This research study focuses on finding the scope of fly ash bricks in Indian market. As with changing modes of construction and time new construction material and new technologies are in demand. Bricks are the most important material of construction and they are mostly facing the changes and without bricks any type of construction is incomplete. The convectional red bricks were used for a very long period of time but now people are facing many problems because of disturbance in the environment, as these bricks are very hazardous for the eco system. As 180billions tones of burnt red clay bricks are consumed annually and approximately 5000 acres top layer of soil is dug out by the manufacturers of bricks - about 340 billion of clay. This results into soil erosion, burning of woods and coal results into deforestation but on the other hand fly ash bricks are eco friendly.
1.1 WHAT IS FLY ASH
During the production of electricity a fine glass powder is recovered from the gases of burning coal and it consist of primarily silica, alumina and iron. It resembles Portland cement but it is chemically different. By using it in building materials millions of tons of ash is diverted from the landfills each year. It increases the constructability and the durability of brick concrete.
1.2 WHERE IT IS USED
Fly ash is used in concrete and had a successful track record as it provides mechanical and durable properties to concrete.
1.3 AMOUNT OF FLY ASH GENERATED IN INDIA
Fly ash generation is increasing day by day, so it is not possible that only cement industry can utilize it. By manufacturing bricks and using it in construction is the best way to utilize it. The generation of fly ash in different five years is given in the figure.
Figure 1: generation of fly ash in different five year plan.
1.4 DETAILS: FLY ASH BRICKS
DESCRIPTION
These bricks are not too old or too new, but they are new for Indian market. As in its manufacturing process waste by-product is used in place of clay and for its solidification pressure is used in place of heat, by saving energy and the need of landfill disposal of fly ash is alleviated and it costs 20% less to the manufacturer as compared to traditional clay bricks.
1.5 MANUFACTURING PROCESS
Materials required are:-
Fly ash.
Lime gypsum.
Sand.
PROCESS
Mixing ingredients.
Pressing the mixture in the machine.
Curing the brick for specific time.
Figure 2: diagrammatic representation of brick making process.
In conclusion to this investigation one thing is clear and that is that recycling reeks benefits to the environment, Recycling material when compared to making material from raw material is a more efficient energy saving and more environmentally friendly way to reuse material that is usually consider as trash such as empty glass, and plastic bottles, or old newspapers. Recycling helps reduce the possible carbon emissions greatly and does reduce the human carbon footprint. But Recycling doesn’t resolve the pollution that is around the world today. Leading to new questions, questions like what about the landfills are they sustainable, and if so for how long. How long until the air becomes unbreathable? How long until Earth becomes its own furnace?
It can be used as meat storage, tile shrinker, shipping test tubes, wart remover, chemical retardant, and many more amazing uses.
This evolution of the manufacturing of bricks throughout history has implications on the appearance, function and performance of the material in the buildings they are used in. The first step to act in the conservation of any brickwork is to determine what type of brick is used. This is achieved through the examining of the form, size and evidence of manufacturing methods used. This information can then be checked against pre-existing publications that aid in the identifying of brickwork.
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5, the use of alternative fuels and raw materials (AFR) is another new trend in the cement industry. Tyerchips, paint sludge and other industrial waste incineration kiln alternative to traditional raw materials and fuels
Waste incineration units produce a lot of carbon dioxide gas approximately around one third of the greenhouse gasses. It also impacts people’s health as they get exposed to the toxic emissions by breathing in the air or consuming contaminated food and water. Additionally, when the garbage gets burnt by the incinerators they end up as ashes which are then emitted from the chimneys, including the toxic materials and end up in specialist landfill sites for hazardous waste.
Progressive deterioration of global warming and protection of environment are important areas of interest for the whole world. Buildings as an underlying cause are responsible for global warming. Edwards (1996) pointed out that building has a key role to play as they are one of the major sources of energy consumption. And he (1996) also stated with some statistics to support this point that buildings account for about half of all global – energy, water, and raw materials as well as in the EU (Edwards, 1996, P. xiv). And another data is that buildings constitute about 45 per cent of carbon-dioxide emissions (John, 1998, P. xi). In addition, buildings should be accountable to most of land loss in agriculture. But it does not mean that we should reduce the amount of construction and if possible, it also hardly to achieve, because both the process and the finish of construction are essential and important to human beings. Not only is Construction the second largest industry in terms of employment, but also buildings have a great influence on the safety and health of people in the home and at work. Professionals and scientists have already recognized the importance of the problem. On the one hand, buildings are essential. On the other hand, the impacts of construction are harmful to our environment. It seems paradox. Therefore, we need to transfer the construction industry to “green”. Briefly, green building can low impact on environment, to the utmost extent save energy and efficiently use resource. Therefore, green building is the best answer, and of course its development is crucial to us. This paper will overview the development of green or sustainable building from different perspectives, by first defining what is gr...
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