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Thesis on loneliness
Thesis on loneliness
Literary analysis essay about loneliness
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When one is going through a difficult moment of their life, they will often seek the support of their family. In some pitiful cases, however, their family is unwilling to help them. Edith Wharton’s novel Ethan Frome, describes such an unfortunate situation. Mattie Silver was brought into the Frome residence after the death of her parents to assist Zeena, who reluctantly accepted her. She did not appreciate Mattie’s efforts but her husband Ethan, unsatisfied with their marriage, viewed Mattie as a symbol of hope. Her cheerful presence delighted him. Whenever she faced a troubling situation, Mattie felt that she could trust Ethan to protect and care for her well-being. For instance, she knew that Ethan was reliable and would not jeopardize …show more content…
She was left alone with no relatives willing to guide her and fifty dollars from selling her piano. “When she tried to extend the field of her activities in the direction of stenography and book-keeping her health broke down, and six months on her feet behind the counter of a department store did not tend to restore it,” Ethan recounted (31). When she arrived at Starkfield, however, “[t]he pure air, and the long summer hours in the open, gave back life and elasticity to Mattie [. . .]. ” (32) Once Zeena returned from Bettsbridge she stated that her Aunt Martha had found her a hired girl which would force Mattie to find a new job. Even though Zeena was aware that Mattie had no other relatives willing to help her, she did not hesitate to send her away. When Mattie explained to Ethan how she planned to work in a store again, he said, “‘You know you can’t do it. The bad air and the standing all day nearly killed you before. [. . .] And now you’re going to throw away all the good [Starkfield’s] done you!’” (85). He continued saying, “‘You know there’s nothing I wouldn’t do for you if I could,’” to which Mattie responded, “‘I know there isn’t”’ (86). She directly stated that she realized how much Ethan was willing to take care of her physical and mental well-being. This is further shown when she told him, “Ethan, where’ll I go if I leave you? I don’t know how to get along alone. You said so yourself just now. Nobody but you was ever good to me’” (90). She was unable to survive on her own without Ethan’s hospitality. Mattie knew that Ethan genuinely wanted to provide her with financial and emotional support when her closest relatives did
...tie so sweet and kindhearted, was for the readers to feel sympathy for Ethan, who is in a lifelong commitment with Zeena. Wharton made the ending, when Zeena and Mattie became one, ironic, through the use of juxtaposition and creating characters with significant differences between them. Wharton possessing the skill of juxtaposition added depth and irony to the book, but when the reader realizes her underlying purpose, Ethan Frome and Mattie Silver no longer deserve the sympathy they received all book. Zeena, throughout the book, was looked at too harshly, not realizing the underlying reasons for her ugliness and depression, and deserves the readers sympathy. This book expresses many insightful accounts of the life of Ethan Frome, but it?s the ideas Wharton doesn?t mention, and the secrets she withheld from the reader that effects one?s perceptive on the characters.
Ethan Frome, a novella written by Edith Wharton, communicates a story of Ethan and his life living with his ill wife, Zeena, when a new lover comes into his home. Ethan and Zeena live in a place called Starkfield, a cold and lonely location situated in the New England area. Mattie comes into Ethan’s life to help her cousin, Zeena, around the house as her sickness has obstructed her ability to do housework. This causes problems for Ethan because he starts to fall in love with Mattie as she stays with the Fromes. The isolation of Starkfield prevents Ethan from living his life the way he wanted to. That causes Ethan to abandon his dreams of college and moving away from Starkfield. Ethan becomes hindered by the isolation of Starkfield because of
...ss for yourself because in the end, one will regret it. Ethan’s morals prevent him from leaving Starkfield to pursue and achieve his dreams. He cannot baffle the traditions of his town. After Zeena tries to "foist on him the cost of a servant", forcing Ethan to let go of Mattie, he chooses to “leave with Mattie”. However, he cannot go through with the plan because he cannot bear to leave Zeena alone with her sickness. He knows she would not be able to take care of herself and cannot afford her own medicine. It is inappropriate to leave his wife in this bad condition. Therefore Ethan chooses to live an unhappy life instead of deceive his family and friends. Wharton portrays that by following society’s standards they will lose their hope and end up living in misery. Ethan chose to embark the obstacles and in the end it ruined him to a life of unhappiness and failure.
