What´s Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder?
analytical Essay
846 words
What is PTSD? Post-Traumatic Stress Di-sorder is a syndrome exp-erienced by many veter-ans, and is a priority of a plethora of psychological researchers. The Diag-nostic and Statistical Man-ual of Mental disorders lis-ts eight criterion for this widespread mental dis-ease, including a stressor, meddling symptoms, ev-asion, amendments in provocation and react-ivity, and a duration of symptoms for more than a month. PTSD is often characterized by disrupt-ions in sleep patterns, with the traumatic event fre-quently popping up in the veterans’ nightmares. PTSD has proven to be unpredictable, and there remain many ambiguous aspects to the disorder. It is thought that perhaps PTSD doesn’t even require experiencing a traumatic event. However, many psych-ologists estimate that the number of PTSD diag-noses has become too large, and that the diag-nosis of PTSD has become too generalized. Over-diagnosis of PTSD According to a veteran, anxiety and depression are often misdiagnosed as PTSD. Since the Vietnam War, the occurrence and diagnosis of PTSD has skyrocketed. After a sev-ere reduction in the rate of PTSD in veterans where poorly documented PTSD cases were culled from the collection, Bruce P. Dohr-enwend of Columbia found a 13% reduction in the lifetime rate of PTSD; in a continuation of Dohr-enwend’s work, McNally concluded that a majority of PTSD patients were fit to live in everyday life, re-ducing the lifetime rate of PTSD by another 7% (Dobbs 2). In addition, many veterans have been known to be over- or under-reporting their PTSD symptoms, making the accurate diagnosis even more trouble-some. Because the diagnosis of Post-Traumatic Stress disorder is difficult, many researchers are working on new methods of diag-nosing PTSD more ac... ... middle of paper ... ...Danish soldiers in the study showed no signs of PTSD, another large group of tested soldiers only showed short-term symptoms of PTSD. A plethora of soldiers exper-iencing severe PTSD symptoms only exper-ienced these symptoms after returning home, not after a specific traumatic event occurred on the field. In this respect, PTSD proves ambiguous. Though the DSM includes a criterion requiring the experience of a traumatic event, PTSD can be found in many forms, and is yet to be fully understood. Connection to Childhood Rosen’s study, focused on the root cause of PTSD, showed that stress (major anxiety or nightmares) shown by soldiers before sent into deployment lessened or deliquesced in 13% of soldiers (Herbert 2). Additionally, those that did develop severe PTSD had suffered emotional problems prior to deploy-ment—especially child-hood abuse or exposure to violence.
In this essay, the author
- Explains rosen's study, focused on the root cause of ptsd, showed that stress (major anxiety or nightmares) shown by soldiers before deployment lessened or deliquesced in 13% of soldiers.
- Explains that post-traumatic stress disorder is a priority of psychological researchers. ptsd is often characterized by disruptions in sleep patterns and ambiguous aspects.
- Explains that anxiety and depression are often misdiagnosed as ptsd. since the vietnam war, the occurrence and diagnosis has skyrocketed.
- Explains that a magnetoenceph-elography (meg) could be the first of its kind to purvey biological evidence of ptsd in patients.
- Analyzes how rosen's study uncovered a hidden truth behind ptsd. though the dsm requires the experience of traumatic events, it can be found in many forms and is yet to be fully understood.
Related
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- explanatory
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- Impact Of Trauma And PTSDcomparative essayThe diagnosis of Post –Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) involves clusters of symptoms. They include persistent re-experiencing of the trauma, avoidance of traumatic reminders/ general numbing of emotional responsiveness, and hyper-arousal (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). In order for the possible diagnosis of PTSD the individual needs to have exposed to a
In this essay, the author
- Explains the variety and complexity of children's reactions to traumatic events and how reactions unfold over time.
- Describes the benefits of evidence-based treatment for children and families and explains which type of treatment is optimal for different individuals or groups.
- Explains that hamblem and barnet (2014) discussed events that can cause ptsd in children, including sexual abuse or violence, physical abuse, and witnessing violence.
- Explains that there are two types of trauma that lead to ptsd symptoms among young people.
- Concludes that ptsd is increasingly recognized to be a prevalent and disabling disorder in children and adolescents and there are some advances in learning to recognize the risk factors and pathogenesis.
