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Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of California,
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Ethical Issues: A Duty to Warn Imagine living in a state where one is providing service to a client and the client divulged that he admits to wanting to end his ex-girlfriends life but one lives in a state where there is no duty to warn. What does one do in a situation like this? This question comes about due to the Tarasoff v. The University of California Board of Regents case as well as the fact that there is no uniformity in the United States over duty to warn or protect. Some states have permissive statutes while some have an established mandatory duty to warn while very few have no statute at all. According to Doverspike (2007), the APA standard is permissive ("may disclose") rather than mandatory ("shall disclose"). The APA Code of Ethics 4.05 part 3 states that disclosures without consent are is only allowed when mandated by law to protect the client, psychologist, or others from harm (Fisher, 2013, p. 346). How does one protect the confidentiality of a client but also protect others from potential harm? The Tarasoff v. The …show more content…
According to the Bradley Center v. Wessner, Georgia statutory law does not address the so-called duty to warn, Georgia does have a legal precedent as defined by case law that establishes a duty to protect identifiable third parties (Doverspike, 2007). The practitioners basically got in trouble because they had a patient in inpatient who the physician failed to exercise control over and the patient ended up hurting someone he made a threat against. Another case represents the undefined duty to warn. Garner v. Stone (1999) a six person jury in a DeKalb County, Georgia, state court found in favor of a former police officer with Gwinnett County, Georgia, who sued a psychologist for violating the physician-patient privilege after the psychologist made a warning call to an identifiable third party (As cited in Doverspike,
This case presents a very delicate situation that presents many legal and ethical questions. Do you tell your brother his partner has HIV? I would tell my brother, but the how and when, may vary based on circumstance. From a professional ethical standpoint, it would be unethical to disclose the patient’s HIV status without consent. It would violate the patient’s right to confidentiality, as it is the patient’s choice whom information may be shared with (Beemsterboer, 2010, p. 50). It could also be argued that it is a violation of the principle of nonmaleficence. By providing the patient’s HIV status to people unbound by HIPAA, you are putting the patient at risk of discrimination. This could cause mental anguish or psychological issues, therefore, in essence, inflicting harm on the patient. The most valued application of nonmaleficence is, “One ought to not inflict harm” (Beemsterboer, 2010, p. 42). This would outweigh the ethical argument that you are also preventing harm to your brother, another less important application of nonmaleficence (Beemsterboer, 2010, p. 42). There is one professional ethical principle that I would argue was being applied. This being the principle of paternalism, stating that healthcare providers should do what they deem best for the patient according to their ability and judgment (Beemsterboer, 2010, p. 47). If the patient had a sexual encounter with the brother, and did not inform him of her HIV status, she may be arrested for reckless endangerment according to Pennsylvania law. A case where an HIV-positive person did not disclose their status to their sexual partner was brought before the Pennsylvania Superior Court. According to Pennsylvania law, “Disclosure of HIV status is a defense ag...
The first provision of the American Nurses Association’s (ANA) “Code of Ethics” states, “ The nurse, in all professional relationships, practices with compassion and respect for the inherent dignity, worth and uniqueness of every individual, unrestricted by considerations of social or economic status, personal attributes, or the nature of health problems.” The second provision states, “The nurse’s primary commitment is the patient, whether the patient is an individual, family, group, or community” (Fowler, 2010). As nurses we need to respect the autonomy and allow for the patient to express their choices and concerns. We also need to provide them with support by giving them knowledge and understanding so they
According to McGonigle and Matrian (2014), ethical decision making is a systematic process that refers to making informed choices pertaining to ethical dilemmas using a set of established standards to differentiate right from wrong. Ethical dilemmas tend to occur when moral issues, that is society’s opinion of what is right and wrong, raises questions that cannot be answered using clearly defined rules, facts, or authoritative views (McGonigle & Matrian, 2014, p. 71). Fortunately, ethical decision making frameworks can be used as a guide to assist clinicians to reach a rational and justifiable decision (McGonigle & Matrian, 2014). In the case study presented, the Ethical Model for Ethical Decision Making will be applied to analyze an ethical dilemma and to synthesize information obtained using problem-solving, critical-thinking, and decision-making skills in order to reach a justifiable decision (McGonigle 2000; McGonigle & Matrian, 2014).
A promise of confidentiality assures clients that information revealed during counseling will not be shared with others without permission. An individual has the right to choose the time, circumstances, and extent, to which he or she wishes to share or withhold information. Marriage and family therapist have different confidentiality aspects from other counseling areas. Marriage and family therapist mostly have more than one client in a therapeutic relationship, there are different limitations for each individual client. AAMFT Standard II (2015 2.2) states When providing couple, family or group treatment, the therapist does not disclose information outside the treatment context without a written authorization from each individual competent to execute a waiver. Conclusively, counselors may be counseling a couple, group, or family for treatment, each client has their own rights to privacy protection and confidentiality. All counselors must follow specific guidelines when in regards to disclosing information that has potential harm to the client or identified others. If court ordered or third party payers have requested information it is the counselors job to obtain written consent from the client to release information about that
The duty to warn refers to a psychologist notifying a potential third party or governing authorities of the danger that might be inevitable. The duty to warn goes together with the duty to protect a third party whose life might be in danger. The therapist has a legal role to play by protecting a third party from danger through hospitalization and outpatient therapy while still observing confidentiality. However, the duty to warn might require the confidentiality to be overlooked. Duty to warn refers to warning an individual but not the public. When a person threatens the public, they should not be notified even if the danger gets noted. A psychologist has a role to play in every client’s life.
