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Magellan during the renaissance
Ferdinand Magellan Lagacy
Magellan\'s voyage
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In 1517 Ferdinand Magellan proposed to King Charles I of Spain for a fully funded expedition to find a western sea route to the Molaccan Islands. If Magellan could find an easy way through or around South America it would enable the Spanish to set up a profitable trade route with the Molaccans, known for its abundance of spices.
On May 22,1518 King Charles I granted Magellan enough money to buy five ships. Over 250 men were divided up amongst the Trinidad, the San Antonio, the Conception, the Victoria, and the Santiago. The ships set sail on their journey on September 20, 1519 from a port in Sanlucar de Barrameda, Spain.
The ships sailed south along the coast of Africa until they reached the equator. They then turned to head across the Atlantic Ocean toward northern Brazil. They reached South America at a city in Brazil called Recife. The fleet continued down the coast in search of a passageway through South America. Trades were made in Rio de Janeiro with Native Americans in December. Port San Julian in Argentina gave the crew winter shelter for five months.
Shortly after resuming voyage, one of the ships was driven to shore and lost exploring an inlet. Just south of the 50th parallel, near Rio Santa Cruz, Magellan sent two of his four remaining ships to explore a large inlet. The ships returned two days later responding that they had been to three bays through narrow passages. Against advice, Magellan set out to sail through the strait. One of the ships gave up and set out to return to Spain.
On November 28, 1520 Magellan’s fleet of the three remaining ships exited the strait into another ocean. The strait Magellan and his crew used is now called The Strait of Magellan. The new ocean was named the Pacific Ocean because it was very calm. This ocean had much more favorable weather than the last but was much larger than expected. The crew ran out of food shortly. Soon they ate the leather rope guards. Desperate to survive, the sailors ate sawdust and rats for 98 days. Many died of scurvy and malnutrition. Finally a small island in the west pacific was sighted. The ships stopped for food and to regain health.
Magellan then sailed to Mindanao in the Philippines and on to Cebu Island. Although Spain did not immediately recognize the importance of the Philippines, they had become the greatest Spanish trading center in the East.
Christopher Columbus discovered the America’s for Spain in 1492. The explorers and settlers that settled in Central and South America were mostly Spanish and Portuguese. The English took notice of the Spanish success in the America’s, so they decided to explore the upper part of the America’s, North America, in the late 1500’s.
Milanich, Jerald T. and Susan Milbrath., ed. First Encounters: Spanish Exploration in the Caribbean and the United States1492-1570. Gainesville: U of Florida P, 1989.
Christopher is a fifteen-year old boy with Aspergers Autism whose life is full of uncanny surprises. His main focus is on school, and his ability to take the maths A level exams. Unfortunately, that was his focus until he finds Wellington dead on Mrs. Shears’ lawn. Christopher wants to know who killed Wellington and why. He investigates and finds out not only who killed Wellington, but he discovers secrets about his mother and father. In the book “The Curious Incident of the dog in the night-time”, the author, Mark Haddon, shows us how courageous Christopher is throughout his journey. According to Aristotle, a man is courageous when he sets himself free from his fears, pain, and poverty instead of running away from it. According to Aristotle’s theory, Christopher profusely shows courage when he investigates Wellington’s murder and travels to London to find his mom.
On that day he discovered the “Florida current” which is today known as the Gulf Stream. He and his men had experienced a very strong current when heading north earlier in the month. But when they headed south, they faced it head on. It was so strong all three of his ships were propelled backward even with the wind somewhat on their side. A while later, the crew found themselves on the banks of a river that Ponce de León had named La Cruz. While there, Ponce de León planted a quarry stone cross, as was custom at the time, to mark his claim to the land of Florida (Gannon). Ponce de León would then sail south along the coastline of Florida. He would go through the Florida Keys and possibly venture as far north as Charlotte Harbor or perhaps even Pensacola Bay before turning south and returning to San Juan Bautista. Ponce de León and his three ships arrived in Puerto Rico on September 13, 1513. Ponce de León would then return to Spain in 1514.
S. E. Hinton’s argument is given from the perspective of a 14 year old Greaser named Pony boy Curtis who is being raised by his older brothers Darrel and Soda pop. The theme of the Outsiders is no matter what side you may grow up on whether you are a Greaser or a Socs, that you all can still have the same problems, see the same solutions, and dream the same dreams. You are also able to see how his character grows up and matures during the various interactions throughout this book. The two gangs in the book are the Greasers and the Socs (socials) and honestly, even after reading the book the only reason they didn’t like each other is they both had assumptions about each other that really weren’t correct.
...al is the fact that Johnny always carries a knife when he is out. The reason being is that once, he got jumped by a group of socs. That day, Johnny swore to always have a pocket knife on him. This is his way to survive. Greasers and Socs have a huge rivalry between each other. Thus putting the greasers in danger because the Socs are always picking fights with them.If you need another example of survival, you can just look on page 71. After Johnny kills a Soc at a park, he and Ponyboy had to run away in order to not get caught by the cops or the fuzz as they call it. The boys find a church to sleep in for the night. They would figure out what to do in the morning. They cut and dye their hair in order not to be identified. As you already probably know, they dyed their hair because of survival. If they wanted to survive, they knew they would have to disguise themselves.
...had endeavored the public kings Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile, as through marriage he had unified many kingdoms in the Iberian Peninsula, and were governor simultaneously. After he got his permission in 1 May, 1486, Columbus provided his plans to Queen Isabella that she forwarded it to the Committee. After a long period, scientists from Spain replied that Columbus had flagrantly underestimated the distance to Asia. They said that it is the idea of operation visible and provide advice Royal Highness to pass on the proposed project.
