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Personal effects of war on soldiers
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Personal effects of war on soldiers
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War Destroys the Soldier’s Mental State
Kevin Power’s The Yellow Bird, is a novel that revolves around the main character Bartle, a soldier during the war in Iraq who makes a promise to Murph’s mom that he will bring back her son home safely. Throughout the novel, Bartle and Murph is under sergeant Sterling control. By following Sterling’s orders, these men are forced to become desensitized to killing. In other words, to survive in Al Tafar, they learn how to become killing machines, or emotionless monsters. The brutality of the war has left them physically and mentally fatigued from the mental stress with them feeling constant danger, which clearly describes Posttraumatic stress (PTSD). PTSD is a disorder that may develop after a person is exposed to traumatic events. The symptoms of PTSD are described as disturbing reoccurring flashbacks, avoidance or numbing of memories, and hyper arousal. The Yellow Bird’s use of characterics of the soldiers, method of narrating, and imagery work together to show that the cruelty of the war leaves a disastrous effect on the soldiers.
The characteristics of the soldiers reveals that they have have developed PTSD, a psychiatric disorder that impairs soldier’s mental state. In march 2005 Bartle left Iraq to get back home to his Mother. He walks around the streets of Germany, and as he reaches a traffic circle he decides to take a cab to K-Town. As he is sitting in the cab, he looks out onto the trees that edge the road. “[his] muscles tensed…[his] fingers closed around a riffle that was not there…[he] continued to sweat and [his] heart was beating much faster”(54). This passage clearly describes the symptoms of PTSD called the flashback. The trees that edge the road have triggered Bartle’s upse...
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The war has left the soldier’s scarred with psychological troubles that they all successfully kill themselves except for Bartle. However, as time goes on, Bartle will learn how to forget his past. In the beginning of the novel, Power opens up the book by an epigraph by Sir Thomas Browne. To summarize, the epigraph is giving the readers insight of what happens to Bartle by the end of the story. In fact, Sir Thomas Brown is trying to convey the message that we all have the power to forget. It is in our nature to forget our evil pasts, but it takes time. In fact, it took Bartle a lot of time to heal from the war. He had to bring back the beauty of nature into his life, the nature he was taught how to destroy and forget during the war. As he is living in the cabin with nature, he is surrounded by innocence and beauty, which allows him to forget the past.
Henry Fosdick once said, “The tragedy of war is that it uses man’s best to do man’s worst.” In “The Red Convertible” by Louis Erdrich, there is a conflict amongst two brothers, Henry and Lyman as ones awareness towards reality is shifted upon the return of the Vietnam War. Henry’s experience fighting in the Vietnam War is the responsibility for the unexpected aftermath that affects their brotherhood. The event of Henry fighting in the war through fears, emotions and horrors that he encounters is the source of his “Post Traumatic Stress Syndrome [PTSD].” It has shaped his own perception of reality and his relationship with his brother Lyman and the strong bond that they had shared.
In Kurt Vonnegut’s Slaughterhouse-Five the main character Billy Pilgrim experiences few emotions during his time in World War II. His responses to people and events lack intensity or passion. Throughout the novel Billy describes his time travel to different moments in his life, including his experience with the creatures of Tralfamadore and the bombing of Dresden. He wishes to die during most of the novel and is unable to connect with almost anyone on Earth. The fictional planet Tralfamadore appears to be Billy’s only way of escaping the horrors of war, and acts as coping mechanism. Billy seems to be a soldier with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), as he struggles to express feelings and live in his reality. At the beginning of the novel the narrator proposes his reason for writing the book is to explain what happened in the Dresden fire bombing, yet he focuses on Billy’s psyche more than the bombing itself. PTSD prevents Billy from living a healthy life, which shows readers that the war does not stop after the fighting is over and the aftermath is ongoing. Billy Pilgrim’s story portrays the bombing and war in a negative light to readers, as Vonnegut shows the damaging effects of war on an individual, such as misperception of time, disconnect from peers, and inability to feel strong emotions, to overall create a stronger message.
The purpose of this paper is to analyze Kurt Vonnegut’s novel, Slaughterhouse-Five; providing details that indicate both Vonnegut and his protagonist Billy Pilgrim suffered from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
“The Yellow Wallpaper” features a narrator who suffers from nervous depression and cannot control her marriage or her everyday life mentally. The narrator in “The Things They Carried” deals with the subjective conditions of war. Throughout the story, straining emotions often brought O’Brien’s teams emotions, especially after a death, causing a “crying jag” with a “heavy-duty hurt” (O’Brien 1185). The fury of emotion associated with death begins to erode the sharp minds of the soldiers and become mentally effective.
