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objections to egoism
objections to egoism
psychological egoism vs ethical egoism
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Egoism is an ethical theory that views self-interest as the basis of morality. Essentially, it is a view that people will do whatever brings about the best consequences and is better for oneself. Egoism derives from the Latin term “ego” meaning “I.” The “best consequences” meaning the actions make that individual happier. There are two types of egoism in which we have so far discussed in HUM 105. Psychological egoism is “the theory that in fact people always act in their best interest, or that no one ever acts unselfishly” (Wells, Egoism: pg 1). This doctrine holds that individuals are always motivated by their own self-interest. It is a psychological theory about how people do behave. Ethical egoism is the normative ethical theory that “an …show more content…
The opening scene focuses on the character Mother Gothel whom is the primary egoist in this movie, also known as the antagonist. Gothel is the “mother” of princess Rapunzel. She is an old woman who discovered this magical golden flower that had the ability to heal the sick and injured. She did not share the flower’s magic with anyone else and utilized its powers for herself. The powers of the flower kept Mother Gothel young and immortal for hundreds of years. She hid this flower deep in a forest so no one else could have possession of it. Mother Gothel is an excellent example of psychological egoism because throughout the movie she is always motivated by her own self-interest and never acts …show more content…
She[Mother Gothel] portrayed actions that displayed her as an egoist throughout the movie. Stealing a baby, holding that baby captive all her life, working with thieves, and stabbing a man were all actions taken by Mother Gothel because of her want to appear young and be immortal. Although Mother Gothel always acted in her best interest, in the end her egoistic ways never brought about any good consequences for herself as she ended up shriveled and dead anyway. On the contrary, Rapunzel supports Thomas Hobbes's theory about egoism. She only ever acted morally in which it protected her self-interest. Over the course of the movie, Flynn Rider started out and egoist, but actually conformed into a utilitarianist. His want to get the stolen crown was very strong in the beginning, but as his adventure with Rapunzel commenced, love got in the way and he slowly began to disregard his want for the returning of his precious stolen crown. Flynn Riders egoist want turned into a utilitarianist desire to help his beloved Rapunzel. All things considered, some core tenets of egoism can be exemplified in the Disney movie
However, Rapunzel was terribly frightened when a man, such as her eyes had never yet beheld came to her; but the man began to speak to her quite like a friend, and told her that his heart had been so stirred that it had let him have no rest, and that he had been forced to see her. As the conversation between the two progressed, they became the fastest, and best of friends; Rapunzel had lost all her fear. It wasn’t long before the man whom she had learned to be a prince asked for her hand in marriage. Rapunzel was shocked, she had lived in a tower for years and had not thought of marriage; the prince was the first man she’d seen since her twelfth birthday. Within her inner ear, Rapunzel heard her own thoughts: ‘He will love me more than old Dame Gothel does,’ and so she spoke, ‘I will willingly go away with you, but I do not know how to get down. Bring with you a skein of silk every time that you come, and I will weave a ladder with it, and when that is ready I will descend, and you will take me on your horse.
The descriptive claim made by Psychological Egoists is that humans, by nature, are motivated only by self-interest. Any act, no matter how altruistic it may seem on the outside is actually only a disguise for a selfish desire such as recognition, avoiding guilt, reward or sense of personal ‘goodness’ or morality. For example, Mother Teresa is just using the poor for her own long-term spiritual gain. Being a universal claim, it could falter with a single counterexample. And being that I believe this claim to be bunk I will tell you why!
In philosophy, egoism is the theory that one's self is, or should be, the motivation and the goal of one's own action. There are many different forms of egoism, for example, there is psychological egoism, ethical egoism, rational egoism and much more. All these different types of egoism differ in different types of ways but in of all of them it is implied that we are all self-interested and not interested in others.
Psychological Egoism is a claim that one’s own welfare is the governing aim that guides us in every action. This would mean that every action and decisions humans make come with an intention for self-benefit, and personal gain. The fundamental idea behind psychological egoism is that our self-interest is the one motive that governs human beings. This idea may be so deep within our morals and thought process that although one may not think selfishly, the intention of their action is representing to a degree of personal gains.
The idea of each person ought to pursue his or her own self -interest exclusively to do in his life time for others is known as Ethical Egoism.
• Once more, the ordinary science’ proves itself as the master of classification, inventing and defining the various categories of Egoism. Per example, psychological egoism, which defines doctrine that an individual is always motivated by self-interest, then rational egoism which unquestionably advocates acting in self-interest. Ethical egoism as diametrically opposite of ethical altruism which obliges a moral agent to assist the other first, even if sacrifices own interest. Also, ethical egoism differs from both rational and psychological egoism in ‘defending’ doctrine which considers all actions with contributive beneficial effects for an acting individual
Psychological egoism, a descriptive claim about human nature, states that humans by nature are motivated only by self-interest. To act in one's self-interest is to act mainly for one's own good and loving what is one's own (i.e. ego, body, family, house, belongings in general). It means to give one's own interests higher priority then others'. "It (psychological egoism) claims that we cannot do other than act from self-interest motivation, so that altruism-the theory that we can and should sometimes act in favor of others' interests-is simply invalid because it's impossible" (Pojman 85). According to psychological egoists, any act no matter how altruistic it might seem, is actually motivated by some selfish desire of the agent (i.e., desire for reward, avoidance of guilt, personal happiness).
