1.Background and Research:
1.1.History of wind energy and wind turbine
Fig1.1 History of Wind Turbines
During the last century, due to the rapid development of the power system, the use of wind energy experienced several stages. Firstly, the period of infancy, in the 1930s and 1940s, hundreds of thousands of electricity producing wind turbines were built in the U.S. These wind turbines provided electricity to farms beyond the reach of power lines and were typically used to charge storage batteries, operate radio receivers and power a light bulb or two [1].
Then, with the expansion of the utility grid, wind energy entered into the trough period. Because of this, the development of wind turbine lay nearly dormant for the next 20 years until 1970s. After that, wind energy ushered in a new beginning
In the early 1980s, a new market for wind systems started which is called “wind farms”. As well as, with emphasis on renewable energy, more wind farms will be built, but for most countries this is still not realistic.
Over the past few decades, there has been an increasing use of induction generator particularly in wind power applications. In generator operation, a prime mover (turbine, engine) drives the rotor above the synchronous speed. Stator flux still induces currents in the rotor, but since the opposing rotor flux is now cutting the stator coils, active current is produced in stator coils, and motor now operates as a generator, and sends power back to the electrical grid. Based on the source of reactive power induction generators can be classified into two type namely stand-alone generator and grid-connected induction generator. In case of stand-alone IGs the magnetizing flux is established by a capacitor bank connected to the ma...
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...erg "A Review of the State of the Art of Power Electronics for Wind Turbines" IEEE conference on Power Electronics and Machines in Wind Applications, 2009. pp. 1-16 June 2009.
[13] Power Electronics and Machines in Wind Applications (PEMWA), 2012 IEEE , Issue Date: 16-18 July 2012 , Written by: Arnedo, Luis; Dwari, Suman; Motapon, Souleman; Blasko, Vladimir
[14] Matlab. Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MATLAB
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[15] Electrical Engineer Jobs in London. Available at: http://www.jobsite.co.uk/jobs/london/electrical-engineer
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[16] Available at: http://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/ac-squirrel-cage-induction-generator_60066504902.html
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[17]Wind Turbine Industry Market Research & Statistics. Available at: http://www.reportlinker.com/ci01341/Wind-Turbine.html
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These include the history of windmills and their role concerning the survival in the immense plains that range from east of the Rocky Mountains to the Mississippi River. The rise of the economic condition of those living around the wind farms along with the surge of investments from energy companies. Finally, the promising data relating to the amount of energy produced, and the consequences they will have on the environment. In the later and longer part of the article, the possible negative results or wind farms are brought up. Primarily, the points against wind farms have to do with the conservation of wildlife. This is separated into two sections, the first addresses the dangers wind turbines present to birds, the other on the dangers presented to bats.
It is well known that nowadays wind power is one of the fast developing energy sources of the world. Thats why one of the GE’s Energy business maintain a strong focus on building the wind power facility and delivering the technology in its fields and benefiting the advantages of wind power. GE has over 12,000 wind turbine operating in all around world with the countries like USA, Canada, China and Spain.
There is physics involved in these wind turbines as they change wind into mechanical energy and then into electricity. The energy produced depends on the volume of the air, the density, and the wind speed. The mass per unit time is the mass times the density times the wind speed or m = mass, p = density, A = area, and v = wind speed; m = pAV. Because the function of the wind turbine is to transform the wind’s kinetic energy into electricity the equation for kinetic energy is needed; KE = ½ mv2 or kinetic energy equals one half the mass times the velocity squared. Then, using substitution, the power in the wind depends on the density of the air, area swept out by rotors, and the cube of the velocity or ½ pAV3. Using Betz’ law the theoretical energy model for extracting 59% of the energy is power = 16/27(½ pAV3) .
Wind works. Over the past four decades, wind has provided an increasing amount of the energy we use. Today, wind farms generate about 50,000 megawatts of clean, renewable energy -- the equivalent of the energy produced by 12 Hoover Dams.
The purpose of this lab is to see how many blades on a windmill will create the most voltage. Another purpose of this lab is to find out at what blade angle will the windmill create the most voltage. Wind energy has been used for thousands of years because it is a renewable source; therefore, the wind power will never run out. WInd energy had been put into use by 5000 BC ,and simple windmills in China were used for pumping water, and vertical-axis windmills were grinding grain in the Middle East. The new technology of wind energy was taken to the New World in the 19th century for pumping usage and to generate electricity for homes and
In the 1970's, the increase in oil and fossil fuel prices helped wind power return as an economical alternative energy source. Governments all aroun...
