A brief overview of OCD....... Obsessive compulsive disorder is a form of an anxiety disorder. It is the condition in which someone is flooded with persistent thoughts called compulsions and in order to control those thoughts they engage in repetitive behaviors called compulsions. Article 1 summary....... Patient adherence predicts outcome from cognitive behavioral therapy in obsessive compulsive disorder This was an empirically based study conducted to explore the effect of patient adherence and treatment outcome. 30 adults with OCD were randomly assigned to a standard EX/RP group or another group which included EX/RP along with motivational interviewing strategies. Participants with comorbid disorders were excluded from this study. It was found that between-session adherence significantly affected symptoms after the treatment. A linear regression model was generated to see how severe the post treatment OCD would be. As predicted, it was determined that higher patient adherence significantly reduced post treatment OCD severity. This study was effective because throughout the experiment, the same patient adherence scale was used to measure the adherence. The main reason for this study was to test whether making the treatment more personal would allow for a better outcome. One option for personalizing the EX/RP treatment further was to introduce patient adherence. It was theorized that greater patient adherence between treatment procedures would significantly reduce severe symptoms of OCD after the treatment. Evaluators unaware of either of the treatment evaluations assessed the patients and determined their OCD severity.Therapists evaluated the adherence levels. For minimal symptoms after treatment, patients had to achieve at... ... middle of paper ... ...an experimental group (EX/RP alone vs. EX/RP with between session adherence). This experiment touched on an important concept, that being, along with regular therapy patient adherence is very important to achieve results. Article 2 explored a very popular treatment used to treat OCD which is I-CBT but this study lacked empirical research. There was no control or experimental group, rather it was a case study focusing on a 14 year old boy. Article 3 was also current and included empirically based data. However, it would not be considered one of the best treatments for OCD because it encouraged SRI use. The use of SRIs has been accepted as a treatment for OCD but dependency and difficult withdrawal have been the limitations of using drugs to treat this disorder. That is why article 1 is better because it focus on more cognitive-behavioral type therapies to treat OCD.
Obsessive-Compulsive disorder (OCD) - is characterized by persistent, uncontrollable and unwanted feelings or thoughts (obsessions) and routines or rituals (compulsions) in which individuals engage to try to prevent or rid themselves of these thoughts. In example of common compulsions include washing hands or cleaning repeatedly for fear of germs.
Van Noppen, B., & Steketee, G. (2009). Testing a conceptual model of patient and family predictors of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms. Behaviour Research And Therapy, 47(1), 18-25. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.10.005
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder is a disease that afflicts up to six million Americans, however all its characteristics are yet to be fully understood. Its causes, triggers, attributes, and variations are still unknown although effective medicines exist to treat the symptoms. OCD is a very peculiar disease as Rapoport discusses it comes in many different forms and have different symptoms yet have many similarities. One sure aspect is that it appears, or at least its symptoms do, out of the blue and is triggered either by stressful experiences or, most of the time, just appears out of nowhere. One example is a boy who's father was hard on him for being affected by the worlds "modern ways", the boy at a high school party tries LSD ( a hallucinatory drug), after that thoughts of whether his mind was dangerously affected by the drug. What seemed like completely appropriate worrying and anxiety turned into attacks of anxiety, he couldn't shake the thoughts that something was wrong with his mind. Essentially he had "his mind on his mind" constantly and that haunted his days his thought were as follows: " did the lsd do anything to my mind? The thought never went away ; instead it got more and more complicated. There must be something wrong with my mind if i am spending so much time worrying about it. Is there something wrong with my mind? Was this from the lsd? Will it ever get better?" (The boy who, J. L. Rapoport 125,126) Dr. Rapoport promptly put him on Anafranil (an anti-depressant, used for OCD, not marketed in the U.
CAMH: Centre for Addiction & Mental Health. Retrieved February 27, 2011, from http://www.camh.net/About_Addiction_Mental_Health/AMH101/top_searched_ocd.html. Foundations of Clinical Psychology (1st Custom Edition). (2011). The 'Standard' of the 'Standard Toronto, ON: Nelson Education.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a disorder which causes people to develop an anxiety when certain obsessions or compulsions are not fulfilled. OCD can affect both children and adults with more than half of all adults with OCD stating that they experienced signs as a child. People living with OCD display many obvious signs such as opening and closing a door fifty times because they have to do it “just right”. Others exhibit extreme cleanliness and will wash their hands or take showers as often as they can because they constantly feel dirty. OCD devastates people’s social lives as they are fixated and obsessed with perfection that can take forever to achieve. However people living with OCD are often found to have an above average intelligence and typically excel at school due to their detail oriented mindset, cautious planning and patience. OCD can be caused by many different factors such as genetics or the ever changing world a...
Obsessive compulsive disorder can be associated with other mental disorders that cause stress and anxiety, but it can be treated with cognitive behavioral therapy and medication. Obsessive compulsive disorder is a psychological disorder with symptoms of obsessive thoughts and compulsive actions, such as cleaning, checking, and counting. OCD is linked to other disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and experiential avoidance disorder (EA). OCD and ADHD have similar effects in children, being that they both lead to procrastination when trying to complete simple tasks. People with OCD and EA both have consistent negative thoughts, but the same treatments can be used for both.
People from all walks of life can get a diagnosis of OCD. It can be found in multiple groups of people in all social and ethnic groups and found in both male and female. Most symptoms are formed in early childhood, the teenage or young adult years. If the appearance of OCD suddenly appears later in life could merit a thorough medical evaluation to ensure that another illness is not the underlining causes of these symptoms. This paper will discuss what OCD is, who actually gets it is, what the actual causes of OCD are, and what the effective treatments for OCD are available out there (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, OCD, ...
