In the current anarchical world, The United States acts as the global hegemon. However, China’s recent rise to power foreshadows a probable upcoming power shift in the international system. According to Waltz, the realism paradigm claims, that countries existing in an anarchic system will survive, if they constantly struggle for power. In contrast, the liberalism paradigm claims that cooperation may be achieved in an anarchical system, if guided by shared norms and aligned political and economical interests. China’s growing political and economical control over the Asia-Pacific region threatens U.S. foreign security. Therefore, the desire for power, and other accompanying issues such as threats to security, and differences in political views, will lead the U.S. and China to engage in future military conflict.
A brief background of the international distribution of power will be helpful in understanding the premises of the realist argument. Post-Cold War, the international system functions as an unipolar system, with U.S. as the global hegemony. Mearsheimer defines a hegemon as “a country that is so powerful that it dominates all other states,” with no other state militarily powerful to contest that power. Post WWII, a high bipolar system existed between two major powers: the U.S. and the Soviet Union. Although Waltz argues for the stability of the bipolar system, the insecure nature of the international system resulted to the Cold War. The Cold War left all major powers, but the U.S., in economic shambles. Thus, the U.S. faced unprecedented and unrivaled economic and political power and thus, seized its place as the global hegemon. Currently, China and the U.S. face similar security challenges as the U.S. and the Soviet Union...
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... The U.S.-Japan security treaty obligates the U.S. to intervene if an attack against Japan occurs. Thus, if negotiations fail, then Japan or the U.S. will have no choice but to forcefully compel against China. As a result, catalyzing war. Eventually, China will test its political and economic power, until the U.S. decides to compel.
Since the rise of conflict between China and U.S. has increasingly become more apparent, the U.S must cautiously move forward regarding its decisions with China. Given the current relationship, Washington should strive to minimize potential damages as a precaution to the foreshadowed conflict. These precautions may involve additional diplomatic negotiations or seeking assistance from international institutions. Nevertheless, unless both U.S. and China come to terms of agreement, both actors desire for power will inevitably lead to war.
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