Beauty and the Beast centers on Belle who is desired by handsome but egocentric Gaston. Belle’s father, disappears on a journey to a local fair and becomes captive of the Beast. Belle bravely offers herself as an alternative hostage and Beast accepts. As his prisoner, Belle befriends Beast’s household of Enchanted Objects, all talking, walking furniture and kitchen utensils. Belle learns about how the Beast and his staff are all the victims of a witch’s curse that has transformed them. They fall in love during her hostage. In the end, Bella’s love reverses the spell on the Beast.
Gothel, who kidnapped Rapunzel for her own selfish needs demonstrates bad parenting persistently through the movie, Gothel demonstrates narcissistic behavior toward Rapunzel. When they are both standing in front of the mirror Gothel says, “Look in that mirror. I see a strong confidant young lady. Oh and look, you’re here too!” Gothel tends to her own wants and needs, neglecting the wants of Rapunzel. The adolescent stage of life is a period of time where teenagers need to find a personal identity and sense of self. Receiving positive reinforcement and encouragement from parents allows an adolescent to be able to find out who they want to be in life and gives them a sense of direction. According to Erik Erikson’s theory of development this is important to the process of forming a strong identity. (Kroger, 2006) Rapunzel is given no sense of self when is she is constantly being put down by what she thinks is her “mother”. She often receives more criticisms then she does compliments.
Presently, many books and fairytales are converted movies and often, producers alters the original tales to grasp the attention of a large audience. However, some of these interpretations hide the primary interpretation. The original interpretations of the Disney classics Snow White and Sleeping Beauty are greatly reinvented from the original fairytales Sun, Moon, and Talia and Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs because of the brutal nature of the treatment women in these original forms. Although there are differences in certain aspects from the original tales to the movies, there are many issues that are influential to the young girls who are still watching the Disney version. I realize this when my youngest niece, Anella asks me, “Why can’t I be beautiful and fall asleep and suddenly wake up to finally find my prince?” This is true in all cases of the four different translations of the fairytales. Every single girl in these stories are in a “beautiful” state of half-death who wake to find a prince who if eager to carry them off. This can lead to negative psychological effects on young girls as they are growing up, creating a large amount of pressure and low self-esteem due to the beauty that these stories portray and maintaining restrictions that these women experience in the stories. While it is true that Sleeping Beauty and Snow White and the Seven Dwarves are considered Disney classics that entertain children and provide meaningful role models, it is evident that the true, vulgar nature of these tales are hidden; these stories are about women who are thrown away.
... use the story of “Rapunzel” to transmit the message to young women that in order to avoid the kind of misfortunes Rapunzel had to undergo, they must learn from her mistakes and not duplicate them in their own lives, lives best lived according to biblical principles.
The movie Tangled, by Walt Disney Pictures, follows the story of the classic character Rapunzel. In the movie, Rapunzel is kidnapped as a child by Mother Gothel, who locks her away in a tower so that no one will ever find her. She does this because Rapunzel 's hair has magical properties after her birth mother ate a magical flower while pregnant with Rapunzel. Eventually, Rapunzel makes the decision to leave the tower because she wants to see the floating lights that appear every year on her birthday. She is assisted in her travels by a man named Flynn Ryder. When Mother Gothel discovers that Rapunzel has left the tower, she employs various methods to try and force her to return. Eventually, Rapunzel discovers everything that Mother Gothel
Ethical egoism is arbitrary and puts ourselves above everybody else for no apparent reason. Ethical egoism splits everybody into two groups, ourselves and everyone else, and says that we are the morally superior. This brings up the question, why are we, ourselves, morally superior to everyone else? Failing to answer this question, means that the ethical egoist has no rational reason to choose ourselves over anybody else. So, with similar rational, it could just have been that everyone else is morally superior to ourselves. The ethical egoist seems to be completely arbitrary in this decision. This theory doesn’t even know why it is putting us, ourselves, above everybody else. One can compare this to a racist who says white people are more superior to blacks (Rachels). Several decades ago they would rationally argue that blacks are intellectually inferior and a threat to the world peace but today there is substantial amount of evidence to refute these claims. Now the racist has no reasons for the racial discriminations and white people and black people are equal, meaning that being racially against black people is arbitrary and has no rational reasoning. Indeed, ethical egoism is just as arbitrary as racism is, but once again, utilitarianism
Ethical egoism states that an act is good if and only if it serves self-interest. It is a normative theory holding that people ought to do what is in their self- interest
Ethical egoism can be a well-debated topic about the true intention of an individual when he or she makes an ethical decision. Max Stirner brings up a very intriguing perspective in writing, The Ego and its Own, regarding ethical egoism. After reading his writing some questions are posed. For example, are human beings at the bottom? Following Wiggins and Putnam, can we rise above our egoism and truly be altruistic? And finally, if we are something, do we have the capacity to rise to a level that we can criticize and transcend our nature? These questions try to establish whether or not we are simple humans, bound to our intrinsic nature, or far more intellectually advanced than we allow ourselves to be.