It has become paramount that composers utilise various techniques in order to influence an individual’s perception of the world. As seen through the eyes of an Aspergers sufferer, Christopher Boone, Mark Haddon’s inventive novel entitle ‘The Curious incident of the Dog in the Night Time’, skilfully portrays how the decisions of significant characters and their relationships shape the overall message about the difficulties of living with a limiting social condition. This is challenged from the unique perspective of Christopher and explicitly seen through the relationship between the protagonist and both his parents. Haddon employs a myriad of techniques through the concepts of the conflicting nature of love, the desperation for a world of order and stability, and the value of truth. Along with the reoccurring allusions to mathematics and science in order to display the complexity of human interaction, as he skilfully depicts how both relationships attempt to deal with the issue in their day to day lives.
When Christopher Columbus found all the funds for the voyage they were ready to set sail on the Atlantic. “Columbus sailed for King Ferdinand II and Queen Isabella of Spain. On his first trip, Columbus led an expedition with three ships, the Niña (captained by Vicente Yáñez Pinzón), the Pinta (owned and captained by Martin Alonzo Pinzon), and the Santa Maria (captained by Columbus), and about 90 crew members. They set sail on Aug. 3, 1492 from Palos, Spain” (EnchantedLearning). “Once underway, Columbus benefited from
Late in 1577, Francis Drake left England with five ships, ostensibly on a trading expedition to the Nile. On reaching Africa, the true destination was revealed to be the Pacific Ocean via the Strait of Magellan, to the dismay of some of the accompanying gentlemen and sailors. Still in the eastern Atlantic, a Portuguese merchant ship and its pilot - who was to stay with Drake for 15 months - was captured, and the fleet crossed the Atlantic, via the Cape Verde Islands, to a Brazilian landfall.
Once Christopher Columbus landed on the shores of Haiti and the Dominican Republic word spread across Spain like wildfire that Christopher had succeeded in sailing across the Atlantic Ocean. Other countries such as Spain and Portugal sent conquistadors to explore the New Territory and claim lands for their own people. Spain under the rule of Isabella and Ferdinand sent Hernan Cortez, an incredible charismatic leader who was cunning, ruthless and highly educated. Hernan set sail for the coast of Mexico where he landed on the small island of San Juan de Ulua, just along the Eastern Coast of Mexico. As he set sail there will there be more to it
The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time exhibits real life situations experienced by an autistic, 15-year-old boy, from his own panorama. Christopher’s use of first person perspective ensures that his view on events are explained with accurate, detailed description, enhancing the responders understanding of how the mind of one with Asperger’s syndrome functions. This concept is elaborated on in Christopher’s struggle to become independent as the responder is able to grasp Christopher’s defensive mechanisms to dealing with stressful situations. Christopher narration “so I groaned to make the time pass quicker and not think” during a fit where his tendency to shut down and curl himself into a ball is essentially revealed substantiates his struggle to become independent as his
They had no other choice but to look for alternative routes. The first of the journeys associated with the Age of Discovery were conducted by the Portuguese under Prince Henry the Navigator (“Begin Exploring the Age of Exploration with This Handy Overview”). By the 1400s, Portugal is strong enough to expand into North Africa, and they seize the coastal city of Ceuta in 1415. Their victory inspires Prince Henry, later known as Henry the Navigator, to organize voyages along the western coast of Africa (“Age of Exploration Timeline”). Newly formed Spain wanted to quickly catch up to the other European powers so they finance Christopher Columbus ' voyage to find a western trade route to Asia. Columbus lands in the Caribbean in 1492, convinced he has reached East Asia (BBC). His voyage opens the Americas to later European explorers (“Age of Exploration Timeline”). John Cabot sets out on a voyage from England. When he lands on the east coast of North America, he claims the land in the name of King Henry VII, mistakenly believing he is in Asia. (“Age of exploration Timeline”). Soon the French and Dutch join in to explore the new world. With this New World discovered tons of new resources and crops flourish into Europe. For example some of the new crops that were brought back to Europe
While trust is a somewhat common theme in modern novels, The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Nighttime manages to portray how it affects people in their day to day lifestyle. The book tells the story of Christopher Boone a young boy with autism and his murder mystery novel about the murder of his neighbor's dog. Why this novel is significant is because Mark Haddon tells the story that many young people with autism, like Christopher, live everyday and who’s view on life and the idea of trust and understanding of the world is drastically different than any teenager.
In the early 1890s, a pharmacist named Caleb Bradham concocted a recipe dubbed “Brad’s Drink” consisting of sugars, carbonated water, rare oils, and a caffeine containing nut called kola. In 1898 the drink was named Pepsi-Cola, incorporated in North Carolina by 1902 and the formula patented by 1903. After two decades of expanding business, Pepsi-Cola declared for bankruptcy and was sold to Roy Megargel forming the Pepsi-Cola Corporation. Less than a decade later Pepsi-Cola declared bankruptcy for a second time. By 1931 this allowed for Charles Guth, a businessman who supplied the syrup used by Pepsi, to purchase the company from Roy Megargel. Initially, Guth did not have success with Pepsi and even offered to sell the trademark and recipe to the Coca-Cola Company. "Coke" refused to purchase the twice bankrupt and struggling Pepsi. This prompted Guth to used the labs, the chemists, and the resources of the Loft Candy Company, his employer, to finely tune the Pepsi-Cola recipe to hopefully improve sales. After some clever price promotions, Pepsi had profits of over two million dollars and was the second largest cola company in the United States. Meanwhile, Loft Candy Company was in a legal battle with Charles Guth for using company resources for his personal benefit thus breaching his duty of loyalty. Loft Candy Company won the legal battle and took ownership of Pepsi-Cola Corporation. The faith of the company now rested in the hands of many savvy corporate leaders.