Zeena is known by everyone in town. Not only is Zeena known by everyone, her illnesses are known by everyone also. Mr. Hale once said “I don’t know anybody round here’s had more sickness then Zeena” (Wharton 78) Most of Zeena’s time is spent searching for cures, doctors, and procedures which will relieve her imagined sicknesses. Zeena was proposed too by Ethan after she had offered to nurse his sick mother back to health. Ethan enjoyed having the company of another person and felt that he was obligated to marry to Zeena because of her help. As time went on Zeena also became sick with multiple unrelated sicknesses. Zeena required someone to look after her so Mattie Silver, her cousin, came to take care of her. Ethan and Mattie had an obvious attraction towards each other that they try to keep a secret. Zeena is instantly aware of it, and tries to destroy Ethan and Mattie’s relationship. Even before Mattie came into Ethan and Zeena’s lives, there was minimal interaction between Zeena and Ethan. Ethan seemed to be repelled away from Zeena as she always put him down, and bossing him around (Wharton 93).
Mattie and Zeena, the two leading women characters in this novel have many differences that set them apart from each other, but also similarities that grab the reader’s interest. When they both entered Ethan’s life, they were a breath of fresh air that broke the silence in Ethan’s life. However, the crisp air that Mattie brought was prolonged and when Ethan began falling into a pit of silence again, she was there to get him to speak his mind and let out his emotions. She tried to have a positive outlook on life and to try new things to benefit her and others around her. Mattie was more outgoing and spontaneous opposed to Zeena. While Mattie was out and about in the town, Zeena was home all day. Zeena was bitter and controlling towards Ethan and everyone else in her life. Regardless, they were both willing to help when push came to shove. "Zeena 's done for Mattie, and done for Ethan, as good as she could. It was a miracle, considering how sick she was – but she seemed to be raised right up just when the call came to her. Not as she 's ever given up doctoring, and she 's had sick spells right along; but she 's had the strength given her to care for those two for over twenty years, and before the accident came she thought she couldn 't even care for herself” (Wharton 23). So despite of Zeena being cruel and pessimistic most of the time, she was willing to return the favor of kindness and
Although when we are young, we commonly find ourselves gravitating to books with predictable endings that leave the protagonist and us with what we want, as we mature we develop a hunger for different, more thoughtful or realistic solutions. This is not to say, however, that we can be satisfied solely through the reading of any story that concludes with mere tragedy. The reason why the book Ethan Frome is so widely read is because there is a great deal of technique behind the element of mere tragedy. Edith Wharton is able to distinguish her novel through the use of irony. Irony has been the defining element of many great pieces of literature throughout time. The use of irony dates back all the way to ancient Greece when it was used by Sophocles in the play Oedipus Rex. Irony was also a key element in many of Shakespeare's works and appears in many famous short stories. In Ethan Frome, Ethan ends up falling in love with Mattie who at the time seems young and effervescent in comparison to his sickly, deteriorating wife. In attempting to free himself and Mattie from his commitment to Zeena, Ethan ends up causing Mattie to become paralyzed, taking with it her previous, lively characteristics. All the household responsibilities then fall into the hands of Zeena who is ultimately the most vivacious of the three.
Ethan wants to pursue college but, his mother gets sick and dies. Ethan’s mother is oppressed by an illness that causes her to wither mentally and physically. Her illness intensifies for several years leaving only the farm to Ethan. After Ethan’s mother had died, Ethan then proceeds to marry Zeena.
