Purpose. The purpose of study one is to find out if overweight women feel more weight stigmatization in job interviews than normal-weight women. There are two hypotheses. Since many blue collar jobs (e.g. teaching, food service) tend to have a higher percentage of overweight women than white collar jobs (CITE), we hypothesize that overweight women being interviewed for blue collar jobs will not feel more weight stigmatization than women of normal weight. Secondly, we hypothesize that overweight women being interviewed for white collar jobs will feel significantly more weight stigmatization than women of normal weight.
Participants. Since research has not revealed significant weight stigmatization towards men, our participants for study one will be women. In order to have a large enough sample, we would need at least 80 participants, or 20 participants in each of the four conditions. Participants will be recruited with advertisements via newspapers, flyers, radio ads, and social media in several large towns and the surrounding 50-mile radius. This is intended to allow for participation from women from a variety of cultures and lifestyles. In the advertisements, no specific jobs will be listed; rather, the recruitment materials will state that an employer is hiring in a number of positions and readers will be instructed to call to set up an interview. Since only women will be participants, any men that call will be told that there are no available positions for which they can interview.
Upon arrival for the interview, participants will be placed into one of two job conditions: blue-collar jobs (defined as teacher, housekeeper, nanny, laborer, etc.) or white-collar jobs (e.g. administration, management, or scientific and pr...
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...o more than 45 minutes, though the length dependent upon the length of that participant’s answers to the questions. Three classes of dependent measures will be collected after the interview: (1) the participants’ ratings of their mood and self-esteem after the interview, which will be measured with the PANAS, the WISE-Q, and the EMCA-Q; (2) participants’ attitudes towards the interviewer, using the warmth and attentiveness scales and the Adjective Checklist; and (3) the interview performance measure.
The PANAS and WISE-Q will be used to measure the change in mood the participant experienced during the interview. To obtain the mood change score, the pre-interview PANAS score will be subtracted from the post-interview PANAS score. Similarly, the pre-interview WISE-Q score will be subtracted from the post-interview WISE-Q score for the change in self-esteem score.
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063-1070. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063
Currently television networks and stations require a set appearance and weight standards for news reporters, newscasters, weather forecaster. Our society looks at the news and weather to see not only the news and weather but the persons. They believe that physical attractiveness and pleasing body image have long been known to have marketplace advantages. Therefore many organizations set appearance standards for their employees, because they think that will project a particular image and as well as a favorable working environment. (Harvey & Allard , 2012, p. 231)
Morrison, T. G., O’Connor, W. E. (1999). Psychometric properties of a scale measuring negative attitudes toward overweight individuals. The Journal of Social Psychology, 139(4), 436-445.
Interest in the social aspects of obesity is nothing new. Jeffrey Sobal has written extensively about the social and psychological consequences of obesity , including the stigmatisation and discrimination of obese and even overweight individuals (Sobal 2004).
Under certain circumstances, being tormented about one's weight can be the foundation of other issues as well. For children growing up it can be especially difficult. There can be many social issues involved as far as making friends and participating in various group activities. Once school is finished, finding a job can be another challenge. By reason that the person may feel they are not good enough and furthermore may be apprehensive of the interview process.
At first glance, it appears that body image researchers have not just focused on the individual. Nearly every researcher in this field acknowledges the essential role that cultural norms for appearance play in the development of one’s body image. They have even gone as far as recognizing the gender differences in appearance norms in our culture. Men are held to a standard of a moderate, muscular built that generally matches the size and shape of the average man, but women are compared to a cultural ideal that has thinned beyond belief (Wolszon 545). The Miss America contestants have become so thin that most are fifteen percent below their recommended weight for their height, a sympt...
Wilcox, K & Laird, J.D. (2000). The impact of mass media images of super-slender women on women’s self-esteem. Journal of Research in Personality, 34(2), 278-286.
Advertisers use women that are abnormally thin, and even airbrush them to make them appear thinner. These advertisers promote a body image that is completely unrealistic and impossible to achieve (Dohnt & Tiggemann, 2006b). It has been instilled in these advertisers’ minds that a thinner model will sell more (Hargreaves & Tiggemann, 2003). Media has a direc...
