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Problems with racism in literature
Points on roles of children literature
Points on roles of children literature
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Recommended: Problems with racism in literature
Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: Racism
The twentieth century has come to an amazing finale. Racism, ethnic prejudice and hate are on the decline. Perhaps some of these changes can be attributed to the novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, in which Mark Twain addresses the issues of racism and slavery. He writes in a humorous, almost childish way, yet the themes are clear and poignant. Twain utilizes Huck Finn and Jim as the ideal characters because they are the ones at the end of the novel who realize slavery is wrong. Mark Twain establishes the ideals by portraying them through the protagonists, Huck and Jim and criticizes the failure to live up to them by portraying them through the antagonists, Miss Watson.
Prejudice can be observed throughout the novel by the way the other characters treat Huck. Twain portrays Huck as an average boy of his time, mischievous, adventurous and funny. The society Huck lives in labels him "uncivilized" because he has an abusive, drunk father. "By and by pap got too handy with his hick'ry and I couldn't stand it. I was all over with welts" (Twain page #). Here the reader can observe the ultimate failure of an uncivilized person. Pap is an alcoholic, a dead beat and a racist. Nevertheless, society also considered Huck "uncivilized" because he did not wear shoes did not always attend school and he smoked. Society criticized Huck as uncivilized due to physical appearance when really Huck turned out to be more civilized than any other character in the novel because he learns how to respect Jim. Through the ironic criticism of society trying to civilize Huck, Huck teaches us a lesson on being civilized.
In the novel, Jim runs away from his slave owner, Miss Watson. By doing a thing like that Jim could have been killed or beat. The people of Jim’s society would not have even listened to him or even considered his reason. "Well, you see, it 'uz dis way. Ole missus-dat's Miss Watson- she pecks on me all de time, en treats me pooty rough, but she alwuz said she wouln' sell me down to Orleans. ... but she could git eight hund'd dollars for me" (Twain page #). Twain wanted to show, through Jim, just how cruel people were and how those feelings were condoned by society. Twain also shows the ideal of freedom through Jim and the failure to live up to that freedom when Miss Watson sells him.
How would you feel if a white boy couldn’t apologize to a grown black man because it goes against his faith? If I was in the black man’s position I would feel disrespected but I wouldn’t blame the white boy because he was brought up like that and it’s in his mentality to look at African Americans as property and with disgust. In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain incorporates racism and slavery to show how and why it is wrong. He uses Huck, one of his man characters, to demonstrate how a white boy breaks forth from society’s racist ideas and the people around him to have a strong friendship with a slave name Jim, who becomes a fugitive. He uses Jim to demonstrate humanity and how it has nothing to do with the color of your skin. He also shows the struggle African Americans had to go through during that period of time in order to be free. Through friendship Huck learns that Jim is a regular human being just like everyone else.
Mark Twain's novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn depicts how he is a racist. He shows it in many ways in which his characters act. All of the people in the towns are slave owners, and treat black slaves with disrespect. In the time period of the novel slavery was not legal, but racism was. Many scenes in his novel make slaves look like fools. Mark Twain does this purposely to make colored people look and sound like fools, because he is a racist person.
In the novel Huck Finn, the author repeatedly uses satire to ridicule the insanity of racial ignorance and inequity of the time period. With his masterful use of role reversal, irony, and the obvious portrayal of double standards, Twain exemplifies the injustices of different races contrasting them with example after example of counter-argument shown through the friendship and adventures of Jim and Huck together.
Bibliography "Sodium Bicarbonate" American Heritage Dictionary and Electronic Thesaurus (1985) 21: 347 "Acids and Bases" Science Activities Winter 95, Vol. 31 issue 4, p28. McCarthy, E. Jerome Basic Chemistry Homewood Illinois: Irwin-Dorsey, 1968.
glutamate receptors using antibodies, that tag on to the receptor itself. The proteins that make up the
One of the prime examples of Twain’s opposition of this belief system was his portrayal of Huck’s father, Pap, versus his portrayal of Widow Douglas’ slave, Jim. Pap is an abusive, racist, drunk, while Jim was a gentle, kind-hearted, person. Pap was never really much of a father to Huck; he walked out and only came back because he heard Huck had some money. Jim was a very caring person; he cared for his family and for Huck. Despite Jim being the superior human being, he was considered, in the eyes of society, to be inferior to Pap just because of the color of his skin.