OCD can be a difficult thing to live with and a struggle for some. If you are someone who has OCD and don’t get treatment you should because it may save your life or just simply help you to be a happier person if this disease gets you down. With all that being said I encourage anyone who has it not to let this get you down and please get treatment.
Anxiety disorder is a type of abnormal behavior characterized by unrealistic, irrational fear. These types of disorders are diagnosed two as often in women as in men. Although these disorders can be very chronic and serious, they are easily treatable. Generalized anxiety disorder is when people experience fear and worry that is not focused on one specific aspect; nevertheless, they suffer greatly with headaches, dizziness, heart palpitations, and insomnia. Obsessive-compulsive disorder, better known as OCD, involves persistent, unwanted, obsessions and irresistible urges to perform compulsions in order to relieve anxiety. Unlike other anxiety disorders, OCD consists more of anxiety and worry rather than fear itself. Many people who experience OCD are aware that there is no motive behind their actions, however their anxiety is heightened when they try to ignore the compulsions. People with such anxiety disorders often experience sensitivity to other people’s views as well as worry over their surroundings.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder is provoked not only by environmental factors, but also by genetic components. OCD can be traced through family history, but there is not a direct factor that is shown to be passed on. If a family member is diagnosed with OCD, there becomes an increased risk for other immediate relatives of inheriting the condition. According to OCD Education Station, “genetics contributes approximately 45-65% of risk for developing the disorder,” but “other factors such as the environment also play a vital role” (“Facts”). Sometimes there can be a sudden outbreak of the disorder rather than a genetic component. When there is a sudden occurrence of OCD, the provocation of the disorder can be linked to strep throat or a mental, physical, or behavioral change of the individual. Not only can OCD be linked to genetic components or a sudden onset, but Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder can also be produced by environmental factors. Behavioral, mental, and environmental factors such as stress, a death of someone close, or the fe...
Obsessive-compulsive disorder has been classified as a type of anxiety disorder under DSM-5, in which there is a presence of obsessions, compulsions or both. Obsessions are defined as “intrusive and mostly nonsensical thoughts, images, or urges that the individual tries to resist or eliminate,” while compulsion are the thought or actions that accompany these obsessions to try to suppress and provide relief. (TEXTBOOK) The obsessions are categorized into four major types, and each is linked with a certain pattern of compulsive behaviors.
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder is a disease that a lot of people suffer with in society especially young adults. While it is not a disease that is deadly, it does affect the victim in every day aspects of their life and can ultimately control their lives. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is defined by the National Institute of Mental Health as, “… a common, chronic and long-lasting disorder in which a person has uncontrollable, reoccurring thoughts (obsessions) and behaviors (compulsions) that he or she feels the urge to repeat over and over”. The thoughts that individuals have when suffering through Obsessive Compulsive Disorder cannot be restrained and really can disturb the individual. Thoughts or actions that people may have can range from worrying about daily occurrences, such as washing their hands, to having thoughts of harming people that are close to them. People tend to have these reoccurring compulsions because they believe by doing them or thinking them, they will either prevent something bad from happening or because it eliminates stress that they have. This disease can last a lifetime and can be very detrimental and disabling to how one lives their lives. Individuals can start to see signs of OCD in either late adolescence or even early adulthood and everyone is susceptible. When it comes to classifying this incurable disease, there is much debate on whether or not it a type of anxiety (Abramowitz, Taylor, & McKay, 2009). It is important to be able to understand this mental disorder since so many people are diagnosed with it. While there are treatments for OCD, there are no cures yet. Treatments could range anywhere from taking prescribed medication to just going to therapy and counseling fo...
My paper is based on an article from the text’s web site (chapter 9) entitled “Lack of sleep ages body’s systems.” The basic claim of the article is that sleep deprivation has various harmful effects on the body. The reported effects include decreased ability to metabolize glucose (similar to what occurs in diabetes) and increased levels of cortisol (a stress hormone involved in memory and regulation of blood sugar levels). The article also briefly alludes (in the quote at the bottom of page 1) to unspecified changes in brain and immune functioning with sleep deprivation.
...e several different theories that try to analyze the stem of this disorder. OCD can be attributed to stress, which can intensify or prompt the symptoms. Experts on this medical field also identify brain dysfunctions such as encephalitis, head trauma, or some other brain disorder as a possible cause of brain abnormalities that may result in OCD. The patient’s genetics can also have a pertinent role in the developing of the disorder experts believe that a person can inherit a tendency to develop OCD under certain conditions. An unbalanced level of brain chemicals according to serotonin theory can also be attributed to a person suffering from OCD. Lastly, learned behavior, is also a crucial factor that needs to be analyzed. If a child is taught that he/she may be predisposed to fear, he/she develop compulsions in order to reduce said fears when negative thoughts occur.
Psychology is the investigation of the mind and how it processes and directs our thoughts, actions and conceptions. However, in 1879 Wilhelm Wundt opened the first psychology laboratory at the University of Leipzig in Germany. Nevertheless, the origins of psychology go all the way back thousands of years starting with the early Greeks. This foundation is closely connected to biology and philosophy; and especially the subfields of physiology which is the study of the roles of living things and epistemology, which is the study of comprehension and how we understand what we have learned. The connection to physiology and epistemology is often viewed as psychology, which is the hybrid offspring of those two fields of investigation.