In the area of prediction of the reshaped profile of slopes, Popov (1960) [13] investigated the stable slopes in coastal area by means of physical modeling. The stability of reshaped profile in rubble mound breakwaters with rock or concrete cube armors was studied by Priest et al. (1964) [14]. Van der Meer (1992) released the first version of his computer software, named "BREAKWAT [15]", in order to predict the reshaped profile in berm breakwaters. According to the studies performed by Lykke Anderson (2006), Van der Meer (1992) method predicts the reshaped profile of dynamically stable berm breakwaters (H0T0>70) with acceptable accuracy. But for statically stable berm breakwaters (H0T0>70) "BREAKWAT" software predicts overestimated damage for the breakwater. Besides, in this method, the cross-section area of eroded and accumulated parts are supposed to be equivalent, while according to the experimental results, because of the material compression phenomenon, these two areas are not necessarily equal. Ezabad et al. (2005) [16] presented a computer software named "IB" in which the reshaped profile of a rubble mound structure could be estimated, using some equations based on statistical models.
2. Experimental data
A total number of 412 test results are used in the present study, which are obtained from the experiments carried out by Moghim (2009) [17] and Shekari (2013) [18].
The ranges of these effective parameters covered in the tests are listed in Table 2. The material properties related to different armor and filter layers are listed in Table 3.
3. Model tree
Model tree is one of the machine learning approaches which makes the complex configuration of some modeling subjects appear to be insoluble by dividing them into simpl...
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... of error for these estimations is given in Table 12.
6. Conclusions
In this study with a total of 412 tests and implementing the M5' machine learning approach, seven new formulas for seven fundamental reshaping parameters are driven. By means of these seven equations, a geometric algorithm in a computer program is written which could predict the reshaped profile in seaward slope of berm breakwater. The following results can be drawn from the present study:
- The predictive accuracy of the model trees, although it builds linear regression models, was observed to be high enough in the estimation of the equations for reshaping parameters
- According to Figure 7 to 14 and Table 11, the new program which is introduced in this study shows better results for validation indices comparing to those of BREAKWAT3 in the range of parameters governed by the existing datasets.
This rock type could prove dangerous, being soft and with little solidness in its structure. Therefore placing the protection over the rock cliffs was a very well thought and planned engineering
Longshore drift is a process by which sediments are transported from one place to another. When this process occurs, beaches, spits and sandbars are accreted over time. If the process of longshore drift is altered by factors such as stronger winds and stronger currents, beach erosion begins at a faster rate and this may result in many serious problems. The main stakeholders of longshore drift are resort owners. They rely on people to visit their resorts and enjoy the beach. However, if longshore drift erodes t...
This however is not always the case as many studies have failed to validate these systems, some revealing poor sensitivity, poor positive predictive value and low reproducibility (Gao et al 2007; Smith et al 2008; Subbe et al 2007; Jansen et al 2010).
To complete this lab several chemicals must be measured and transferred to test tubes. First 5.0 mL of 0.200 M Fe(NO3)3 must be diluted to a total volume of 50 mL in a flask. Next 0.0020 M SCN–. This solution is then added to 4 test tubes in 1 mm increments. Each test tube is then put in to
Accuracy: This paper demonstrates much accuracy, this is proven through the subtitles, statistics and in text citations for
Evaluation I think that the method used in the experiment is not very accurate because the way we measure the amount of gas produced is not very
concentrations of 10mM, 20mM and 40mM. What this finding tells us is that our manipulation
Shinno, H., Matsuoka, T., Yamamoto, O., Noma, Y., Hikasa, S., Takebayashi, M., & Horigughi, J. (2007).
However, only experiments IV “Effect of Copper Metal” and V “Effect of Temperature” had reasonable results, so copper metal and temperature are the more effective factors. The less effective factors are the changes in concentrations of "H" ^"+" ions and "C" _"2" "O" _"4" "H" _"2" particles. This observation is represented in experiments II “Effect of "H" ^"+ " Ions” and III “Effect of "C" _"2" "O" _"4" "H" _"2" Concentration.” Both runs 2B and 2C had the fastest times of 25 seconds and 86 seconds
perforated aluminium pans and sealed. The sample was purged with pure dry nitrogen at a flow rate of 50 ml/min. DSC scan was carried from 0-300 0C at a heating rate
Polman, H., Orobio De Castro, B. & Van Aken, M. A.G. (2008). Experimental Study of the
Rock and fluid properties are the building blocks in any reservoir engineering study that lead to the formulation of a successful reservoir management strategy. Sometimes the study involves the estimation of oil and gas reserves based on a simple analytical approach, as demonstrated in this chapter. On a separate note, performance prediction of oil and gas reservoir is done by multidimensional simulation models and robust multiphase. Regardless of the study and related complexity, the reservoir engineer must have a sound understanding of the rock properties involved. What is more important is the knowledge of the variability of rock properties throughout the reservoir and how heterogeneous reservoirs perform in the real world. It is a common observation that rock properties vary from one location to another in the reservoir, often impacting reservoir performance. Some reservoir analyses are based on the assumption that a reservoir is homogeneous and isotropic, implying that the rock properties are nonvariant and uniform in all directions. In fact these conditions are so idealized that are rarely met in the field. Various geologic and geochemical processes leave imprints on a reservoir over millions of years, leading to the occurrence of reservoir heterogeneities that are largely unknown prior to oil and gas production. For example, the occurrence...
Interpretation The graph 1shows the extraction of the components on the steep slope. The first 5 components are the part of steep slop. The components on the shallow slope contribute little to the solution. The components nine to nineteen are the part of shallow slop. The big drop occurs between the sixth and ninth components, so first 5 components are used for further analysis. The scree plot confirms the choice of six components.
== Refer to Chemistry Lab # 2 – Investigating Changes. No changes have been made in this experiment. Results = ==
Machine learning systems can be categorized according to many different criteria. We will discuss three criteria: Classification on the basis of the underlying learning strategies used, Classification on the basis of the representation of knowledge or skill acquired by the learner and Classification in terms of the application domain of the performance system for which knowledge is acquired.