Post-traumatic stress disorder is an anxiety disorder that develops when an individual experiences or lives through a life-threatening event. (NIH 2010) These individuals react with intense fear, helplessness, or horror. On a daily basis, the Troops overseas live through life-threatening events. These events are why 12-30% of warfighters develop combat-related PTSD. Troops are prepared for duty but are unprepared for psychological effects of war. We can witness the effects of PTSD in American Literature. One unusual example of these impacts could be shown in the novel, The Great Gatsby. Jay Gatsby is a symbol of combat-related PTSD, which he inquires during World War One(WWI) while stationed with the 17th Infantry. Throughout the novel, Gatsby is described to have many symptoms and risk factors of PTSD. Jay Gatsby’s
Post-traumatic stress disorder, develops after a trauma filled event, and is a recurring reaction, such as distressing memories of the event. Anyone that has experienced two or more traumatic events in a brief setting causes the brain to absolve glucocorticoid, a hormone that controls response to stress. Signs and symptoms of PTSD of veteran is great distress by constant reminders, nightmares or vivid flashbacks that makes it feel real, and emotionally distant from others. The symptoms emanate from an insufficient way of handling extreme stress, such as relieving a stressful situation. With all the traumatizing events veterans faced, it is “estimated that about 30 out of every 100 (or 30%) of Vietnam Veterans have had PTSD in their lifetime” (Gradus). Like many others Billy Pilgrim goes in and out of his WWII experiences, remembering what happened, but for him time becomes shattered into pieces. After the war Billy truly has no control over time, he was sporadic in his thoughts,which is common for people dealing with a traumatic event, over and over again. Imagination and creativity are big keys that Billy uses to “travel” back and forth in time and to deal with surviving the air raid on Dresden. As a “time traveler” Billy keeps going back to Dresden and revisiting the times he had to hide from the violence. He travels in time and creates a whole new dimension of his own as a coping mechanism
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, also known as PTSD, is an anxiety disorder that can develop after a traumatic event (Riley). A more in depth definition of the disorder is given by Doctor’s Nancy Piotrowski and Lillian Range, “A maladaptive condition resulting from exposure to events beyond the realm of normal human experience and characterized by persistent difficulties involving emotional numbing, intense fear, helplessness, horror, re-experiencing of trauma, avoidance, and arousal.” People who suffer from this disease have been a part of or seen an upsetting event that haunts them after the event, and sometimes the rest of their lives. There are nicknames for this disorder such as “shell shock”, “combat neurosis”, and “battle fatigue” (Piotrowski and Range). “Battle fatigue” and “combat neurosis” refer to soldiers who have been overseas and seen disturbing scenes that cause them anxiety they will continue to have when they remember their time spent in war. It is common for a lot of soldiers to be diagnosed with PTSD when returning from battle. Throughout the history of wars American soldiers have been involved in, each war had a different nickname for what is now PTSD (Pitman et al. 769). At first, PTSD was recognized and diagnosed as a personality disorder until after the Vietnam Veterans brought more attention to the disorder, and in 1980 it became a recognized anxiety disorder (Piotrowski and Range). There is not one lone cause of PTSD, and symptoms can vary from hallucinations to detachment of friends and family, making a diagnosis more difficult than normal. To treat and in hopes to prevent those who have this disorder, the doctor may suggest different types of therapy and also prescribe medication to help subside the sympt...
He tells stories and accounts that encompass symptoms pointing towards Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). John Haley describes PTSD as, “A psychological disorder that can occur as a result of experiencing or witnessing an extremely stressful event” (Haley 1). A severe symptom of PTSD that Mr. O’Brien shows towards the end of the novel is where the person will become belligerent and relive their unsightly traumatic event or events over and over again, “At night I sometimes drank too much. I’d remember getting shot and yelling out for a medic and then waiting and waiting. Passing out once, then waking up and screaming some more….. I kept going over it all in every detail” (O’Brien 200-201). Another symptom related to PTSD is that the person will become detached from the outside world or depression. O’Brien describes his time after the war as, “I survived but its not a happy ending” (O’Brien 61). PTSD can cause a variety of effects; one effect that Mr. O’Brien reveals is about memory loss and goes on to say, “What sticks to memory, often, are those odd little fragments that have no beginning and no end” (O’Brien 98). In conclusion all these symptoms of story-truth Tim O’Brien point to him having post traumatic stress
War effects people in multiple ways, some worse than others. “Studies suggest that between twenty and thirty percent of returning veterans suffer, to varying degrees, from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, a mental-health condition triggered by some type of terror, or a traumatic brain injury, which occurs when the brain is jolted so violently that it collides with the inside of the skull, causing psychological damage (Finkel 36).” Post Traumatic Stress Disorder is the most common form of affect on an individual involved in warfare, whether it is the victim or the perpetrator. In Slaughterhouse-Five written by Kurt Vonnegut, Billy Pilgrim, the main character, is struggling with PTSD looking for a way to justify everything that occurred. This story reflects Kurt Vonnegut’s side effects from his war experience. As well as, explaining how trauma changes an individual’s circumstance in society.
