Bowling Report
Bowling has a long and rich history, and today is one of the most popular sports in the world. A British anthropologist, Sir Flinders Petrie, discovered in the 1930's a collection of objects in a child's grave in Egypt that appeared to him to be used for a crude form of bowling. If he was correct, then bowling traces its ancestry to 3200 BC.
A German historian, William Pehle, asserted that bowling began in his country about 300 AD. There is substantial evidence that a form of bowling was in vogue in England in 1366, when King Edward III allegedly outlawed it to keep his troops focused on archery practice. And it is almost certain that bowling was popular during the reign of Henry VIII.
By this time, too, there were many variations of "pin" games, and also of games where a ball was thrown at objects other than pins. This would seem to imply that the games had developed over time, from an earlier period.
One of the most eccentric games is still found in Edinburgh. The player swings a fingerless ball between his legs and heaves it at the pins. In doing so, he "flops" onto the lane on his stomach. There were and still are many variations of ninepins in Western Europe. Likely related are the Italian bocce, the French petanque, and British lawn bowling.
Undoubtedly, the English, Dutch and German settlers all imported their own variations of bowling to America. The earliest mention of it in serious American literature is by Washington Irving, when Rip Van Winkle awakens to the sound of "crashing ninepins". The first permanent American bowling location probably was for lawn bowling, in New York's Battery area. Now the heart of the financial district, New Yorkers still call the small plot Bowling Green.
The game had its ups and downs in America. An 1841 Connecticut law made it illegal to maintain "any ninepin lanes", probably because bowling was the object of much gambling. But the problem, of course, also evidenced its popularity. Also, many captains of industry chose to install a lane in their mansions.
While it is uncertain where the tenpin game evolved, by the late 1800s it was prevalent in many states such as New York, Ohio and as far "west" as Illinois. However, details like ball weights and pin dimensions varied by region. But that changed when restauranteur Joe Thum fin...
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...h (final) frame, they are allowed two more deliveries. If a player makes a spare in the tenth frame, they are allowed one more delivery.
Generally, the scorecards are marked with symbols to say what happened.
A strike is marked by X
A spare is marked by /
A miss (where no pins were scored from a ball) by a -
A foul is marked by F
A number states how many pins were scored. There are two boxes per frame for each ball, except the final frame, which has three boxes, to allow for a strike or spare in the final frame.
The score adds up throughout the ten frames to provide the finishing score.
Career opportunities
There are many careers directly or indirectly connected to bowling.
Being a professional Bowler is the most obvious career opportunity, and probably the one with the best chance to get rich. Another way to work with bowling would be as a bowling coach or trainer. As a member of the ABA or ABC you can get involved in national bowling issues without actually practicing the sport. Strike Ten offers many job indirectly related to bowling. Strike Ten is the centralized marketing, management, television and licensing company for the bowling industry in the United States.
“The athletic craze began in the late nineteenth century when American’s were looking for some recreational activities to add to their daily lives during the Depression. In the cities, industrial wage earners frequented play grounds. They went dancing at the dance halls and had fun at the amusement parks. People that lived in rural areas simply rode bicycles, played baseball or football. “
Transition: First, I want to talk about the equipment used in the game of bowling.
Wikipedia gives us following definition of a bowling ball: “A bowling ball is a piece of sporting equipment used to hit bowling pins in the sport of bowling. Ten-pin bowling balls are typically hard spheres with three holes drilled in them, one each for the ring and middle fingers, and one for the thumb.”
[3] Baseball then expanded itself and moved on to integrating young men of “means and social positions.” In the 1850’s, baseball had a tremendous power that engaged many people from the East Coast part of the country. It got artisans, tradesmen, and shipwrights to form teams and play against each other. These teams of working men played against other teams that were made up of socialites. Within these club teams, though, there was a lot of disagreement because the people who used to partake in these games were mainly from the New York and Massachusetts areas. There were many discrepancies between the New York rules and the Massachusetts rules. This then led to the founding of the National Association of Baseball Players on March 10, 1858.
