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Democracy in the classical period of Greece
Sparta versus athens comparisons
Sparta versus athens comparisons
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The role of a polis may be compared to a sub-countries or city-state with its own government, military, society, and commerce. Ancient Greece was composed of hundreds of poleis (city-states) across the region. Some of the more known poleis were Athens, Sparta, Corinth, Megara, and Argos. Among the most well known city-states are Athens and Sparta. Although Athens and Sparta are the better known poleis in Greece, these two sovereignties had different philosophies about their military, politics, courts, and commerce. Their differences often resulted in confrontations within the region of Greece. Sparta was known for its military might and social discipline, while Athens was centered around enlightenment and economic prosperity.
These two city-states were in contrast from one another. Politcally, Athens was a democracy while Sparta was a miltary dictatorship. These differences in politics often resulted in military strategies and confrontations similarly observed in modern times. Sparta's army is world renowned for its aspects while Athen's navy was it's
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Unlike national laws to over see state legislation, there seems to be little information about Greece as a nation and its govenment. Instead, Greece was set up with poleis acting as tribes of individual governments. Laws among each polis served its citizens differently. "Sparta’s unique dual kingship came from two separate royal tribes who traced their line back to legendary founders" (Brand, n.d.). Sparta's dual kingship or Oligarchy structure means it was ruled by the few. In contrast, "Athens is seen as the birthplace of democracy - where a large number of the population had a say in state affairs and proceedings" (Knights, 2007). The differences among poleis within Greece were probably vast since the region's city-states were in continuous battle over territory, military power, and
The governments of these two city-states were not alike in many ways. “It is true that our government is called a democracy, because its administration is in the hands, not of the few, but of the many,” (Document 3). Athens’ government was what we would consider today a direct democracy. This means that their government was run by the people, or in other words “the many”, rather than a couple government officials, or “the few”. Although Athens was running their city as a government by the people, Sparta had a different form of government. “it is made up of oligarchy, monarchy, and democracy,
Ancient Greece today is most known for the culture: the gods, the dramas, how people lived. What most people do not realize is that there were hundreds, maybe even thousands, of different civilizations spread throughout Greece that all had different forms of government. The three main ones were Athens, Sparta, and Miletus. Each was very different from the other. The most powerful out of all three was Sparta: a military based society. The Spartan government had a strong foundation that was all torn down by one bad leader.
Athens and Sparta were all very big, successful city-states in the ancient world that conquered many lands and won many battles. Ancient Athens and Ancient Sparta seem similar; they have very different functioning societies. Athens was known for its impressive art and culture while Sparta was a very war-like city-state and their society was completely based on having a great military. The thing they had in common was that social status and the jobs that each rank of society had was very important. The social status was crucial to Sparta and Athens because, without it, both Greek city-states would not be able to function.
Sparta and Athens - Explain and Contrast Both Sparta and Athens were Greek city-states. Sparta was a strict military ruled city-state where the people established themselves as a military power early. However Athens was more of a political city-state that was more involved with their economical stature than their military forces. Still changes from the Persian wars would change the powers of the city-state and somewhat unite them.
The polis emerged out of the scattered villages of early Greece, as a way of building unified states, and centralising government. The establishment of the Greek poleis was a significant political innovation throughout history because it gave rise to new government systems which have become models to the modern state structure. It was characterised by its ability to unite citizens, and through this, resulted in the growth of larger states such as Athens and Spart. Within the poleis there were constitutions, which were developed in conjunction with the purpose to achieve a unified system of government for each state. In addition, this new form of government allowed for citizens to greater participate in political and social matters, which had not been the case in previous ruling powers. Thus, both the development of the constitution and the introduction of a new political structure have both influenced and changed the nature of the state.
Sparta contained a four branch government system that was considered among the most unique in all of Greece. Unlike the democracy of Athens, Sparta was based on an oligarchy structure. The diarchy, which consisted of two kings, was the first division of this government. These figures held little influence over the state and served more as a symbol of royal heritage (Kennell 83). The second branch was the Gerousia council which acted as an advising body and hel...
Athens and Sparta were both city-states in Classical Greece. While Athens embraced democracy, Sparta was a dictatorial fierce warrior state. Sparta was a militaristic community, Athens was a freethinking, and commerce minded city-state. Modern societies have modeled their government organizational structure and military discipline practices from lessons learned of these ancient city-states. There is much is to be praised regarding Classical Greece for their courage, their progressive thinking and the birth of democracy. However, I think it is important to remember that in both cases, Athens and Sparta were able to sustain their lifestyle on the backs of countless slaves, non-citizens and women and that there is a darker and less romantic side to the past.
Athens was a city-state in Greece, this was the place where democracy was born. Athens was the symbol and measuring stick for Greece during its empire, people will admire this well put together city-state for all of its accomplishments. Sparta on the other hand, was more isolated and was known for their military expertise, these people were wanted as an ally during a war because of their military. Athens would be better place to live in than Sparta, for many reasons like, the economy in Athens was greater than Sparta's economy and Athens was more social and more liked because of that. Another reason, is because Spartans would be born for the state's use of war and providing more troops.
The reasons why they had such a good military was: 1). They spent all their time training, and 2). They disciplined their youth. Youth in Sparta grew up learning about order and discipline, as it was lawful for a father to beat his child. The second reason why Sparta is superior is equality.
Athens was a much more superior polis compared to Sparta because the Athenians invented new ideas and creations that supported the people, such as democracy, the Athenians led the Delian League, and Sparta created the Peloponnesian League after the Athenians created their alliance, and the Athenians changed the ways of their government many times to suit the people, and the Spartans did not.
Prior to the adoption of democracy in Athens, wealthy aristocrats owned land and controlled the government and there was little opportunity for poor land owners. Solon laid the groundwork for democracy, but even under democratic rule, there was the sense in Athens that the aristocracy should have more influence and wealthier individuals had access to different levels of participation in government (Brand, n.d.). Oligarchy is rule by a small or exclusive group selected based on some agreed upon criteria, and this might have been one of the more common forms of government in ancient Greek city states. It shares characteristics to Aristocracy in that a small group controls the many but does not rely on just one individual as is true of monarchy or tyranny. Sparta has elements of an oligarchy, paired with its two kings.
Both Athens and Sparta were both Greek imperial power during the time. Athens was known to be elegant and had a great love for arts, architecture and literature. Athens had the strongest navy. Athenians were polar opposites of Spartans. Sparta unlike Athens was known to be rugged and had a very strong and powerful military.
The ancient Greece was divided among several hundreds of city-states called “Poleis”. Within this poleis, Athens and Sparta were the most powerful, significant, largest and significant states.
At that time Spartan citizens were no more than 6,000, and ‘periokoi’, and ‘helots’ were more than 300,000. So we can argue about Athens Democracy, and define it as an extended Oligarchy, mainly due to the fact that few people decide the fate of many.
Ancient Greece has had many political systems throughout its history; they have ranged from monarchies, tyranny, oligarchy, and democracy forms of governments. We will walk through a few examples of Greek history to compare and contrast some of the most popular city-states and their forms of government inline with the four political systems previously stated. The most famous monarchy in Greek history would have to be The Spartan city-state. It was famous for having a two-king tiered system. It also shared similarities of a democracy with a state assembly.