Wind Energy is a viable industry that has become a valuable energy source. The energy generated from wind is clean and efficient. The wind energy industry helps to ensure that electric demands are met, wildlife impact is minimal, the environment is not devastated, as well as creates new jobs during the construction of wind farms, daily operations, manufacturing components, and exporting components to foreign countries.
Ever since recorded history, people had the ability to use wind as a source of energy. Wind power was been used to propel boats along rivers as early as 5000 B.C. At 200 B.C., China used windmills to pump water, while in Persia and the Middle East used vertical-axis windmills with woven reed sails were grinding grain. (history-wind-energy, energy.gov) Eventually, discoveries for wind energy became vast. Plethora of ideas developed. During the 11th century, the Middle Easterners used the windmills for food production. Which then allowed nomads, merchants, and crusaders to further bring back the idea back to Europe. The Dutch further improved the windmill by making it for draining lakes and marshes in rivers. Settlers took this advanced technology to the New World, and began using the windmills to pump water for farms and ranches and much more. Then eventually, to generate electricity, for homes and industries and soon to become, wind turbines.
Now-a-days the handling of “Electricity” has been increased rapidly. Due to this the “Fossil Fuels” are getting extinguished day-to-day. So we need to choose for an alternate source of energy that is Renewable Source. Among the Renewable Sources “Wind Energy” is one of them.
The need for alternative energy is a pressing issue for countries all over the world. One of the solutions this for problem is wind power, which has been in use for many thousands years. “About 5000 years ago, the ancient Egyptians used wind to sail ships on the Nile River. Later, people built windmill to grind wheat and other grains. American colonists used windmill to pump water, and cut wood at sawmill. In 1920s, they started to use it to generate electricity.” (Renewable energy trends, 2005).
Previous research shows that health concerns have been discovered related to wind turbines or wind power. Also environmental concerns have been reported about hydropower because it affects aquatic animals and their homes. Science Daily states that “Researchers proposed a study to optimize power generation efficiency and better control of wind farms.” Scientist are trying to create better ways to generated wind power because there is a lot of challenges when it comes to using wind power, such as the wind directions, weather, or even the atmosphere. They found that by changing the directions of the blades of the wind turbine, the power being generated would be affected by increasing the amount of...
Generating electricity with wind turbine is relatively simple. However things are not so simple, when the wind is not blowing at same speed or the same direction all the time. This creates additional problems to be handled by the turbine which requires additional components to overcome these problems. Change in wind speed and direction is measured by an anemometer at the top of the wind turbine; which sends data to a controlled computer in the nacelle. The computer than sends all signals to the control system, which changes the angle of the tack of the turbine blades. This causes the turbine blades to rotate in their axis; this action is known as pit...
Wind is a form of solar energy. The term wind energy describes the process by which the wind is used to generate electricity or mechanical power. Wind turbines convert mechanical energy from the wind into electrical power. Wind turbines usually have three main parts. There are blades that connect to a central hub, a box behind the blades that contains the generator, and a long stem that connects to the ground. The way how it works is that the wind turns the blades, which spins a shaft that connects to a generator making electricity. After the electricity is produced it is sent through transmission lines to a substation that is sent to business and homes. For the sake of our planet, we must promote a renewable energy economy. Wind power can be a foundation of that sustainable energy future because it provides jobs in states that are building wind turbines, is a renewable energy source, and does not damage our environment. The environment will not be damaged by the pollution, the natural resources will not be used up, and there won’t be generating of hazardous wastes. Welcoming wind energy today will lay the foundation for a healthy tomorrow that will affect everyone in the United States. There are obstacles and challenges that will make it more difficult, but the environmental impact is well worth it to invest more money into wind energy.
The wind is an incredibly valuable renewable energy source and is in the forefront of renewable energy developments. It is used to convert wind energy into energy that can be harnessed and used via a variety of methods, including; wind turbines, windmills, sails and windpumps. For a renewable energy source, however, it is wind turbines that are used to generate electricity (see figure 1). Wind power has been used for this since the end of the nineteenth century, after Professor James Blyth of the Royal College of Science and Technology first attempted it (Boyle, 2012). However, It wasn’t until the 1980s that using wind power technology was sufficient enough to experience a rapid growth of the technology.
Deal, W. (n.d.). Wind power: An emerging energy resource.Technology & Engineering Teacher, 70(1), 9-15. Retrieved from http://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?sid=a747d6c4-9f9f-4066-be3e-d7d26a427ef2@sessionmgr115&vid=1&hid=114&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWNvb2tpZSxpcCxjcGlkJmN1c3RpZD1zc2Mmc2l0ZT1laG9zdC1saXZlJnNjb3BlPXNpdGU=