Racism, a major issue in society for hundreds of years, even after the abolition of slavery, still affects millions of people. African Americans today still sensitivities towards racism, and the reading of Huckleberry Finn demonstrates the pertinence of racism today similarly to two hundred years ago. When reading novels containing nineteenth century racism, African American readers are exposed to the torments their ancestors were put through, and the novel can have a positive or negative effect in that the reader may enjoy the learning of their history but may also feel humiliated in relation to their classmates of other races. In the literary novel, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Mark Twain, the apparent racism in the book affects
PART I. INTRODUCTION The molarity of an unknown acid will be determined using a method called "titration". Titration is the process of the gradual addition of a solution of known concentration to a second solution until the solute in the second solution has completely reacted. A solution of known concentration used in a titration is called a standard solution. In today's experiment, NaOH, a base, is the standard solution. Sodium hydroxide will be added to an unknown acid. The unknown acid and the base reacts and forms salt and water. This type of reaction is called neutralization: NaOH + HA ---> H2O + NaA HA is an abbreviation for an unknown acid. A substance called an indicator is added to show the end of the titration.
Acetylcholine was the first neurotransmitter to be discovered. It was isolated in 1921 by a German biologist named Otto Loewi, who would later win the Nobel Prize for his work. Acetylcholine has many functions: It is responsible for much of the stimulation of muscles, including the muscles of the gastro-intestinal system. It is also found in sensory neurons and in the autonomic nervous system, and has a part in scheduling REM (dream) sleep.
Jim is one perfect example of the message that Twain is trying to convey. As Jim’s character builds, his english is broken, and at times, is difficult to read. Twain has done this on purpose, to emphasize Jim’s lack of an education and the treatment he gets as a slave. In the beginning chapters of the book, Jim hears a sound and says “say-who is you? Whar is you? Dog my cats ef i didn’ hear sumf’n…” When reading Jim’s dialogue, the reader must have some reflection on the way his speaking is a result of slavery and the purposeful withholding of education.
and a base. The acid is a useful tool because it is able to add a proton to the
However, there is no color change at end point of these reactions, so an indicator had to be added into the solutions to indicate the end point. An indicator is a chemical which is used to indicate the presence of the another substance in the solution; it changes colors when the ions H+ are added or removed by dissociation reaction. In this experiment, phenolphthalein was used as an indicator to indicate the presence of base in a solution by changing the color of the solution from colorless into pink. When the concentration of H+ is low, the solution becomes pink, and when the concentration of ions H+ is high, it becomes clear. The equivalent point is determined when there is a color change from colorless into light pink, and it is also an approximation of the end point. The concentrations were calculated by the equation M1V1 = M2V2, which means that the moles number of the base must equal to the moles number of an acid. The mole ratio in these reactions are 1:1 that means the moles’ number of the first reactant is equal to the moles’ number of the second one at the end
Gut baths can be used to produce quantitative responses and convert those responses to chemical or electrical stimulations by the use of an isometric transducer and these stimulations are shows on a computer. Agonists are compounds that produce a response when administered to a particular tissue. The response that are recorded are directly proportional to the concentration of drug administered. Antagonists are compounds that interact with a set of receptors and form a complex, but no response is elicited. When an effective concentration of the antagonist is administered, this complex prevents the agonist from binding to the receptor and can therefore reduce the agonist response (Dale et al., 2012). The agonist, carbachol and antagonist, atropine are used to show the different responses that is has on a rat ileum. Carbachol is a cholinergic agonist as it binds to muscarinic and nicotinic receptors for acetylcholine and stimulates them, causing a smooth muscle contraction. It is not absorbed well in the gastrointestinal tract and does not cross the blood-brain barrier. Atropine is non-selective muscarinic receptor antagonist and is absorbed well in the gastrointestinal tract. It is a reversible competitive antagonist of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and blocks the effects of carbachol, the agonist occupancy at a given agonist concentration is reduced as the receptor can only accommodate one molecule at a time (Dale et al., 2012). The aim of
In soft neutral water soap works very well. However in hard water those containing ions (calcium and magnesium ions) the soap reacts with the ions forming insoluble salts, scum which settles on fabrics and around the bath. A scum is also the result when soap is used in acidic water. Soap is also affected by the nature of the dirt, for example perspiration breaks down the soap reducing the washing power. There are other disadvantages of soap, it deteriorates on storage lacks cleaning power and doesn’t rinse out completely.
strong base ( contained OH ) were 100% ionized in water and they were all