1016 wordsRead More - Diagnosis and Treatment of Post Traumatic Stress Disorderexplanatory essayPost-Traumatic Stress Disorder, also known as PTSD, is an anxiety disorder that can develop after a traumatic event (Riley). A more in depth definition of the disorder is given by Doctor’s Nancy Piotrowski and Lillian Range, “A maladaptive condition resulting from exposure to events beyond the realm of normal human experience and characterized by persistent difficulties involving emotional numbing, intense fear, helplessness, horror, re-experiencing of trauma, avoidance, and arousal.” People who suffer from this disease have been a part of or seen an upsetting event that haunts them after the event, and sometimes the rest of their lives. There are nicknames for this disorder such as “shell shock”, “combat neurosis”, and “battle fatigue” (Piotrowski and Range). “Battle fatigue” and “combat neurosis” refer to soldiers who have been overseas and seen disturbing scenes that cause them anxiety they will continue to have when they remember their time spent in war. It is common for a lot of soldiers to be diagnosed with PTSD when returning from battle. Throughout the history of wars American soldiers have been involved in, each war had a different nickname for what is now PTSD (Pitman et al. 769). At first, PTSD was recognized and diagnosed as a personality disorder until after the Vietnam Veterans brought more attention to the disorder, and in 1980 it became a recognized anxiety disorder (Piotrowski and Range). There is not one lone cause of PTSD, and symptoms can vary from hallucinations to detachment of friends and family, making a diagnosis more difficult than normal. To treat and in hopes to prevent those who have this disorder, the doctor may suggest different types of therapy and also prescribe medication to help subside the sympt...
In this essay, the author
- Describes post-traumatic stress disorder as an anxiety disorder that can develop after a traumatic event.
- Explains that ptsd can be caused by any type of event, such as war, rape, domestic abuse, natural disasters, death, and many other emotionally exhausting events.
- Explains that re-experiencing and avoidance of objects bring back memories of the trauma. ptsd may also show internal effects, including depression, anxiety, and relationship problems, as well as physical comprising of alcohol and drug abuse.
- Explains that ptsd can be diagnosed one month after exposure to a traumatic event.
- Explains that treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder may include cognitive-behavior therapy, exposure therapy and group and individual therapy.
- Explains that research has been done to determine which mechanisms of the brain are affected and connected to post-traumatic stress disorder using neuroimaging.
1181 wordsRead More - In the course of military history, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and war often go hand in hand. Having said that, the symptoms of PTSD were not always listed under that name. The first reoccurrences of PTSD were in the Civil War and was named under “soldier’s heart” or even “insanity” because the symptoms, at the time, were unfamiliar. In World War I and World War II, the symptoms of PTSD were listed under “shellshock” and “combat fatigue” after little research concluded that the symptoms were combat related (“PTSD: Not A New Ailment”). The symptoms of PTSD are generally clustered into categories: re-experiencing of trauma, dysphoria, anhedonia, and avoidance (Bulkeley, “Mental Ills Rise”). PTSD is complex because the symptoms oftentimes fall under other disorders including but not limited to : depression and generalized anxiety (Erbes, 187-189). PTSD is a psychological Improvised Explosive Device that takes root in the mind of a veteran and potentially affects all aspects of a veteran’s life. As countless research has been conducted, veterans, particularly, Iraq veterans, have received better treatment than Vietnam veterans and the procedure to treat...
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how a soldier returns home from deployment and attempts to go back to civilian living after spending months defusing ieds. he experiences reoccurring flashbacks about the war.
- Explains that post traumatic stress disorder is a psychological improvised explosive device that takes root in the mind of veterans and potentially affects all aspects of their life.
- Explains that ptsd was not featured in the diagnostic statistical manual until 1980, a few years after vietnam war.
- Analyzes how tim o'brien's acclaimed book, the things we carried, chronicles how ptsd affects soldiers and how it begins to develop.
- Analyzes how hugh martin documents his personal experience of the iraq war and how that affected him in a short poem collection, stick soldiers.
- Explains that vietnam and iraq veterans who suffer from ptsd draw a relationship because there are similarities and differences that bring awareness to the mental disorder.
- Explains that cromie, w. (n.d.), mental casualties of vietnam war persist.
- Compares how vietnam soldiers were diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder, while iraq soldiers had to undergo a psychiatric exam before retuning home to ensure they did not develop early symptoms of ptsd.
- Explains that vietnam and iraq soldiers had different experiences, but their experience draws a strong correlation that attributes to their ptsd.