“No, he didn’t. For I’d ‘a’ been ashamed to tell him that you grudged me the money to get back my health, when I lost it nursing your own mother” (Wharton 46). This section of the book fixed my perception of Zeena. As I began reading, I thought Zeena was simply an ill wife, with her hard-working husband. While Ethan battled his feelings for Mattie, I was angry.
stopped long ago yet it was not. I don't think anyone in the novel is
Another reason why the three main characters are emotionally dead is they do not communicate with other people. Mrs. Ned Hale, when remarking on the fact that the narrator had stayed in Ethan's house said, "I don't believe but what you're the only stranger has set foot in that house for over twenty years." All living people communicate with others regularly. Not only did the main characters act like living dead, they looked liked living dead. Edith Wharton describes Zeena:
For Ethan, his poverty has seriously restricted any chance of him getting out of Starkfield and living a better life. In an attempt to pursue his dreams of becoming an engineer in a big city, Ethan tries to sell his farmhouse but says that “purchasers were slow in coming” (pp. 53). Although there is a limited amount of purchasers, Wharton later infers that even if Ethan sold the farmhouse, it would belong to the bank since Ethan is so poor. Not only is Ethan exceptionally poor, but so is Mattie Silver, Zeena’s cousin and Ethan’s mistress. Mattie’s history before she came to live with Ethan and Zeena is quite sad and shows that her life is also overtly predetermined since the moment both her parents died. Left with only fifty (50) dollars from the selling of a piano and a bad reputation given to her by her father, Mattie attempts to work as a stenographer and bookkeeper but, “her health broke down, and six months on her feet behind the counter of a department store did not tend to restore it” (pp. 44). With this, Mattie is in a way forced to move to Ethan and Zeena’s house to help them care for the house. After Zeena states that Mattie needs to leave the Frome household, Ethan is terrified with the thought that Mattie would move far away and have to become a prostitute in order to sustain herself since, she cannot work in a job that requires too much physical work. Becoming a
From Ethan’s point of view and adulterous mindset, Zeena is bound to be deemed irritating and a burden. The narrator of this story sides with Ethan, telling the story from Ethan’s perspective. The narrator explains,
He is physically isolated from the world and is also cut off from the possibility of any relationship. Due to his new situation, he looks for an outlet in order to relieve himself from this isolation. Luckily enough for him, Mattie comes around in order to help Zeena out due to her illness. Wharton writes, “...the coming to his house of a bit hopeful young life was like the lighting of a fire under a cold heart” (Wharton 33). As Smith recognizes in this comparison, he says that “His (Ethan) life of isolation changes, however, when Mattie Silver comes to stay with him and his wife” (Smith 96). Smith correctly analyzes Ethan’s situation, labeling Mattie as this outlet of hope that he can turn to in order to cope with his isolation. Wharton herself shows that Ethan truly did view Mattie as his outlet for hope, mainly due to his love for her, which Mattie shares equally for him. This love sprouts from many things including attractiveness, conversation, understanding, and listening, many of which he lacks for his whole life and where most of his isolation roots itself. Wharton writes, “She had an eye to see and an ear to hear: he could show her things and tell her things, and taste the bliss of feeling that all he imparted left long reverberations and echoes he could wake at will” (Wharton 28). This is a fancy way of saying that they Mattie not only listened to Ethan, but also
Towards the middle of the memoir, the theme is shown through the irony of Jeannette’s mother’s situation as well as Jeannette’s feelings towards
In Edith Wharton’s book Ethan Frome, the main character, Ethan, struggles every day with decisions that are predetermined or made through the use of free will. Free will and determinism play a key role in deciding whether to abandon his current wife or not, which is his main internal struggle. Mattie Silver, who has come to take care of Zeena, falls in love with Ethan but feels wrong in doing so because Zeena is her cousin. Ethan loves her back but also feels bad about having a secret relationship with Mattie. They both have free will to run off and abandon Zeena but are predetermined to stay in Starkfield with her forever. In the real world, there is controversy about people having free will or determinism, and research