers being U.S. citizens or residents, and daily docking at U.S. ports, these cruise ships would be perceived as if they still had an actual principal place of business. Viewing this income as being U.S. sourced and effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business would make the income subject to U.S. taxes at the same rate as other income, such as the corporate income tax rate is 35 percent. In conjunction with this tax, Senator Rockefeller’s bill planned to impose a 5 percent excise tax, which would be used to fund the infrastructure that the ships benefit from. The Rockefeller bill would impose this excise tax on gross income from cruises “embarking or disembarking passengers in the U.S.” Generally, cruises that had a majority of passengers embark or disembark in the U.S. would have all of its gross income from that voyage would be subject to excise tax. However, for cruises that call at a U.S. port, but not actually embark or disembark a majority of the passengers in the U.S., only half of the gross income from that voyage would be subject to the tax. According to Sen. Rockefeller, the excise tax is similar to passenger taxes in the aviation industry and gas tax for motor
My paper analyzes the IS/IT (Information Systems based on Information Technologies) of hotel units integrated in a group, using a literature and a case study which examines how the information technology of the ERP type are applied in the hotel units along with its limitations and its advantages.
Cruise lines companies compete with other vacation alternatives, such as land-based resort hotels and sightseeing destinations for consumers’ leisure time. Demand for such activities is influenced by political and general economic conditions. Companies within the vacation market are dependent on consumer discretionary spending. The year 2012 was overall a very difficult for the cruise industry. Carnival International is still recovering from the effects of sinking of Costa Concordia off Italy in January 2012. On other hand, Royal Caribbean’s biggest challenge in 2012 was due to one-time impairment charges of nearly $385 million related to Spanish line Pullma...
...ave to refuel making the trip, and could be seriously monopolized just for fuel. Military-wise, Asian countries would not be able to travel the Pacific Ocean to attack, leaving the U.S. relatively safe in its new Imperialistic force. Also, Puerto Rico lies east of the Panama Canal, which controls passage between the American continents. With America owning all Pacific Island territories, another monopoly is placed, and the Young Imperialist strikes again.
...ts. They cannot distribute, import, sell or resell goods. Only their Cuban partners can do that.
The Miami Herald article called Caribbean tourism feels winds of change from Cuba addresses how if the United States opens up tourism to Cuba again, the Caribbean can be affected and not in a good way. The article states that a paper released by the Caribbean Hotel and Tourism Association, CHTA, says that “the biggest and most disruptive pebble to be dropped into the Caribbean pool in 50 years will arrive with the opening of travel to Cuba for United States citizens” (Whitefield). What this means is that they feel that if the United States allows travel to Cuba, that it will disrupt and take away tourism from the other islands in the Caribbean. The article also claims that “About 70 percent of Caribbean visitors come from the United States…” (Whitefield). This is true especially when you look at cruise lines. If you look at a typical Carnival Cruise Line Caribbean itinerary that leaves from Miami, Florida, the cruise will take tourists to places like Cozumel, Grand Turk, Nassau, Grand Cayman, Ocho Rios, Montego Bay and San Juan (Carnival Cruise Lines). Add Cuba to the mix, and most cruises will focus their attention on traveling to the island and instead of to other islands after a stop in Cuba. These cruises would most likely travel to different Cuban ports instead since the island is larger than the ones that it has been visiting. Seeing that Cuba could possibly take away American tourists from other countries in the Caribbean, if the United States opens up tourism to Cuba again, it does allow the Caribbean “…an opportunity for the Caribbean to begin working together on improving marketing, offering dual destination visits, easing barriers such as cost and ease of travel, sharing best practices, and using tourism more effectively as an economic development tool” (Whitefield).
The history of the Carnival Corporation begins in 1972, when Ted Arison set up Carnival Cruise Lines as a subsidiary of the American International Travel Service. The first ship ran aground, but Arison remained steadfast in achieving his vision of a cruise line offering affordable vacation packages to middle-income consumers. By 1977, Carnival had three ships, and ten years later, as the industry leader, the company went public. In the early 1990s, Carnival began to diversify into land-based entertainment, thus changing its name to Carnival Corp. The company is the world's #1 cruise operator with about a third of the market.
Each year, America’s travel and tourism industry generates approximately $1.5 trillion dollars in economic output, or about 2.6% of the country’s gross domestic product (Select USA, 2016). Nearly 20% of this economic activity is directly related to accommodations, which serve the short term lodging needs of pleasure and business travelers. Unlike other American economic sectors, this lodging industry is a highly fragmented, diversified market with an incredible variety of suppliers. Temporary overnight lodging can range from undeveloped campsites, hostels, and capsule hotels all the way up to mansions and incredibly luxurious five store hotels. Price ranges run the gamut from just a few dollars a night to thousands of
Gillies, G. (2005) Transnational Corporations and International Production. Concepts, Theories and Effects, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham
Thomas, B. (2010, May 12).Briefing Aviation: Rulers of the new silk road. Financial Times, p.16
Sea Goddess Cruises, Limited (SGC) is obviously not accomplishing what it needs to financially to obtain a fair share of the market. There are a number of current strategies that will be reconsidered and rejected.
The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOSC) has been managing maritime issues fundamentally for years and acceptable as the basic convention on solving maritime dilemmas. Not only dispute among states but also managing sea resources among states. Remarkably, maritime issues have been developing into more complex and complicated regarding the modernization, globalization and transnational problems. This convention alone is not enough to provide complete guidance to manage the confronting interests on the sea.
In spite of having numerous structures in place to ensure a luxurious guest experience, the Oberoi Vanayvilas (OV) failed to provide a quality service to its hotel guest. To recover from this service failure, we recommend OV to sincerely apologize and ‘offer refund for the third night and a credit for the two nights for a future stay with additional hotel perks tobe used at OV within a year’ to the impacted guest. Main drivers for our recommendation are to convey a message that Oberoi sincerely cares about the customer inconvenience and wants its guest to revisit the hotel to win over the customer by its exemplary quality service.
Introduction: Leighton Holdings is Australia’s one of the most reputed organization, which is active in engineering and infrastructure, mining and resources, environmental services industries and telecommunications which is listed on the Australian Securities Exchange since 1962. This company has operations in different countries including Australia, South East Asia, New Zealand, Vietnam, China and Middle East. The main focus and activities of Leighton Holdings include market positioning, strategic direction and planning, financial management and corporate and public affairs.
The origins of the cruise industry can be traced to 1818 when Black Ball Line began shuttling its customers between America and Europe, taking note of the comfort of its passengers. (Boyd, n.d.) The introduction of air transportation as a more economic transport alternative forced ocean liners, which ferried people to destinations in comfort, to innovate into a new product for survival. (Boyd, n.d.)
In 2013-14 Tauranga had 83 voyage calls, 25 vessels entering with 83 port days in total. They also had 100 unique passengers and 149,000 passenger port days. Tauranga has established itself as a go-to destination for cruise passengers, with its natural beauty and friendly locals it is not hard to see why. Over the years, Tauranga’s cruise tourism has changed from the 2013-14 statistics, the amount of voyage calls this year has gone down but the amount of unique passengers has gone up to 160,100.