2044 wordsRead More - Treatment Programs for Post Tramautic Stress Disorderexplanatory essayAccording to the U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can occur after one has been through a trauma which is a shocking and scary event that about 6 of every 10 (or 60%) of men and 5 of every 10 (or 50%) of women experience at least once in their lifetime. When going through some type of trauma, this does not mean that a person will develop PTSD because over half of the population experiences some type of trauma. It is important to understand that the effects of combat stress injuries are individualized, and many combat veterans will not experience PTSD (Pryce, Pryce, & Shackelford, 2012). A significant portion of war fighters do. This condition is considered acute if the symptoms last fewer than three mo...
In this essay, the author
- Explains that posttraumatic stress disorder is the persistent re-experiencing of a traumatic event via distressing intrusive thoughts, dreams, and replaying of the events. individuals who understand war are the ones who have experienced it.
- Explains that posttraumatic stress disorder can occur after one has been through a trauma. the effects of combat stress injuries are individualized, and many combat veterans will not experience ptsd.
- Explains that eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (emdr) incorporates elements of exposure therapy with eye movements or other forms of rhythmic, left-right stimulation.
- Explains that prolonged exposure (pe) is the most extensively studied psychotherapy for ptsd and is effective in reducing symptoms of depression, anger, and anxiety in trauma survivors.
- Explains the importance of family support for military personnel and war veterans. ptsd can put a strain on family and friend relationships because they experience issues such as sympathy, negative feelings, avoidance, depression, anger, and guilt.
- Explains that ptsd is a risk factor for suicide, and the number of warriors with it has increased exponentially as the war has passed.
- Opines that the best bet for recovery for individuals with ptsd is evidence-based treatment because it is known to work.
- Explains the 2005 department of defense survey of health related behaviors among active duty military personnel: a component of the defense lifestyle assessment program (dlap).
- Explains foa, hembree, and rothbaum, prolonged exposure therapy for ptsd.
- Opines that pryce, j. g., d.h. and schackelford, k.k. (2012), the costs of courage: combat stress.
- Explains that the department of defense task force on mental health is based in falls church, va.
1476 wordsRead More - Post Traumatic Stress Disorder In The Novel 'Mulberry'analytical essayFrom “exhaustion” during the Napoleonic war to “shell shock” during World War I, and “combat fatigue” during World War II (PTSD:A cultural 30). However, the name Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) has only been formally introduced into the third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM-III) in 1980 (Andreasen 67). Some psychologists argue that the inclusion of PTSD in the DSM-III legitimated this psychological disorder although many argue that it was merely a relabeling of what had already been described as “shell shock,” “combat trauma” or “combat fatigue” ( 67). Nevertheless, the question is, has PTSD always existed? Was the symptoms Mr. Culpepper, a veteran of World War II, exhibited a
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how paulette boudreaux shows how children as innocent as maddy and her brothers were affected by a vicious circle where their ptsd victim father abused and neglected them when they needed him.
- Argues that the inclusion of ptsd in the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder (dsm-iii) in 1980 legitimized this psychological disorder.
- Defines post-traumatic stress disorder (ptsd) as an anxiety disorder that can occur following the experience or witnessing of a traumatic event.
- Analyzes how post traumatic stress disorder (ptsd) causes intense anxiety, intrusive memories, and nightmarish flashbacks that interfere with the patient's daily life.
- Analyzes how the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder can strike the individual at any time, most commonly when he or she is reminded of the event that caused the disease.
- Explains that ptsd can be divided into three general categories: re-experiencing, avoiding experiences, and hyperarousal. alcoholism falls into the category of avoidance symptoms, as the individual may use the alcohol to numb their pain or gain some measure of control in their life.
- Explains that when alcohol is used to manage ptsd symptoms, the symptoms of the disorder become more severe. culpepper failed to understand that alcohol cannot change the underlying past nor erase the pain.
- Analyzes how alcohol, as a central nervous system depressant, can worsen depression and anxiety and interfere with normal everyday activities. mr. culpepper was drunk and involved in an altercation with one of the party attendee.
- Opines that maddy and her brothers are mistreated and living a life full of suffering.
