Why Are women Paid Less than Men? The Gender Gap

2. Clinton, Catherine. The Columbia Guide to American Women in the Nineteenth Century (Columbia University Press, 2000). 3. Flexner, Eleanor.

Wolfson, Alice, J. (1996). “Clenched Fist, Open Heart.” The Feminist Memoir Project. ed. DuPlessis, Rachel, & Snitow, Ann.

As the fight for suffrage concluded, the country’s women contended against the patriarchal system and internal conflict of the movement until they won the battle with the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. During the late 19th and early 20th century, working-class women in the United States fought for their rights as humans during the fight for suffrage as they persevered against injustices of sex, class, and ethnicity, despite their overshadowed contributions. In 1848, the convention in Seneca Falls, New York produced the “Declaration of Sentiments” in the name of American women, which was brought about by Elizabeth Stanton and Lucretia Mott. Across the nation, groups came together holding conventions in direct reaction to the convention held at Seneca Falls, in addition to the consequential birth of women’s rights organizations. In 1851 at a convention in Ohio, Sojourner Truth, former slave and activist, gave her famous speech requesting that “if woman upset the world, do give her a chance to set it right side up again.” Just as Truth labored for women’s su... ... middle of paper ... ...edited by Linda K. Kerber, Jane Sherron de Hart, and Cornelia Hughes Dayton, 269-271.

December 8, 2001. http://www.cnr.edu/home/bmcmanus/femcharacteristics.html. Showalter, Elaine. The Female Malady: Women, Madness, and English Culture, 1830-1980. New York, NY: Pantheon Books, November 1985. Ward, Jennifer A.

Nonetheless, through the feminist movements, women were able to get some equal rights to men, and are still struggling to get the rights most men take for granted. According to Butler, the struggle became even harder for women with color especially, while dealing with racism and sexism (102). In order to fight and achieve these rights, and fight patriarchy, feminism as well as feminist theory was born. However, the history of feminism has many possible origins, but the most plausible explanation of its origin is the desire for reform in women’s lives. Feminism is a theory or philosophy whereby women are to be equal economically, socially, and politically to men.

New York: Hastings House Publishers, 1973. Crawford, Deborah. Four Women in a Violent Time. New York: Crown Publishers, 1970. Evans, Sara M. Born for Liberty – A History of Women in America.

Murray, Janet Horowitz. Strong-minded women: and other lost voices from nineteenth-century England. New York: Pantheon Books, 1982. Nochlin, Linda. Representing women.

Retrieved July 25, 2010 from http://womensissues.about.com/od/intheworkplace/a/WomenLeaders.htm Rosener, J. (1995).Ways Women Lead. In T. Wren, The leader's companion (pp. 161-167) New York: The Free Press. Schein, V.(1995).Would Women Lead Differently?

Women’s suffrage is the movement for women to obtain the right to vote. Alice Paul played a substantial role in this movement. She was involved in British suffrage, which helped her work towards American gender equality. Her campaign for suffrage was very forward in its militant methods. Even though Alice Paul didn’t support all women's rights, just legal ones, her impact on women’s suffrage was notable because of the organizations she founded, and her pushing for the 19th amendment to be passed(Hartmann).

Opponents argued th... ... middle of paper ... ... “75 Suffragists.” Women’s Studies. (29 October 2003). Berkeley, Kathleen C. The Women’s Liberation Movement in America. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1999. Frankel, Voralee and Nancy Schrom Dye.