The employment interview has been the key element used for determining a candidates’ worthiness in filling an open position. Organizations rely on employment interviews as a way to predict the future job performance and work-related personality traits of interviewees. Over the years validity of the employment interview has been under scrutiny, so it is no wonder that is has been the topic of many research papers. The definition of the employment interview is “a personally interactive process of one or more people asking questions orally to another person and evaluating the answers for the purpose of determining the qualifications of that person in order to make employment decisions” (Levashina, Hartwell, Morgeson, and Campion 2013, p. 243).
Today’s culture has placed women across the globe in a position where they are constantly flooded with idealistic images that depict what the media perceives as the “perfect body.” Quite often, young university-attending females, those who are involved in social identity formation, are exposed to numerous forms of media that fabricate various experiences relative to body image. In the past, researchers have surveyed women who are exposed to body-related standards using multiple forms of mass media as a unified entity, which has caused for limitations since each means -such as magazine advertisements- differs in relation to how a thin idealistic image is portrayed. In light of prior research, Harper and Tiggman established that about 94% of North American women magazines implemented images of thin-idealized models on the cover; this lack of diversity exhibited the media’s support for slenderness as a norm for women (Harper & Tiggemann, 2009). Similarily, Murnen et al. not only uncovered that magazines were the most popular amongst females and was strongly associated with body discontent as compared to other mass media, but also that women often compared themselves to those seen in the images (Bell & Dittmar, 2011). Despite these numerous studies, the mechanism behind if and how women are affected negatively by such imagery is still unclear (Ferreday, 2011). This report’s research question resolves to uncover any parallels and causal impacts that may exist between university-aged females’ body perception and short-term exposure to idealistic body-related images within beauty related magazine ads. Based on the stated preceding studies, it is easy to hypothesize that female students may exhibit meager body images. However, i...
I will be addressing 'Gibbs ' reflective model; in order to have a comprehensive perspective upon my self-awareness during the interview at the 'The University of Nottingham ', for the position of an Adult Nurse. Commencing the interview, we all gathered around a table, which roughly consisted of twelve students and two assessors, the atmosphere was relaxed and the interview initiated with a general introduction from the assessors, followed by each candidate saying their name.
Men and women were not seen as equal human beings; instead it has been obvious that men were more likely to be on the upper hand. In 1987, it has been recorded that 2/3 of the people who were presented in the media were male. However, it is evident that the media usually presents and sexualizes women who are “young, fit and beautiful” hence probably creating self esteem issues more than confidence, especially in younger women who are religious towards the media’s expectations. This stereotype of a desired body shape only forces women to meet unattainable, perfect physical standards (Gill 2015).
People may think that men should be cool and handsome and should look and be a certain why like having a lot of muscles. McClure Stewart is the managing of editor of Women’s Quarterly Journal and Kate Kennedy is the campus project more important, our inner Women’s Forum, stated, “Again, this one features a corpulent guy’s guy lounging on his sofa in his dirty undershirt, which barely covers his beer gut” (1).Why is it that males are always stereotyped as the ones that cannot take care of themselves. Females are not the only ones that care about body image. So do males because like women they too try to attract the opposite sex. Many males find this offensive because it’s like we are not all slobs and they all would not want to be categorized like that too. At the same time, females worry about body image more because of the many advertisements that make women just look like sex objects. Katherine Toland Frith an associate professor at the School of Communication and Information at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore and Barbara Muller coordinator of the Media Studies Program at San Diego State University stated that Gentry found that female college students who were repeatedly exposed to thin models in ads feel increased guilt, shame, insecurity, and body dissatisfaction (5). Women tend to be more sensitive than a male which is already a good reason that females have it worse than males. Not to
Applicants are relied on to show talk limits by observing and making demand and speaking wholeheartedly about their slants and dislikes.is a general examination with the controller. Hopefuls give particular data about themselves, for-e.g. discuss their orderly life, studies, gets arranged for the future, consequently on examination with substitute candidate(s). The hopefuls review the subject identified with the photos they were given in Part 3 of the exam, discussing their opinions.It is similar to a meeting.
The human psyche is notoriously fragile; so fragile, in fact, that neuroscientists, psychologist and other experts toil to understanding the underlying workings of the human brain, to gain a better understanding of its intricacies. Such fragility often manifests itself when an individual is under an attack of some sort. Yet, not all attacks are physical. On the contrary, some of the deadliest are psychological. This paper is concerned with a discussion of the causes and effects of body shaming. Briefly defined, this type of shaming constitutes the practice of critiquing an individual by using harsh and often insulting terms, which in most cases pertains to that individual’s body size or weight. With stigmatization, mass media manipulation