Which of the six principles in the AICPA Code of Conduct is most related to Article 1.5 of the California Accountancy Act? Explain your conclusion.
On April 24th, 2014, one simple recording released by TMZ made Donald Sterling, owner of the NBA’s Los Angeles Clippers, the most hated man in America. In this recording, Sterling ranted over the fact how he did not want V. Stiviano, his partner, to be affiliated with any African Americans. As a result of his racist statements, fans, athletes, and sports organizations/members, voiced their opinions on the matter, flourishing social media. Many star players such as LeBron James, Michael Jordan, Magic Johnson, and a majority the Clippers players acknowledged that something had to be done, and that the NBA is no place for racism. In the end, after team owners took a vote, NBA commissioner Adam Silver held a press conference enlightening the public
Without exception, confidentiality trumps duty to warn, court rules (2004). Mental Health Law Report, 22 (6), 53. Retrieved from http://find.galegroup.com/gtx/infomark.do?&contentSet=IAC-Documents&type=retrieve&tabID=T003&prodId=GRCM&docId=A120474886&source=gale&userGroupName=clemson_itweb&version=1.0
The NASW (National Association of Social Workers) Code of Ethics is intended to serve as a guide to the everyday professional conduct of social workers. This Code includes four sections. The first Section, "Preamble," summarizes the mission and core values of the social work profession. The second section, "Purpose of the NASW Code of Ethics," provides an overview of the Code 's main functions and a brief guide for dealing with ethical issues or dilemmas in social work practice. The third section, "Ethical Principles," presents broad ethical principles, based on social work 's core values, that affect social work practice. The final section, "Ethical Standards," includes specific ethical standards
Corbin, J.R. (2007). Confidentiality and the duty to warn: Ethical and legal implications for the therapeutic relationship. The New Social Worker, 4-7.
Many ethical dilemmas are philosophical in nature, an ethical issue can be described as a problem with no clear resolution. In order to solve the issue or dilemma a consensus between the parties involved must be reached. There are several reasons to come to an agreement over an ethical dilemma, it is the basis for all aspects of personal and professional dealings. Each one of us is part of a civilized society and as such it is our responsibility to be rational, honest and loyal in our dealings with others. (Alakavuklar, 2012) states that individuals make decisions for different situations in business life involving various ethical dilemmas. Each time either consciously or unconsciously individuals may follow some ethical approaches
The accounting system misallocated motors from the asset manufacturing equipment to inventory. There are issues of honesty, responsibility, and professional ethics.
However, there are some cases that professionals have to rely on the Law. The Law is different from moral principles and Code of Ethics and its focus is on the legal perspective to protect the professional. The Law is defined by Remley and Herlihy (2010) as “general or specific regarding both what is required and what is allowed of individuals who from a governmental entity” (p.4). One major example is the Tarasoff and the Duty to Protect which is a law that was created after the case that happened with a university student, Tatiana Tarasoff and her boyfriend. Tarasoff’s parents sue the psychotherapists alleging that the professionals should have warned the student. Because of this case, the law raised a major concern that the confidentiality that professionals should follow according to the ACA and AMHCA Code of Ethics has to be broken when there is an issue that can affect a third party in the situation. Like the AMHCA refers to confidentiality as “a right granted to all clients of mental health counseling services. From the onset of the counseling relationship, mental health counselors inform clients of these rights inclu...
Everyone in this world has experienced an ethical dilemma in different situations and this may arise between one or more individuals. Ethical dilemma is a situation where people have to make complex decisions and are influenced based on personal interest, social environment or norms, and religious beliefs (“Strategic Leadership”, n.d.). The leaders and managers in the company should set guidelines to ensure employees are aware and have a better chance to solve and make ethical decisions. Employees are also responsible in understanding their ethical obligations in order to maintain a positive work environment. The purpose of this case study is to identify the dilemma and analyze different decisions to find ways on how a person should act
When some states require specific disclosure laws or guidelines. To establish in legal matters confidential moral responsibility for professional level of confidentiality. Abortion, the issue is required by state law, many states require parental notification. Doctor-patient confidentiality, from the English common law in many countries codification regulations. Doctors have a responsibility to warn patients who are threaten bodily harm people. Doctor-patient confidentiality is not absolute. Doctors must disclose personal information, it is clearly in the interests of the patient. Doctors can not pass moral judgment; they are here just to make sure your child has the best preventive care possible. Please note that when it comes to