Parkinson Disease
There exists a group of people who live the final years of their lives in glass boxes. They are perfectly capable of seeing outside, but incapable of reaching out to the world around them. Their emotions can not be shown through facial expression, and as their condition continues, speech also becomes difficult or even impossible. These people are men and women of all races and geographical areas, constituting one percent of the world’s population over 50 years old. Parkinson disease is their affliction. Although Parkinsonism has been around almost as long as recorded history, there is yet to be found a cause or a cure. Medications tame the symptoms and prolong life, but are incapable of reversing the disease progression.. Diagnosis relies exclusively upon clinical signs and symptoms, because almost all laboratory and radiography tests are normal in the Parkinson patient. For this reason early diagnosis is very difficult. The fact that early signs of Parkinsonism can easily be overlooked as normal aging, further complicates diagnosis. Therefore, primary care physicians of the middle-aged and elderly population must be extremely sensitive to patients’ outward appearance and changes in movement ability.
Most signs and symptoms of Parkinson disease correspond to one of three motor deficiencies: bradykinesia, akinesia, tremor, and rigidity. The first two qualities are usually present before tremor, but often attributed to aging by the patient and even the physician, and thus the disease is rarely diagnosed until tremor becomes evident much later. An average of 80% of the nigrostriatal neurons may have already degenerated by the time Parkinsonism is diagnosed, which complicates treatment (Fitzgerald, 130). Bra...
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A child is considered the universal embodiment of innocence. Scout does not usually comprehend the social behaviour in Maycomb; and considers the human behaviour she sees to be perplexing and confusing. Nevertheless, due to Atticus’s protection of Scout from the social pressures surrounding her, she is very open with her notions and truly outspoken with her opinions and feelings. With innocence that only a child possesses, Scout attempts to explain to Miss Caroline the reason why Walter Cunningham will not consent to take the quarter from her. Scout expresses to her with innocence, “Miss Caroline, he’s a Cunningham.” (Lee, 20). And further exclaims, “You’re shamin’ him, Miss Caroline. Walter hasn’t got a quarter home to bring you, and...
With more than 200,000 US cases per year, Parkinson’s disease has become a major part
One way in which isolation is used in the novel is to present or describe the character and how they deal with their environment. For example, Walton describes in his letters that he is far north of London and without friends. He goes on to say, “I shall certainly find no friend on the Wide Ocean, nor even here in Archangel," being overly pessimistic. Victor copes with the monster and his surroundings after creating him, "I was as a child when I awoke… and half frightened as it were instinctive finding myself so desolate.” No matter how much knowledge he possesses, he somehow manages to feel like a child, and he is still human no matter how monstrous he is.
For Victor Frankenstein, he isolates himself from the civilized world in his process of creating life. However in this event, isolation does not have a good affect on him and he becomes depressed. Later, on his way to Geneva, when he stops in Lausanne, his isolation from the outside world and his connection to nature, is what ends up curing him of his depression.
Three of the main characters in Mary Shelley 's 1818 novel Frankenstein have commonalities that may not be immediately recognized but are significant in terms of theme. Robert Walton, a man who sets out to seek new land, Victor Frankenstein, a man who sets out to create new life, and the Creature, who sets out to become accepted, are all different in their own ways but tragically the same. Though the first use of the word "isolation" did not occur until 1833 (Merriam-Webster), Frankenstein is replete with instances in which the three central characters must confront their alienation from others. Understanding a mariner, a mad man, and a monster may seem like a difficult task to accomplish, yet with Shelley’s use of isolation as a theme it
Parkinson’s disease affects patients in various ways with the most observable being muscle weakness, tremor, and rigidity; these symptoms directly influence and reduce the function of the respiratory and phonatory systems. Articulatory, velopharyngeal, laryngeal, and respiratory muscles lose control and some function due to the loss of dopamine in the central nervous system. Facial expression in Parkinson's patients can appear emotionless or diminished. Parkinson’s disease decreases the fine movements of the tongue and jaw that are imperative to articulation. This reduced oral muscular control is also associated with hypoesthetic oropharynx function. With this loss of key sensory stimuli, patients with Parkinson’s disease...
In the novel Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley, the main theme of the story was isolation. Both internal and external consequences were the cause of being isolated from society. Frankenstein began to feel depressed after the creation of the monster and decided to isolate himself from his friends and family. Frankenstein kept his creation a secret from everyone because he was afraid of the consequences. Ironically, Frankenstein was the main problem for all of his sufferings. He thought that he could keep everyone safe if he were to not tell them about the monster, however, everyone died because he wanted to keep everyone from the truth. The creature also suffered many consequences from being isolated. He wanted to be part of a family, and feel
We as humans want to be with each other. We actively pursue this goal be finding friends and significant others. While a moderate amount of solitude can be good we crave togetherness with others. In Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein isolation is a key theme in the novel. The creature created by Victor Frankenstein is driven into isolation from society based on people’s fear of him. Both the creature and Victor experience first hand the effects that isolation have on the creature's actions. Thus Frankenstein shows very clearly how lifelong isolation keeps someone from developing a moral compass and in turn makes them do wrongful deeds.
Nurse’s play a very important role in the delivery of care to an older person and in complex disease such as Parkinson’s disease, the care provided by a nurse is vital for both the patient and the family of the affected person. The aim of this essay is to understand briefly about Parkinson’s disease and associated issues and the role of the nurse in the management of the condition.
“Isolation is the sum total of wretchedness to a man,” said 19th century author and philosopher, Thomas Carlyle. Humans are naturally empathetic; without any external human stimulus, the human psyche has no outlet of which to vent this empathetic ability, and the subtle laws that govern our most basic morals and natural tendencies begin to fall apart. In Frankenstein, or the Modern Prometheus, author Mary Shelley incorporates the theme of overwhelming obsession to weave the meaningful and momentous tale of true outcasts that are subjected to the agony of isolation. Victor Frankenstein’s lust for forbidden knowledge leads to the creation of a monster, which he ultimately shuns and abhors with passion. The monster, like a newborn child, is malleable to the world, and as the object of disgust and loathing, is corrupted and driven to murderous deeds by his absolute misery of his lonely isolated life. In Frankenstein, author Mary Shelley creates a powerful story of torment and obsession through the skillful use of the literary devices of symbolism, irony, and foreshadowing.
Parkinson disease (PD), also referred to as Parkinson’s disease and paralysis agitans, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is the third most common neurologic disorder of older adults. It is a debilitating disease affecting motor ability and is characterized by four cardinal symptoms: tremor rigidity, bradykinesia or kinesis (slow movement/no movement), and postural instability. Most people have primary, or idiopathic, disease. A few patients have secondary parkinsonian symptoms from conditions such as brain tumors and certain anti-psychotic drugs.
In the novel Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley, the main theme revolves around the internal and external consequences of being isolated from others. Being isolated from the world could result in a character losing his/her mental state and eventually causing harm to themselves or others. Because both Victor Frankenstein and the creature are isolated from family and society, they experienced depression, prejudice, and revenge.
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"Parkinsonism: Causes and Coping Strategies." Parkinsonism: What Causes It? N.p., n.d. Web. 11 May 2014.
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