1589 wordsRead More - Causes and Symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorderexplanatory essayThere are many different causes of PTSD such as sexual abuse, sudden death of a loved one, and war. Trauma affects people in different ways, some can develop it from watching a fellow soldier being killed, and some can develop it from losing their jobs or a divorce. Being diagnosed with PTSD is a difficult process because there are many other psychological disorders whose symptoms can overlap and are very similar. An important fact to remember is that PTSD doesn’t just affect the person suffering; it can also have secondhand effects on their spouses, children, parents, friends, co-workers, and other loved ones. Although there is no direct cure, there are many treatment and alternative treatment options to assist them in moving forward after a trauma.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that there are many different causes of ptsd, such as sexual abuse, sudden death, and war.
- Explains that there are many different traumatizing life altering events that may cause ptsd.
- Explains that ptsd is a debilitating mental illness that occurs when someone is exposed to traumatic, dangerous, frightening, or potentially life-threatening occurrences.
- Explains that ptsd causes many symptoms that are summed up into three categories: re-experiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal. eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (emdr) has been proven effective for treating trauma.
- Opines that mental illness is not to be taken lightly, it is a serious matter, and people need genuine help without worrying about repercussions.
943 wordsRead More - Women Dealing with Posttraumatic Stress Disorderanalytical essayMunsun, C., Mecduneld, A., Vurstinbusch, V., Shneodir, P., Guldstion, E., Firroir-Aairbech, A., & Muccoule, K. (2012). Chengis on sucoel edjastmint woth cugnotovi prucissong thirepy: ifficts uf trietmint end essucoetoun woth PTSD symptum chengi. Juarnel uf Treametoc Striss, 25(5), 519-526.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the article is based on a study comparing the ethnic differences in posttraumatic stress disorder (ptsd) among non-hispanic whites, african american, and hispanic women.
- Presents an overview of the significant cost of health care for returning us military personnel diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (ptsd).
- Explains monson, macdonald, vorstenbosch, shnaider, goldstein, ferrier-auerbach, and mocciola, k. changes in social adjustment with cognitive processing therapy: effects of treatment and association with ptsd
- Analyzes the changes, and adjustments of participants in a trial test of cognitive processing therapy (cpt) approach that supports veterans diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (ptsd).
- Explains that social workers are well-educated to help victims of domestic violence, substance abuse, and the deployment of both male and females.
- Explains the role of coping, resilience, and social support in mediating the relationship between ptsd and social functioning in veterans returning from iraq and afghanistan.
- Explains how posttraumatic stress disorder (ptsd) is connected to the traumatic events encountered by different wars such as iraq and afghanistan.
- Cites baca, castillo, qualls, and ruday, j. p., satterwhite, l. f. (2009), the financial impact of post-traumatic stress disorder on returning us military personnel
650 wordsRead More - What Is PTSD?comparative essayPost-traumatic Stress Disorder, also known as PTSD, is a mental disorder that can occur after a person has gone through a traumatic event (National). Traumatic event refers to something that is disturbing or shocking that an individual has seen, heard about, or has personally gone through. About 7.7 millions adults are affected by PTSD (NIH). Symptoms of the disorder will begin within 3 months of the traumatic event and in some rare cases might not show up until years later. PTSD is grouped in to 3 general groups; intrusive memories, avoidance and numbing, and increased anxiety or emotion arousal (Mayo). Intrusive memories include symptoms such as flashbacks, which could last for minutes or even days, or upsetting dreams about the traumatic event. Avoidance and emotional numbing may include trying to avoid talking about the event, avoiding activities you once enjoyed, memory problems, and maintaining close relationships. Symptoms of anxiety and increased arousal could include irritability or anger, overwhelming guilt or shame, being easily startled or frightened, and hearing or seeing things that aren’t there. A lot of events could cause a person to get PTSD but some examples are: combat exposure, child or adult sexual or physical abuse, terrorist attack, automobile accidents, or natural disasters (National). Symptoms of PTSD come and go. There can be certain situations, noises people that cause you to experience symptoms.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that post-traumatic stress disorder, also known as ptsd, can occur after a traumatic event. symptoms begin within 3 months of the event and may not show up until years later.
- Explains that there are different types of treatment for ptsd, including psychotherapy, medication, individual and group therapy, and family therapy.
- Recommends taking care of yourself, eating right, exercising, getting enough sleep, being strong enough not to self-medicate, and having supportive family and friends in your life.
- Explains that 5.5 million children are involved in abuse cases that could lead to ptsd.
- States that recent wars are bringing more awareness of ptsd to citizens. getting shot at, seeing your buddies killed, or witnessing death up close are all things that can lead to the disorder.
