I made my observations on Cora. Cora is a 6 year old, that my sister and I have babysat for the past three years. I only get to babysit her during the summer months, and on date night during the school year. Over the past three years I have been able to watch Cora grow, and learn new things. She is a very active young girl from her clubs, sports, and all the physical activity she loves to do. This past Christmas she got a fitbit, and now she will try and beat her sister with how many steps she can get per day. Before I go into my observations I am going to describe physical, cognitive, and psychosocial development. Physical development is the process that starts at infancy, and continues into late adolescence. Physical development concentrates …show more content…
People close to the child play a close role in supporting the child’s cognitive development. In this development they learn to combine, separate, order things, and transform objects. These processes are called concrete because they are performed in the presence of the objects and events being thought about (Cognitive Development, 2014). Adolescences marks the beginning of complex thinking, and the ability to reason from knowing …show more content…
She has to read every single night before bed, she sometimes struggles with bigger words, but if you pronounce it for her once, she has it after that. For fun, her and her older sister play with Lego’s, and will see who can do the most math problems, on their level, in a minute. Cora is very competitive, but playful at the same time. She can get upset when she doesn’t get her way, but she can be calmed easily. One activity that Cora attends is art class at the Salisbury Train Station. She is always so excited to show everyone her beautiful work. Doing this every single week is a great activity for Cora to work on her fine motor skills. Cora has not only a close relationship with her parents, but also with her sister. The two of them do almost everything together. I feel that this helps her with her development because she has someone very close to her age to help her learn. Some may think that without her sister there it may harm her because she doesn’t have that wall to lean on, but Cora is very
She demonstrated her physical development with both gross and fine motor skills. When music came on in the classroom she was able to dance and follow the teacher’s dance instructions to Barney. Her dance moves were not in perfect motion, but was pretty good for a toddler. Her walking and running abilities seemed to be average for her age with a little bit of awkwardness and unsteadiness. Her fine motor skills include zipping down her jacket, turning pages in a book (with slight trouble), pasting things on paper, and coloring. Additionally, Chloe is able to play with Play-doh using a plastic knife; however, she holds it in a unique manner as if still learning the technique behind cutting.
She was able to obey simple commands, distinguish colors and sizes, and loved to “play-act”. Her favorite is pretending to be Cinderella where she would put on her shoes and ask to wrap her in a blanket so she can have her “princess dress”, look at the clock, and ask to be chased until she leaves one shoe behind. For the personal-social domain, the only thing she did not do well was using utensils to get food. Most of the time she would ask if she could have some food to put on her plate. However, she uses a spoon and fork to eat. Her mother also reported that she serves food to C.F., but she tries to do it by herself sometimes. Her attempt to independence was also observed, as she washed her hands with soap and water, and brushed her teeth without asking for help. She also told stories about her friends from school, which are all vital components of the ASQ (Squires & Bricker,
Swiss theorist Jean Piaget constructed the multi-stage cognitive-development theory, which suggests that as a child develops and explores their different environments, their brain is also developing, these advancements are characterised by different ways of thinking during the different stages (Lamdin & Lamdin-Hunter, 2012). Using John Bowlby’s theory of attachment in conjunction with Piaget’s cognitive-development theory, we can conclude that the secure environment formed from a child’s early caregiver type relationships allow them to explore these different environments safely allowing for cognitive development during early childhood and beyond. Between the ages of approximately two to seven years, a child enters the preoperational stage, a time in which symbolism is used to express sensorimotor discoveries and the development of language and the ability to pretend occurs (Berk, 2008). During this stage the child’s thinking lacks the logic that is typical of the concrete operational and formal operational stages (Berk 2008). To assist my own development my mother ensured I attended pre-school from the age of four to supplement my cognitive, social and physical development. This environment was stimulating with elements of play incorporated into each
Infants gain knowledge through direct experience and manipulation. They discover sensory knowledge such as, how objects look, taste, fell, smell, and sound. They learn how to reach, grasp, push, pull, and pour. Infants in this stage have the “out of sight out of mind” thought process. Towards the end of the sensorimotor stage, children obtain object permanence, the object still exists when not in sight. The preoperational stage continues on until age 7. This stage is crucial to the child’s ability to use words, images, and symbols to represent the world. Children in this stage exhibit egocentrism, not understanding events from other’s perspectives. The child experiences irreversibility, the inability to reverse sequences, and centration, the tendency to focus on only one aspect. A child cannot understand that two equal quantities are the same even if one changes appearance. During the concrete operational stage, children are less egocentric and are capable of logical thought. They understand the principle of conservation, but cannot think beyond tangible objects. The formal operational stage starts at the beginning of adolescence and allows children to be more systematic and logical. It reflects the ability to think logically when dealing with abstracts and hypothetical
I chose to observe a first grader who is seven years old. She is African American, she has two siblings: a sister who is in high school and a brother who is in the fifth grade. She is the youngest of the three. I chose her because she is in the first grade and I have not had many experiences working in the first grade classroom or experience in their home setting.
