comuter networks

2.2. THE WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)

It is a public hypertext internet-based system that lets you check, with a browser, accessible pages on websites.

1. The basis of the Web: the hypertext system

Hypertext is a communication system connecting different elements to each other by a (hyper) links:

- Language of communication from machines between them: the Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) sites are identified by their web address (URL: Uniform Resource Locator) it depends essentially on domain name (ex: http://www.lost.com)(short cut for address IP, ex:.com,.org,.edu,.fr,.de,.co.uk,.gov.fr,.tv, etc...)

- Language of navigation from one web page to another: it moves from one web page to another (written in HTML: Hyper Text Mark-up Language) by clicking on a hyperlink.

2. Understanding Web browsing:

Consult a page / website =

- Open a file from a remote computer (in general), since a given address (URL) or a hyperlink.

- To display it on its own computer with appropriate software to interpret the source (the browser).

3. The browsers, software Web

The Web browser is a software designed for the World Wide Web. Technically, it is at least an HTTP client.

There are many Web browsers, for all sorts of materials (personal computer, touchpad, mobile phones, etc.) and for different operating systems (GNU-Linux, Windows, Mac OS, iOS and Android). The most used at present are, Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer, Safari, and Opera.

4. Operation of the WEB browser

Search engines, in the true sense of the word, are those who carry out themselves searching and indexing of Web pages without human intervention. Automatic indexing sites include all:

- a database update

- this database software

Thes...

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...is a set of documents available via the internet, connected together by links called hyperlinks.

 Web page that is the name commonly used to refer to materials on the World Wide Web. Each page is marked by an address called a Uniform Resource Locator (URL).

 Website is a set of web pages, often by the same author, particularly interlinked. It is in some ways equivalent to a folder

 Hyperlink Web pages are interconnected by hypertext links: these are portions of text or images that the user can click to be directed to another page. These are connections that connect the entire network of the World Wide Web.

 Search engine it is a particular website which offers the user to help in flushing out documents in the vast World Wide Web. It delves into this database to provide the user with a list of web pages on which it could find that interest him.