1468 wordsRead More - Military: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorderexplanatory essayMilitary PTSD: Reasons and Methods Used to Help Troops Cope For the past decade, the United States of America has been a participant in an ongoing war, sending military troops for combat in many areas throughout the globe. Due to the ongoing events overseas, troops are subject to serve multiple tours, forcing some to return to combat shortly after their arrival back to the United States. After arriving home from their served tours, military troops often find themselves in a constant battle with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Post-Traumatic Stress disorder (PTSD), is an anxiety disorder resulting from a life threatening traumatic event.
In this essay, the author
- Explains the purpose of this study, which is to identify the reasons troops suffer from ptsd and the methods the military, va, and community-based treatment facilities are using to diminish the effects.
- Explains the purpose of this study, which is to identify the reasons troops suffer from ptsd and the methods the military, va, and community-based treatment facilities are using to diminish the effects.
- Describes cesur, sabia, j.j., tekin, e. the psychological costs of war: military combat and summary
- Explains sharpless, b. a., and barber, j. p. (2011), a clinician's guide to ptsd treatments for returning.
- Explains that military troops suffer from ptsd due to traumatic exposure during combat and sexual assault.
- Explains that the military, va, and community-based treatment facilities are using psychopharmacology and psychotherapy to help troops with ptsd.
1335 wordsRead More - The Far-Reaching Effects of PTSDexplanatory essayA compelling quote by writer Jose Narosky is, "In war, there are no unwounded soldiers". Not all soldiers return from war with noticeable wounds or visible scars although they do return with injuries that are not evident to the naked eye. Wounded soldiers often endure distressing emotional injuries. These injuries may lead to an illness known as post-traumatic stress disorder, also known as PTSD. However, soldiers are not the only victims of this tragic condition; anyone who has experienced a traumatic event is at risk. While victims of PTSD suffer from it for different reasons, they all have one thing in common; the invisible wounds from these traumatic events. Research is proving that PTSD, which originally was considered just a "thought" disorder, is actually more (Lain.).In addition to the psychological symptoms, PTSD affects the brain and the internal body's health as well (Lain). All of the research not only allows for a better understanding of the causes, symptoms and treatments of PTSD, but also disperses myths associated with the disorder (Lain).
In this essay, the author
- Explains narosky's quote, "in war, there are no unwounded soldiers" and opines that ptsd affects the brain and internal body.
- Explains that post-traumatic stress disorder is a devastating diagnosis. 5.2 million adults in the united states have ptsd.
- Explains that symptoms of ptsd usually manifest shortly after traumatic events, but this can vary. some people may experience symptoms and not come forward due to the myths that surround it.
- Explains that ptsd victims are subjected to nightmares and flashbacks where they have to relive their memories repeatedly. mike a.'s story is not uncommon among soldiers of war.
- Explains that just experiencing traumatic events does not automatically determine a diagnosis of ptsd. researchers and health care professionals are trying to determine why some people experience and others who have experienced similar situations do not.
- Explains that there are many "risk factors" that make some people more susceptible to ptsd, such as childhood experiences, personality, and gender differences.
- Explains that it is crucial to understand the biological and genetic factors involved in ptsd.
- Explains that research has proven that inherited genes play an essential role in developing ptsd. the study examined the hippocampi of forty pairs of identical twins.
- Explains that a damaged hippocampus impairs people's ability to retain short-term memory, causing them to keep their guard up.
- Explains that an overactive amygdala might be a risk factor for developing ptsd. a study from duke and durham va medical center showed correlations between mri scans to look at the volume of the amma in two hundred veterans.
- Explains that low levels of cortisol may cause the brain to be unable to respond efficiently to stress which may contribute to the symptoms ptsd sufferers experience.
- Explains how genetic and biological factors affect the brain of ptsd sufferers, as well as the body's physical health.
- Explains that the most significant physical risk associated with ptsd is suicide. suicide among veterans occurred at the rate of approximately one every sixty-five minutes.
- Explains that ptsd sufferers need immediate help and ignore the myth that treatment does not work. cognitive behavioral therapy helps patients face their fears by revisiting trauma through images and writings.
- Explains that anti-depressants such as serotonin reuptake inhibitors, antiadrenergic agents, and benzodiazepines have proven to be successful in the management of ptsd.
- Opines that society will be able to recognize that emotional injuries carry a real wound. there will always be moronic people who encourage the myths that ptsd sufferers are weak or "crazy."
2204 wordsRead More