In the model I developed for child development there are three main groups: physical, mental, and social. Within these three groups are subcategories, many including ideas from various theorists, that I will use to support my system of child development. Throughout this paper, I will use ideas, definitions, and examples from the theorists I have chosen and from my own experience.
As a developmental psychologist, it is imperative as a professional to provide specific guidelines for the healthy development of infants, children, and adults as they encounter the four main stages of life. These four phases, beginning with pregnancy and birth, leading to infancy and childhood, adolescence, and ending with adulthood, will be discussed in correlation with specific strategies suggested for maintaining a standard rate of growth in an individual as it relates to each particular stage.
The focus of social development at this age is on forming friendships. Same-sex friendships are more typical at this age. Having a best friend is especially important. Through these friendships children learn to accept other`s opinions and see their point of view. Friends also have the role of emotional support during stressful situations. Physical development varies from child to child; some develop rapidly some go through slower stages of growth. Physical activities within as well as outside of school are highly encouraged to improve gross and fine motor skills. Sports are also an avenue for self validation and sense of...
The cognitive development perspective focuses on how children construct knowledge and how their constructions change over time. Piaget believed that children naturally try to make sense of their world, by engaging, touching, sucking, listening, and looking. Piaget’s theory of cognitive development was inspired by observing his own kids, and how they interacted with their surroundings. Piaget describes four major stages of cognitive development. Each stage represents a change in children and how they learn and understand their environment around them. It begins at birth until about 2 years of age. It is based on sense and motor skills. And how well they physically interact with their surroundings. Motor skills can be defined as anything that requires an infant to use their muscles, such as
Helping professionals who seek to work with young individuals would do well to have a strong understanding of how young people, who are going through middle childhood and adolescents grow and develop cognitively. Cognitive development affects much more than individuals ability to fair intellectually, but it also affect the behavioral and social development. In Piaget’s stages of development, he described middle childhood (ages 6 to 12) as being in the Concrete Operational Stage. In this stage, children are able to decenter, or process more than one concept at a time in a logical manner (Broderick & Blewitt, 2015), as opposed to the Pre-operational stage. According to Broderick and Blewitt (2015), the cognitive progression from middle childhood to adolescence is defined by the ability logically process more abstract information. This stage, termed by Piaget, is known as the Formal Operational stage and young people at around the age of 11 or 12 are in this stage. It is my hope that this week's assignment will give clarity to the concepts and strategies that pertain to cognitive development for children in middle childhood and adolescence.
She does very well in school and is always will to do school work without even being provoked. She is working on abstract ideas of adding and subtracting things and sounding out words for reading. She is above her age group at reading and has a very extensive vocabulary. Megan seems to enjoy the challenge of reading and it makes her feel grown-up and superior to her younger sibling, since he is too young to read. She is always trying to teach him w...
Physical development is the process that starts in human infancy and continues into late adolescent concentrating on gross and fine motor skills as well as puberty. Puberty is the period of sexual maturation during which a person becomes capable of reproducing . Physical development focuses on increasing the skill and performance of the body. The sequence of physical development involves firstly gross motor skills that require control of large muscles in the body, arms and legs. Gross motor skills are larger movements your baby makes with his/her arms, legs, feet, or his/her entire body. Physical and cognitive development are closely linked, especially during the early years. When most teens mature their frontal lobes continue to develop. (Kuhn 2006 and silveri 2006) says that myelin is the fat tissue which forms around axons and speeds the neurotransmission which can enable the better communication with other regions
As children grow towards adolescence they go through many stages of development. Child development refers to the stages of physical, cognitive, emotional, social, and language growth that occurs from the birth to beginning of adulthood. All aspects of a child's development may be affected by many different factors, including a poor learning environment, lack of social interaction, cultural background differences, abuse, and loss of a parent. All of the before mentioned examples can affect the child's maturation, "a biological growth process that enables orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience" (Myers 172). Children grow and mature at very different rates, some faster than others, which is why it is necessary to understand the importance of the different types of child development. Though all parts of child development are important, it is probably language learning that is most important to a child's development as a whole.
From the very beginning of our life, from conception until death we grow in many ways. We grow physically, cognitively, and socially but which of these is more important? Physical development, cognitive development, or psychosocial development they are all intertwined and are based upon each other. An issue with physical development can cause serious detrimental effects on both cognitive development and psychosocial development. For example; a child who is born with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome will not only have physical malformations but also cognitive delays and this in turn can lead to psychosocial delays. Physical development is the most important for the first few years of life as well as cognitive
The TC I have chosen is a 4-year-old female. She is a twin and has an older sister. She lives with her mother, father and 2 sisters. The mother describes the TC as being confident, chatty, social, creative and competitive. The religion of the TC is Catholic and is of Irish nationality. Both