?Adjectives such as clean, wholesome and pure were often used to describe the game. It was a pastime which promoted idealistic
The sport that began as a modified version of two more popular imported games had its great awakening during the Civil War. The sport had grown somewhat in popularity especially in northern industrial cities like Boston and New York. However, the rules of the game varied slightly depending on what city or region of the country you were in. In New York, the game resembled modern baseball while in other parts of the country baseball resembled cricket or rounders more so than the modern sport. The vast regional differences between what was considered baseball, cricket, or rounders exemplified the divides in the country. It was then, in the most divided time in the history of the union, that baseball was find the right conditions to unite. At the
Lacrosse is the oldest game in North America estimated between five hundred to one thousand years old. Many villages would play lacrosse together training for battle. Back then lacrosse balls were made mostly of clay. Sometimes they were made from wood and in rare
When the first people of America started playing lacrosse centuries ago, the game served many purposes. It was played to amuse the Creator, to train young men for war, and to settle disputes between tribes (Source B). The game was played by tribes in all parts of the United States and Canada; it was played by the Mexican Kickapoo in Texas, the Seminole in Florida, the Bungi in Manitoba, the Cherokee in Tennessee, and the Passamaquoddy in Maine (Source B). The game was called Baggattaway, meaning they bump hips by the Algonquin tribe, and Tewaarathon, meaning little brother of war, by the Iroquois tribe (Source B).
It was Thanksgiving Day in 1887, and just like men would today, they were watching football. The alumni of Harvard and Yale got together to cheer on their former schools. After the game, a man from Yale, in celebration, picked up a boxing glove and tossed it across the room at the Harvard graduates. Using a broom handle one of the Harvard men hit the glove away. This gave George Hancock, one of the men who was gathered there for the game, an idea. He took two boxing gloves tied them together and made a large ball. Then he chalked out a small diamond, like the ones in baseball, and broke a broom handle to use as a bat (History). The group of twenty played the first game of what would become known as softball. After an hour, the game ended with a score of 41-40 (History). At the time the game was called indoor baseball, and became a popular sport in the city of it’s creation, Chicago (History).
Baseball dates back all the way to the late 1830's. It is thought to be originated from a game called rounders. Also, there is many
Golf originated as just a ball and stick game played in parts of Europe. Golf dates back hundreds of years, even being played by Romans! Scotland does have the first recorded reference to golf when their king, King James II, issued a ban in 1457 on golf and football because they “kept his archers from their practice.” Even so, the game continued to be played by many. The sport itself was not born in Scotland, but grew up and became what it is today there. The USGA museum says, “While many Scots firmly maintain that golf evolved from a family of stick-and-ball games widely practiced throughout the British Isles during the Middle Ages, considerable evidence suggests that the game derived from stick-and-ball games that were played in France, Germany and the Low Countries."It officially
In America, it all began in the industrial age, which brought long work weeks and boring jobs. The employees across the nation were in need of a break. Ever since the mid-nineteenth century, white American settlers began to participate in organized sports such as baseball, football, basketball, curling, and bowling. In as early as 1820, a game involving a bat, bases, and a ball was evolving in the
This game of a stick and ball has captivated the United States during good and bad times. In either time most of us today can remember stories of players from the late 1800’s to early 1900’s. These are legendary figures in the sport of baseball that have are celebrated as hero’s and in scandal, i...
“First appearing in England in the 14th century, King Edward lll issued a decree outlawing the practice of field hockey”(Wpadminskhdev). King Edward lll referred to the sport as an idle game and banned it from being played. He issued in the proclamation “Moreover we ordain that you prohibit under penalty of imprisonment all and sundry from such stone, wood and iron throwing; handball, football, or hockey; coursing and cock- fighting, or other such idle games”(Editors). Although King Edward lll did not encourage field hockey, the game made it all the way to our generation today. “Field hockey developed in the British Isles in the late 19th century by public schools along with the help of Middlesex cricket clubs in London”(Wpadminskhdev ). The origins of field hockey can be discovered in ancient Egypt, Greece, and Persia. “In England, professional men teams were formed, but later after, several women’s colleges formed the first Women’s field hockey team in the United States”(Mifflin).
In ancient Rome soccer was played with no rules, strategies, or tactics. There were usually 54 players in total 27 players on each team. The game was so popular that it was included in the Olympics, many players were injured in that game. There was another game that was played and this game was played on the streets it was mostly played by young boys. There was another game that was played in the mid- 14th century it was called mob football. This game had unlimited players and nobody created rules for it. Around 576 B.C. to 221 B.C. a sport in China called cuju was popularly played cuju mean “kick ball with