India was first colonized by the Dutch in 1605 and remained a colony of various European countries till 1947. The largest and harshest imperial power that had control of India was the British. The East India Company began the process to colonize India in 1612 when it was realized that India had a large available labor force and an abundance of extremely fertile land. Logistically, there was a lot of money to be made from colonizing India, and it is for this reason, that European powers had strong intentions of remaining in control of India. The British influence in India was not completely negative. In 1835, English was made an official language in the colony and expected to be taught as a primary language in schools alongside the native languages. Another result of imperialism was the general trend towards modernization for the colony. (The British were directly responsible for all of the infrastructure that is present in India till this day and also the establishments of libraries and universities. Even though these modernizing trends were beneficial to Indian society, resentment for the British grew every year they were in control of the country.) Around the 1900’s, hatred for the British was at an all-time high stemming from the complete domination of the entire Indian subcontinent which includes present day Pakistan and Bangladesh. The British became increasingly abusive of Indian customs once they began to mistreat the culture and the religious beliefs of Indians. Indians gathered together under growing unrest and resentment against their European oppressors in different ways spanning various niches in Indian society to fight for independence. The Indian independence movement included a wide range of popular philosophies an...
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... and in death, as I am confident you will, I shall lead you to victory and freedom. It does not matter who among us will live to see India free. It is enough that India shall be free, and that we shall give our all to make her free (Bose).
Bose was a great public speaker that helped him rally supporters. This trait was tremendously important in building Bose’s legacy as a resilient leader of the masses. Although Bose’s intentions were noble, the INA failed due to logistical issues and a lack of supplies from the Japanese. Bose intended on disrupting the British from fighting in the Second World War and place pressure on Great Britain to release some of its colonial holdings in South-east Asia. The Japanese were open to assisting Bose to carry out is plan since it would be mutually beneficial for both parties.
This was a major aspect of his Azad Hind movement
One country that had imperialism was India. By the mid-1880s, the British East India Company controlled three fifths of India. The cause of British domination was that the land was very diverse and the people could not unite and that the British either paid local princes or used weapons to get control. Positive effects of imperialistic rule in India were that the British set up a stronger economy and more powerful industries. They built roads and railroads. British rule brought peace and order to the countryside. They revised the legal system to promote justice for the Indians regardless of class. Indian landowners and princes, who still owned territory grew rich from exporting cash crops such as cotton and jute. The British introduced the telegraph and the postal system as a means of communication. These improvements and benefits from British rule eventually lead to Indian nationalism. The exposure to European ideas caused an Indian nationalist movement, the people dreamed of ending Imperial ...
“My ambition is no less than to convert British people through nonviolence and thus make them see the wrong they have done to India.” (Document A, Paragraph Two) Gandhi clearly said he did not want to hurt the Europeans, he believed the Europeans forcing ways of life on the Indians was unjust, but he did not want to respond with any negative emotions. This peaceful approach remained a tactic within the movement because as Gandhi held firm to it, his loyal followers mimicked that as well. Gandhi’s words to Lord Irwin, “I do not intend to hurt a single Englishman.” (Document A, Paragraph One), were proven to be truthful ones when six years later the march at Dharasana occurred. While police begin to beat his followers with steel clubs, Gandhi’s peaceful remained cemented within them all. “Not one of the marchers even raised an arm to fend off the blows.” (Document B, Paragraph
When colonizers come to a colony they use direct control to take over all aspects of life. A foreign style of government is put into place and foreign officials are brought into rule. The colony now has no control of themselves or their land. The colonizers goal is assimilation, or to make the group resemble the culture of the new controller. Before British rule, the Mughal Empire gave did not try to intervene with the local societies and let the people be who they wanted. They “...did not try to intervene in the local societies during most of its existence, but rather balanced and pacified them through administrative practices and diverse and inclusive ruling elites”(The Initial Colonization of India and the Later ‘Raj Era’ Reading p.1). Then, in the 1600’s a private company called the British East India Company established their dominance in trading goods from India and Great Britain. This caused more of the British to come to India and they started taking control of the country. Dadabhai Naoroji, and Indian explained “Europeans occupy almost all the higher places in every department of government...Natives, no matter how fit, are deliberately kept out of the social institutions” (Indian Primary Source Packet Doc 2). The British did everything they could to keep the Indians from taking back their power. While in control of the government they
It’s no secret, the word “nigger” in today’s society is one of the most offensive, controversial, and racist things that can come from someone may say. The word right away brings up a dark past in the United States that few can be proud of, a time where African-Americans were segregated against due to their skin color. To this very day it remains one of those words that are rarely said in public because of the hurtful and derogatory meaning that it processes. But what about the word “nigga,” some may argue that our language is changing and the meaning has changed. There has been an ongoing argument over this subject for the last forty years, from when the word was first used in another context, whether it is fine to use the term despite it sharing a
A majority of the Indian people believed that the education system was in good standing and that it didn’t need the ideology of the western world. However, even after the resistant to reform by the native people, the education system was ultimately put under British rule and the foreign conquerors began to revise the way in which the Indians were taught, and what they were taught about. Also, the British government allocated funding for schools in India. In this aspect, the British forced school reforms on the native people while the Belgians forced native people to work for
British Imperialism had a negative effect on India politically because of their highly structured and biased government and law system. The new British government was 94% British and 6% Indian (doc 2). This allowed the british to be extremely biased and ethnocentric towards the Indians in court due to the government being 94% British. Indians got punished far more severely than white people for committing the same crime. For example, an Indian convicted of attempted rape against an english woman would face 20 years hard time, while an Englishmen who shot dead his Indian servant would only face six months jail time and a moderate fine (doc 4).
