Rajbir Singh Pannu 2014-02-10
“Ethical judgements limit the methods available in the production of knowledge in both arts and the natural sciences. Discuss.”
In essence, several domains limit the exploration of a model, especially in the areas of natural sciences and arts. These domains include ethical judgements, judicial regulations, and economical considerations. New knowledge is created by using several distinct methods that require reason, emotion, perception, or language as a way of knowing. These four ways of knowing are applied in forms such as experimentation, literature, the visual arts, theorization, etc.; as a result, new knowledge is produced. Primarily, this essay will be concentrating on how ethical judgements limit the methods available for the production of knowledge. In definition, ethical judgments are verdicts based on moral considerations regarding what is ‘right’ and ‘wrong’. It is difficult to determine what is right or wrong as it truly depends on the individual or societal understanding of ethics. Reason and emotion play a key role in societies for determining the ethical code. Furthermore, ethical judgements affect the method and its application for the production of knowledge. By taking the question into account, the knowledge issues I have developed are: “To what extent do ethical considerations limit the exploration of the natural sciences and the arts?” and “ To what extent are the ethical judgements associated with the natural sciences and the arts different and similar?”
In the area of the natural sciences, experimentation is the most prevalent form of producing knowledge. Experimentation consists of using reason as the primarily way of knowing. Ethical considerations prior to ...
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...affect the mental state. For me, the psychological state is more valuable than the physical state as a physical body is nothing without the mental body.
Undoubtedly, ethical considerations limit the exploration of the natural sciences and the arts. The two areas of knowledge are affected both similarly and differently by the ethical judgments. These ethical judgements vary from culture to culture or region to region when it comes to the arts. On the other hand, the ethical judgments associated with the natural sciences are more universal as it involves the physical body, rather than the mental state. In my opinion, ethical considerations shouldn’t limit the production of the knowledge, but rather its application. In other words, a scientist should research stem cells and the application of this research to prevent diseases should be limited.
Then, using ART or not is a personal decision, taking into account all aspects that it involves. There are advantages for many people that have more value than the disadvantages. Nowadays, society is most morally permissible, and is concerned over personal needs more than the social consequences. Although there is always the preoccupation of the limits of science, but the most common thought is that "it is not an issue for us,” law, religion, and scientists are those who must solve it.
The history of ethics exhibits many different approaches at securing an objectivist ethics. Besides traditional theistic-based approaches, there have been attempts which seek to establish some objective foundation (usually in practical reason or human interest) that is independent of, but which can be used to generate, or involve, an ethical outlook. Another less direct approach has taken the form of attempts at elaborating points of advantageous comparison between ethics and some other discip...
During the height of the feminist movement in 1971, feminist art historian Linda Nochlin published an essay titled “Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists?” in the magazine ArtNews. In this brief polemical essay, Nochlin elaborates upon the reasons why there have been no great female equivalents for Michelangelo or Rembrandt and explores the possibilities behind the lack of great female artists throughout the course of history of art. Unlike most feminist intellectuals in her times, she does not conduct her arguments through the typical feminist views, emotional and subjective centered, but rather through “historical analysis of the basic intellectual issues (Nochlin 145).”
A general worldview of the United States is a country enriched in luxury, where attaining “the American Dream” is the ultimate goal. America is seen as a country that offers freedom and most importantly provides opportunities. However, behind this façade is the dilemma that exists between the rich and poor neighborhoods in the United States. The socioeconomic status of parents plays a vital role in their offsprings’ future socioeconomic status. The effects of poverty and wealth among children in neighborhoods are examined in Tama Leventhal’s and Jeanne Brooks-Gunn’s article Children and Youth in Neighborhood Context.
Ethical judgments limit the methods available in the production of knowledge in both the arts and the natural sciences. Discuss.
Throughout the world’s history, ethics have continuously shaped people’s opinions and influenced the actions in which they take. Our ethical judgments are based on our intuitions of right and wrong and ultimately form rules based on the collective values of society and what is seen as fitting the status quo. If these ethical standards are not met, a person or group may face disapproval or rejection by those around them. While each situation or approach in the natural sciences and the arts is somewhat unique, ultimately the ethical judgments we make will inevitably place limitations on the production of knowledge that is possible in each of these situations.
“Knowledge is power”. “Great power involves great responsibility”. Both of these quotes, the first belonging to Francis Bacon and the second to Franklin D. Roosevelt, demonstrate the undeniable relationship between knowledge and responsibility. So if the possession of knowledge gives one great power, then certainly ethical responsibility comes hand in hand with it. But what does ethical responsibility involve? Does all personal knowledge need to be shared in order to broaden shared knowledge? Or is there a limit to the ethical responsibility on the possession of knowledge, and if so where do you draw the line? In this essay I will venture into a few AOK’s and see which holds more ethical responsibility in the possession of its knowledge and why.
