Thailand:
According to the Department of State, “Thailand is a source, destination, and transit country for men, women and children subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking. Victims from neighboring countries, such as China, Vietnam, Uzbekistan, and Fiji migrate willingly to Thailand for various reasons, including fleeing conditions of poverty” (TIPR, 2013, p. 358). The countries that people are fleeing from are known for their poor living conditions, which help contribute to their “push” factors. . These individuals are severely affected by developmental factors like poverty, lack of education, and inequality, which serves to accentuate their susceptibility to traffickers. Thus, traffickers take advantage of their vulnerability, by enticing them with promises of employment and better living conditions by coming to Thailand. The Thai government’s efforts to combat these problems have been insufficient. These individuals lack the support or means to mitigate poverty and reduce their vulnerability. The corruption in Thailand’s border control and law enforcement efforts run rampant creating the perfect “pull” factor for traffickers. This lack of oversight facilitates the trafficking of people across the border and helps to enable perpetrators to avoid punishment.
The widespread corruption and fear of retribution in Thailand also discourages sexually trafficked individuals from confronting their abusers and removing themselves from their detrimental situation. “Foreign migrants, members of ethnic minorities, and stateless persons in Thailand are at the greatest risk of being trafficked” (TIPR, 2013, p. 358). These individuals are extremely vulnerable to sexual exploitation, because they are often illegal, impoverished, and often...
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...hailand: the situation. (2011). Retrieved March 4, 2014, from http://www.humantrafficking.org/countries/thailand
Tiuriukanova, E. (2006). Human trafficking in the Russian Federation: Inventory and analysis of the current situation and responses (pp. 7-130) (UNICEF). Moscow: UNICEF.
Trafficking in persons 2013 report: Country narratives. (2013). Retrieved February 2, 2014, from http://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/countries/2013/index.htm
United Nations. (2006). Special Rapporteur of the United Nations Against Human Trafficking (UNFPA). New York.
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (February, 2009). Global Report on Trafficking in Persons. Retrieved from https://www.unodc.org/documents/Global_Report_on_TIP.pdf
Unknown. (Unknown). Addressing the Root Causes. Retrieved from http://www.unodc.org/documents/human-trafficking/Toolkit-files/08-58296_tool_9-2.pdf
The article that is under review is titled “What Predicts Human Trafficking” by Kevin Bales. Aims of this article seek to highlight the most important predictor of human trafficking on a global scale. According to Bales, multiple indicators that identify human trafficking have previously been acknowledged by earlier investigations. These indicators derive from social, political, cultural and economic difficulties that affect the livelihoods of an individual with respect to global location. The assessment of variables during the scope of research distinguishes prospects, destitution, and controversy as the critical factors in determining the incidence of human trafficking. Additionally, research cites government corruption and the influence said corruption has on human trafficking. Exploratory research conducted by the author draws attention to a capricious phenomenon that has become intertwined with individual justice. Research solidifies the presence of human trafficking despite the lack of statistical information readily available. By rationalizing variables on an elevated scale, greater insight can be provided into the realm of trafficking. Through thoughtful and succinct characterization of the predictors of human trafficking, the author achieves at simplifying the multifaceted gauges of the trafficking of the populace.
Many organizations and programs are working to stop human trafficking and its insubordinate criminals. Organizations, such as the United Nations Conven...
Pubantz, Jerry, and John Allphin Moore Jr. "Human Trafficking." Encyclopedia of the United Nations. 2nd ed. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Facts on File,Inc., 2008. Web. 4 May 2014.
According to Van Wormer & Bartollas (2014), sex trafficking, “encompasses the organized movement of people, usually women, between countries and within countries for sex work” (p. 289). Sex trafficking is also a very lucrative business, it is estimated to make $31. 6 billion annually. This amount is estimated from the 2.5 million people who a trafficked each year. The exact number of people who are victims of the sex industry cannot be predicted accurately for all over the world. In the United States alone there is about 14,500-17,500 people trafficked each year. Human trafficking it the third biggest organized crime after drug and arms trafficking (Hodge, 2014). Young men make up about 44% of people being trafficked, while women and girls
"Thailand: Trafficking In Women And Children." Women 's International Network News 29.4 (2003): 53. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 3 Nov.