Everyone has their breaking point. For soldiers in the Vietnam War, their breaking point escalated into Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental health problem triggered by an event that an individual views as traumatic. The Things They Carried is a war novel that primarily focused on how the Alpha Company, a deployed unit in Vietnam, coped and confronted the aftereffects that followed traumatic events from the Vietnam War. Told from O’ Brien’s retrospective, he chronicled the change of Rat Kiley, the nineteen-year old medic of Alpha Company in which O’Brien was stationed in, who transformed from a unsuspecting, young teenager to a marred soldier who became dissociated from the world and those around
War is no child 's play, but unfortunately, we have had times in our past when the youth of our great nation had to defend it. Combat is not an easy for anyone; watching death, the constant ring of gunfire, the homesickness, fearing for your life, and witnessing bloodshed daily, this will begin to take its toll. The minds threshold for brutality can only handle so much and eventually will become sickened by these events. This sickness is called Post-traumatic stress disorder. As shown through the characters of The Things They Carried, soldiers of war may begin to show PTSD symptoms before the war is over, and may continue to fight the disorder after the war has ended.
War has been a constant part of human history. It has greatly affected the lives of people around the world. These effects, however, are extremely detrimental. Soldiers must shoulder extreme stress on the battlefield. Those that cannot mentally overcome these challenges may develop Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Sadly, some resort to suicide to escape their insecurities. Soldiers, however, are not the only ones affected by wars; family members also experience mental hardships when their loved ones are sent to war. Timothy Findley accurately portrays the detrimental effects wars have on individuals in his masterpiece The Wars.
The war scarred the soldiers permanently, if not physically then mentally. After the war the soldiers usually never recovered from the war. Two of the most common side affects of the war were shell shock and stir crazy. When suffering from shell shock a soldier’s brain doesn’t function properly and the man is a “vegetable”. This means the man is alive but he can’t do anything because he is in a state of shock because of the war. Stir crazy is a mental illness caused by the firing of so many bullets that when no bullets are heard by the victim he goes insane. Everyone was scared to go to war when it started. Young recruits were first sent because the veterans knew they were going to come back dead. "When we run out again, although I am very excited, I suddenly think: “where’s Himmelstoss?” Quickly I jump back into the dug-out and find him with a small scratch lying in a corner pretending to be wounded.” (P 131) Even the big men like Himmelstoss are scared to go fight. They too go through the mental illnesses like stir crazy and shell shock. “He is in a panic; he is new to it too.
War is cruel. The Vietnam War, which lasted for 21 years from 1954 to 1975, was a horrific and tragic event in human history. The Second World War was as frightening and tragic even though it lasted for only 6 years from 1939 to 1945 comparing with the longer-lasting war in Vietnam. During both wars, thousands of millions of soldiers and civilians had been killed. Especially during the Second World War, numerous innocent people were sent into concentration camps, or some places as internment camps for no specific reasons told. Some of these people came out sound after the war, but others were never heard of again. After both wars, people that were alive experienced not only the physical damages, but also the psychic trauma by seeing the deaths and injuries of family members, friends or even just strangers. In the short story “A Marker on the Side of the Boat” by Bao Ninh about the Vietnam War, and the documentary film Barbed Wire and Mandolins directed by Nicola Zavaglia with a background of the Second World War, they both explore and convey the trauma of war. However, the short story “A Marker on the Side of the Boat” is more effective in conveying the trauma of war than the film Barbed Wire and Mandolins because of its well-developed plot with well-illustrated details, and its ability to raise emotional responses from its readers.
In Birdsong, Faulks considers the idea of the War as an ‘exploration of how far men can be degraded’ in terms of the impact that war had upon the individual characters, resulting in dehumanisation. The main feature of being human is individuality. During his three-day-rest, the character Jack reflects that each soldier had the potential to be an individual, but because of the ‘shadow of what awaited them, [they] were interchangeable’ which is an allusion towards the politics of the War; the men were simply seen as statistics. The men search for a fate within the War, demonstrated when Stephen plays cards with the men and claims that Weir would rather have a ‘malign providence than an indifferent one’ which suggests that the men want to feel that someone is planning their future. During a heavy bombardment, Faulks describes that Tipper’s ‘iris lost all light and sense of life’ during his ‘eruption of natural fear’ when the shells land near him. The eyes here are a metaphor for life; it is a human’s eyes which represent individuality and are often described as the window to the soul. Faulks’ description of the loss of light in the eyes suggests that, as a result of the War, Tipper has lost what makes him human. The natural fear and ‘shrill demented sound’ that arises from Tipper is a ‘primitive fear’ which su...