Who appoints ethical limits that prevail in our society? Is every individual responsible for their own actions even though their morals may be different from others? Ethical judgments are made for every individual separately and some of them are based on their own emotions or their own reason. There are many factors that influence ethical judgments in a society or culture. In my essay I will use reason and emotion as ways of knowing, because I believe that in order to make an ethical judgment in both the natural sciences and arts a person’s emotion and reason play a role. Discovering new knowledge in natural sciences is mostly done with controlled experiments, while artists can express their knowledge in a different way with pictures, sculptures, movies… In both areas of knowledge ethics cannot be excluded. Art has more freedom to express without getting negative feedback from spectators or society, while a natural scientist must be aware of lots of ethical limits in order that their experiment would be ethically acceptable. My claim is that ethical judgments do limit the methods available in the production of knowledge in arts and natural sciences, but the limitations are stricter when it comes to conducting experiments than creating art works. Ideally an objective view should be considered when evaluating this claim but our emotions can be stumbling blocks to ethical judgments.
Ethical judgments limit the methods available in the production of knowledge in both the arts and the natural sciences. Discuss.
There are no specific ways humans are able to gain knowledge for we as humans develop knowledge through our time of life. Ethics may or may not play a role in limiting the strategies used in the arts and natural sciences to produce the knowledge necessary. In the naturals sciences, we need perception most of all to be able to communicate information. Art is the same, for our perception of a painting is important to process our own information and have different interpretations of it. As an example, the knowledge gained from occurrences such as Adolf Hitler becoming dictator and causing the Holocaust made a positive and negative impact in the world. It could have influenced other dictators to do the same with their people or it could have influenced other countries to prevent such a cause from occurring. Thus, the issue of should we accept ethics for the purpose of producing useful knowledge is arose.
Production of knowledge is generally seen in a positive light. However, when ethics and morality become involved in the process of production, judgements will undoubtedly be made that may seem to limit the availability of that knowledge. Ethical judgements are made by the combination of a knower, his or her standard of value, and the situation itself. In the field of the arts and natural sciences, ethics plays a crucial role in the extent one may possibly be allowed to go to when discovering new knowledge. Reason and emotion are important ways of knowing that help guide knowers in making certain moral decisions. Both ways of knowing can be associated with teleological or deontological arguments; the ethics are based on either an objectives-focused or obligations-focused mindset. In this essay, I will be discussing the limitations set on both the arts and the natural sciences as areas of knowledge. To what extent do ethical implications hinder the way art can be produced or the methods involved in expanding society’s knowledge of science?
To the great extend ethical judgements limit the methods available in the production of knowledge in both the arts and the natural sciences. But in my opinion such a limitations are essential, while people need to be to some extend controlled. The boundaries are needed because giving to people to much freedom and power is very dangerous. The only one problem in case of ethical judgements is that the perception about something wrong or right differs among the people. I think that this comes from the inside, generally there are some “informal laws” how to behave, what is good and bad, but this is a personal matter of every single person which ones from that “laws” he or she accept and reject. The morality is determined by culture and experiences and differs among people. If there would not be something like moral code the production of knowledge in art the same as in natural science would not have any limitations. Using examples from art and biology I will try to show how ethical judgements limit the methods available in the production of knowledge in both the arts and the natural sciences, but also I will try to explain my statement that such a limitations are necessary.
This essay will show that ethical considerations do limit the production of knowledge in both art and natural sciences and that such kind of limitations are present to a higher extent in the natural sciences.
Ethics is the study of moral values and the principles we use to evaluate actions. Ethical concerns can sometimes stand as a barrier to the development of the arts and the natural sciences. They hinder the process of scientific research and the production of art, preventing us from arriving at knowledge. This raises the knowledge issues of: To what extent do moral values confine the production of knowledge in the arts, and to what extent are the ways of achieving scientific development limited due to ethical concerns? The two main ways of knowing used to produce ethical judgements are reason, the power of the mind to form judgements logically , and emotion, our instinctive feelings . I will explore their applications in various ethical controversies in science and arts as well as the implications of morals in these two areas of knowledge.
Art is limited in a very large number of ways by the ethical judgements we make, but it is also often brought into existence as a result of our morals and emotions. These judgements seem to handicap the production of knowledge of and through art, but they are also vital to it. This is a sign that abandoning our morals would be difficult, but impractical for the arts. For science, however, abandoning these morals to avoid the obstacle of ethical judgements would allow us to understand much more than we do today, and even more than we did hundreds of years ago; however, these judgements also keep our developments in check. They may prevent some good, but they definitely prevent irreversible harm as well. It is clear that ethics has many drawbacks, but it is a necessary element of our lives.