One could approach this topic from two points of view; the British and the Indian. One could choose either party and find very different opinions. When British colonizers first arrived in India, they slowly gained more and more control in India through many ways, the most prominent being trade and commerce. At first, they managed India’s government by pulling the string behind the curtain. However, soon they had acquired complete rule over India, converting it into a true British colony. The British considered Indian civilization to be inferior and implemented their western ways overriding ancient Indian customs. Nevertheless, it cannot be denied that British imperialism in India resulted in both positive as well as negative reforms in political, economic and social aspects of its new colony.
Imperialism in India British imperialism in India had many positive and negative effects on both the mother country, Britain and the colony, India. Many people would argue which effects were more prominent in these countries, and some would agree that they were equal. But in both cases, there were actually both. In India, the British colonization had more positive effects than negative. For instance, when the British colonized India they built 40,000 miles of railroad and 70,000 miles of paved roadway.
There is no doubt that British imperialism had a large impact on India. From positive affects to negative affects, British colonized India. It all started around the 1600’s when the British East India Company entered India. Only as traders, they entered what was known as the Mughal Empire. Around the 1757 Battle of Plassey the Mughal empire fell (Carrick) and it was only a matter of time until the British Raj took their once in a lifetime chance.
By the year 1857 the British had established complete political control of India. As Western education was introduced and missionaries eroded Hindu society resentment among Indian people grew and it was joined by unease among the old governing class when the British decided to formally abolish the Mughal Empire.
There is no doubt that British imperialism had a large impact on India. India, having previously been an group of independent and semi-independent princedoms and territories, underwent great change under British administration. Originally intended to consolidate their hold on India by establishing a population that spoke the same language as their rulers, the British decision in the 1830s to educate Indians in a Western fashion, with English as the language of instruction, was the beginning of a chain of events, including a rise in Indian nationalism, that led to Indian resentment of British imperialism and ultimately to the loss of British control over India.
The decision to grant independence to India was not the logical culmination of errors in policy, neither was it as a consequence of a mass revolution forcing the British out of India, but rather, the decision was undertaken voluntarily. Patrick French argues that: “The British left India because they lost control over crucial areas of the administration, and lacked the will and the financial or military ability to recover that control”.
“The strongest physical force bends before moral force when used in the defense of truth.” - Mahatma Gandhi (Bondurant). Mahatma Gandhi was the main leader in helping India become independent through the principles of non violence, self-rule, and the unity of Hindus and Muslims. His full name was Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, but he was given the name Mahatma later on in his life. He wanted to see an united India without the rule of the British Empire. He accomplished this with passive resistance or resistance by non violence because he wanted to show that violence is not always the best answer.
"A moment comes, which comes but rarely in history, when we step out from the old to the new, when an age ends, and when the soul of a nation, long suppressed, finds utterance." -Jawarhalal Nehru
The intent of Gandhi in Gandhi's inten was to remove the India he loved from trusting in the greatness and infallibility of Western Civilization and to encourage her to take pride in India’s own identity as a civilization and culture. His enthusiasm slightly exaggerates the grandeur of India and accounts for some margin of error in his esteem for his homeland, but Gandhi’s overall message is sound and wise; India must be proud of her heritage and mindful of sacrifice, for by these means, true freedom and true swaraj will be reached.