As victim count continues to rise, its difficult to see how such great numbers of men, women and children are bought and sold every year. Trafficking can be found in many forms, including: prostitution, slavery, or forced labor (Harf and Lombardi, 2014). It wasn’t until the 1980’s that international human trafficking became globally noticed. With the lack of government intervention and control in several nations, and the free trade market, slavery once again became a profitable industry (Harf and Lombardi, 2014). As previously mentioned, easier movement across nations borders is one of the outcomes of globalization. It is also what makes human trafficking so easy today. It is estimated that about 20.9 million people are victims across the entire globe (United Nations Publications, 2012); trafficking accounts for 32 billion dollars in generated profit globally (Brewer, n.d). 58 percent of all human trafficking was for the purpose of sexual exploitation, and of this 55-60 percent are women (United Nations Publications,
Mah, Megan. "Trafficking Of Ethnic Minorities In Thailand: Forced Prostitution And The Perpetuation Of Marginality." Undercurrent 8.2 (2011): 65-72. Academic Search Complete. Web. 5 May 2014. < http://eds.a.ebscohost.com.gatekeeper2.lindenwood.edu /ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=18&sid=4b45ef9c-7e80-4adf-9ed2-5e3b6297a41c% 40sessionmgr4003&hid=4205>.
Smith, H. M. (2011). Sex Trafficking: Trends, Challenges, and the Limitations of International Law. Human Rights Review, 12(3), 271-286.
It has been estimated that there are approximately 20.9 million victims of human trafficking globally. Human trafficking is a leading form of organized crime on both regional and global scales that violates the peace and protection of rights of human beings. This exploitative crime abuses men, women and children by coercing them into a dangerous society of corruption including prostitution and forced manual labour. The profits that human trafficking accumulates has become part of the illicit global economy to which many nations have been unable to address. The United Nations (UN) recognition of this modern-day slavery has been one of the first initiatives to address human trafficking a global criminal scale.
Millions of women and child have been trafficked across borders and within countries in recent years, making human-trafficking a global industry that generates an estimated five to seven billion U.S. dollars each year. It is estimated that 300,000 to 450,000 people are trafficked within Asia each year, of which more than half take place in South Asia. Women and children, particularly girls, are trafficked within country boundaries and to other countries beyond South Asia. The growing of human-trafficking problem in South Asia has been recognized and has become a serious concern over the last decades. The reason it has become a main concern is because of the health issues such trafficking is causing is the rise of HIV/ AIDS and other STD,STIs
Sex trafficking is a global issue that involves a form of coerced sexual exploitation, which is not limited to prostitution. Victims of sex trafficking are stripped of their basic human rights and forced to live a life of modern slavery. The U.S. State Department (Stop Child Trafficking Now, 2012) has stated that human trafficking is “one of the fastest growing crimes in the world.” It it hard to put a number on how on many people are living inside the sex trafficking industry for many reasons, one being that not all victims come forward. It is estimated by the U.S. State Department (Stop Child Trafficking Now, 2012) that every year “600,00-800,000 people will be trafficked across international borders, 80% being women and children.” This
Human trafficking is considered one of the world’s fastest growing crimes. The term human trafficking by definition coincides historically and legally with slavery (Soodalter, 2014). According to Soodalter (2014) today’s human trafficking victim can be sold for as little as $100. Before the Civil War, slaves cost a significant amount of money, and in the 1980’s, a slave sold for approximately $1,200. Moreover, in today’s currency, that comes to somewhere between $40,000 to $50,000. This price tag makes the modern slave not only affordable, but also disposable. Thailand, China, Saudi Arabia, Cambodia and Russia are all countries that are ordinarily believed to have a high prevalence of human trafficking, unsuspecting individuals that are not
Summary: We see that there are many different aspects and types of human trafficking that everyone should be made aware of. As a whole human trafficking is a lucrative industry raking in $150 BILLION globally. The impact that this industry has on its victims is
The United States has one of the largest percentages of trafficked humans worldwide, however so many individual are unaware of this issue. As many as 17,500 individuals are thought to be trafficked into the United Stated annually, and some have estimated that 100,000 U.S. citizen children are victims of trafficking within the U.S. (Siskin & Wyler, 2010). Since many cases go unreported, these estimates may be fewer than the actual number of victims in the US. There is substantial evidence that supports the ideology that woman and children from low socio-economic status are most likely targeted (Okech, Morreau, & Benson, 2011), of all the people trafficked each year about 70 percent of women and 50 percent are children that are mainly forced into the sex trade (Human Trafficking Statistics). Among socio-economic problems, the trafficking business feeds on conditions of vulnerability, such as family conflicts, natural disasters, youth, ignorance, gender, social exclusion, political instabil...
Human trafficking is prevalent throughout the world, especially in Asia and more specifically in China but the government and non-governmental organizations (NGO) are taking measures to put an end to it. Human trafficking involves exploitation of human beings; either sexually or by coercing them to work in unfavourable conditions for little pay or nothing at all. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) defines human trafficking as “the acquisition of people by improper means such as force, fraud or deception, with the aim of exploiting them.” Women and children, especially girls between the ages of fourteen and twenty constitute the majority of victims of human trafficking. “China is a source, transit and destination country for human trafficking; the majority of which is internal trafficking” (www.humantrafficking.org).